Oil Shale

2004 Estonian Academy activity after-effect of manure AHC fraction alder plantation amount anhydrite ash samples ashes formed atmosphere biomass black alder bulk soil calcite calcium calcium hydroxide CFBC chemical co-processing co-pyrolysis CO2-binding combustion compounds content of heavy Dictyonema shale dolostone dry gaseous e-mail emergy energy environment environmental Estonian Estonian Academy Publishers Estonian oil shale exhausted oil-shale opencast experiment experimental formation fuel grey alder ground and hydrated growth substrate heavy metals humus hydration hydrocarbons Ibid kukersite Kuusik larnite LDPE lime mg CO2 mg of sample microbial communities mineral fertilizer mixture nitrogen nutrients oil shale ash oil shale opencast oil-shale mining detritus oil-shale opencast mines Parapalu pollution portlandite processes pyrolysis pyrolysis oil ratio recultivation substance rhizosphere Scots pine seeding semi-coke Sirgala soil humus content soil microbial soil-root interface Songa studied summary in English Table Tallinn Tallinn Technical University Tartu temperature trees