Wild Animals in Captivity

activity American bison amphibia animal in captivity animal psychology animal-man relationship animal's animals e.g. antelopes anthropomorphisms aquarium avoid Basle Basle Zoo behaviour Berne biology of zoological biotope birds births bison breeding season cage captive animal caused Cervidae chamois chimpanzee coprophagy danger definite different species digestion domestic animals eating elephant enclosures enemy escape example excrement experiments fact factor feeding female Figure fish flight distance flight tendency floor freedom Gart gorilla hares HEDIGER hypersexuality ibex important increase individual instance intake of food keep keeper king penguin lion living male mammals mating means monkeys nature normal observed occur parasites physiological plants poisonous possible predators prey problem psychological reaction red deer reindeer reptiles result rodents rutting sexual snakes social rank space stag suitable surroundings tameness territory treatment tree unbiological ungulates usually visitors wild animals wild hares wire netting young Zool zoological gardens