the Transvaal to the British Empire, April 12. Russia declares war against Turkey, April 24. British reply to Prince Gortchakoff's circular, May 1. Defeat of Mr Gladstone's motion censuring the Eastern policy of the Government, May 14. Resignation of the French Ministry as the result of a reproof by Marshal MacMahon, May 16. Rumania proclaimed independent, May 21. Death of Marshal Cabrera, May 24 (born, 1810). Death of Mr J. L. Motley, May 29 (born, 1814). Bombardment of Kars by the Russians, June 1. Death of Lord Justice Mellish, June 15 (born, 1814). Russians cross the Danube, June 24. Dissolution of the French Chamber of Deputies by Marshal MacMahon, June 25. Russian loan of 200,000,000 roubles, June 26. British fleet returns to Besika Bay, July 5. Death of Yakub Beg of Kashgar, July 11. Turkish massacre at Yeni Saghra, July 15. Russian assault on Plevna repulsed, July 30. Rumanian army crosses the Danube, August 9. Insurrection in Crete, August 17. Russian defeat at Kizil Tepe by Mukhtar Pasha, August 25. Death of Brigham Young, August 29 (born, 1800). Death of Thiers, September 3 (born, 1797). Prosecution of Gambetta, September 11. Death of Admiral Canaris, September 14 (born, 1787). Turkish defeat in the Shipka Pass by General Gourko, September 17. Rout of the Turkish army under Mukhtar Pasha at Aladja Dagh by the Russians, October 15. Resignation of the Duc Decazes, October 30. Death of Field-Marshal von Wrangel, November 1 (born, 1784). Kars stormed by the Russians, November 18. Marshal MacMahon's "Cabinet of Business, November 23. Canadian fisheries award, November 24. Bill abolishing capital punishment passed by the Italian Chamber of Deputies, November 28. Fall of Plevna, December 10. Turkish appeal to the Powers to mediate, December 12. Servian declaration of independence and war against Turkey, December 13. State visit of Queen Victoria to Lord Beaconsfield at Hughenden, December 15. Passage of the Balkans by General Gourko, December 29.

1878. Native rising in the Transvaal, January 1. Death of General la Marmora, January 5 (born, 1804). Death of King Victor Emmanuel, January 9 (born, 1820). Surrender of Vesoul Pasha's army to the Russians in the Shipka Pass, January 9. Russian occupation of Adrianople, January 20. Arrival of Cleopatra's Needle in the Thames, January 21. Marriage of King Alfonso XII., January 23. British fleet at the Dardanelles; resignation of Lord Carnarvon, January 25. Great famine in China reported, January 26. Commission of inquiry into Egyptian finances ordered, January 29. Armistice between Russia and Turkey, January 31. Greek troops ordered to occupy Thessaly, Epirus, and Macedonia, February 1. Death of George Cruikshank, February 1 (born, 1791). Vote of £6,000,000 by the House of Commons to strengthen the army and navy, February 7. Death of Pope Pius IX., February 7 (born, 1792). Occupation of Erzerum by the Russians, February 13. Passage of the Dardanelles by British fleet, February 13. Mr Blaud's Silver Bill passed by the U.S. Senate, February 16. Election of Pope Leo XIII., February 20. Peace between Turkey and Servia, March 2. Treaty of San Stefano, March 3. Bill for the abolition of capital punishment defeated in the House of Commons, March 13. Indian Vernacular Press Act passed, March 14. Loss of the Eurydice, March 24. Death of Sir Gilbert Scott, March 27 (born, 1814). Resignation of Lord Derby, March 28. Circular to the Powers by Lord Salisbury regarding the treaty of San Stefano; British reserves called out, April 1. Murder of Lord Leitrim, April 2. Indian troops ordered to Malta, April 17. Opening of the Paris Exhibition, May 1. Attempted assassination of the German Emperor by Hödel, May 11. Death of Earl Russell, May 28 (born, 1792). Foundering of the German ironclad Grosser Kurfürst, May 31. Attempt on the life of the German Emperor by Dr Nobiling, June 2. Anglo-Turkish Convention signed; Cyprus to be occupied by Great Britain, June 4. Death of King George of Hanover, June 12 (born, 1819). Opening of the Berlin Congress, June 13. Death of Charles Mathews, actor, June 24 (born, 1803). Death of Queen Mercedes of Spain, June 26 (born, 1860). Fête de la République in France, June 30. Berlin Treaty signed, July 13. Cyprus annexed to the British Empire, July 14. Return of Lord Beaconsfield from the Berlin Congress-"peace with honour," July 16. Russian mission at Kabul, July 22. Austrian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, August. Nihilist trials at Odessa, August 5. Orange riots at Ottawa, August 12. Death of Queen Christina of Spain, August 21 (born, 1806). Earthquakes in Holland, Belgium, and Germany, August 27. Reforms promised by the Khedive of Egypt, August 30. Princess Atte disaster, about 700 lives lost, September 3. Abercarne colliery explosion, September 11. Cleopatra's Needle erected on the Thames Embankment, September 12. British mission to Afghanistan stopped on the frontier, September 22. City of Glasgow Bank failure, October 1. Death of Lord Chelmsford, October 5 (born, 1794). Marquis of Lorne appointed Governor-General of Canada, October 14. German Anti-Socialist Bill passed, October 19. Attempt on the life of King Alfonso XII., October 25. British ultimatum to Afghanistan, November 1. Death of Samuel Phelps, actor, Nov

ember 6 (born, 1806). Attempted assassination of King Humbert, November 17. Halifax award paid by America, November 21. War with Afghanistan announced; capture of Ali Mesjid by the British, November 22. Rumania occupies the Dobrudja, November 26. Peiwar Pass crossed by General Roberts, December 1. Flight of the Ameer Shere Ali, December 13. Death of Princess Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse, December 14 (born, 1843). British occupation of Jalalabad, December 20. Bulgarian Assembly of Notables elected, December 31. Invention of the microphone and phonograph.

1879. Resumption of specie payments in America, January 2. Marriage of King William III. of Holland to Princess Emma of Waldeck, January 7. General Roberts enters Kandahar, January 8. Death of Marshal Espartero, January 8 (born, 1791). British advance into Zululand, January 19. Battle of Isandlwhana; defence of Rorke's Drift, January 22. Resignation of Marshal MacMahon, January 30. Russo-Turkish treaty of peace signed, February 8. Death of General Peel, February 13 (born, 1799). Numerous assassinations ordered by the King of Burma, February 16. Death of Field-Marshal Count von Roon, February 23 (born, 1803). Rejection of the "Muzzling Bill" by the German Reichstag, March 7. Marriage of the Duke of Connaught, March 13. Russian evacuation of Adrianople, March 20. Zulu defeat at Ginghilova, April 2. Chile declares war against Peru, April 5. Dismissal of European advisers by the Khedive, April 7. Attempted assassination of the Tsar, April 14. Prince Alexander of Battenberg elected Prince of Bulgaria, April 29. Anglo-German treaty for suppression of the African slave trade, April 30. Russian ukase against Nihilism, May 8. Naval engagement between Chilians and Peruvians off Iquique, May 21. American Silver Bill passed, May 24. Anglo-Afghan treaty of Gandamak, May 26. Sir G. Wolseley appointed High Commissioner for Natal and the Transvaal, May 26. Prince Louis Napoleon killed by Zulus, June 1 (born, 1856). Death of the Prince of Orange, June 11 (born, 1840). Deposition of Ismail Pasha; Tewfik appointed Khedive, June 26. Death of Lord Lawrence, June 27 (born, 1811). Battle of Ulundi, July 4. Protective Tariff Bill passed by the German Reichstag, July 13. Bombardment of Iquique by the Chilians, July 16. Death of Mr Fechter, actor, August 5 (born, 1823). Resignation of Count Andrassy, August 14. European controllers appointed for Egypt, August 25. Death of General Lazareff, commanding the Russian expedition in Central Asia, August 25. Capture of Cetywayo, August 28. Massacre of Sir L. Cavagnari, suite, and escort at Kabul, September 3. New insurrection in Cuba, September 14. International Exhibition opened at Sydney, N.S. W., September 17. British rupture with Burma, October 7. General Roberts enters Kabul, October 12. Abdication of Yakub Khan, Ameer of Afghanistan, October 21. First Legislative Assembly of Bulgaria opened, October 30. Chilian victory at Pisagua, November 2. Administrative reforms in Asiatic Turkey ordered by the Sultan, November 20. Death of Mr J. T. Delane, editor of The Times, November 22 (born, 1817). Capture of Moirosi's Mountain, Zululand, by the British, November 24. Mr Gladstone's Midlothian campaign: Edinburgh Music Hall speech, November 25. Marriage of King Alfonso XII., November 29. Attempt on the life of the Tsar near Moscow, December 2. Attempted assassination of Lord Lytton, December 12. Rout of the Afghans by General Roberts, December 23. The Tay Bridge disaster, December 28. Direct telegraphic communication opened between Great Britain and South Africa, December 29. Attempt to shoot the King and Queen of Spain, December 30.

1880. Death of the Duc de Gramont, January 14 (born, 1819). British defeat of Mohmunds near Dakka, January 15. Spanish Bill abolishing slavery in Cuba passed, January 16. Death of M. Jules Favre, January 20 (born, 1809). Parliament opened by the the Queen, February 5. Attempt to blow up the Tsar at the Winter Palace, February 17. Supreme Executive Commission of protection appointed in Russia, February 24. Irish Distress Relief Bill passed, March 1. Attempt to assassinate Count Loris Melikoff, dictator of Russia, March 3. Capture of Mollendo by the Chilians, March 12. Grand Shereef of Mecca assassinated, March 14. Dissolution of Parliament, March 24. M. Tricoupis Prime Minister of Greece, March 27. French anti-Jesuit decree, March 29. New German Army Bill passed, April 9. Death of Lord Hampton, April 9 (born, 1799). Death of Dr Kenealy, April 16 (born about 1818). Albanian proclamation of independence, April 19. Afghan defeat at Ahmedkhel, April 19. Great fire at Hull, Ottawa, April 21. Resignation of Lord Beaconsfield, April 21. Mr Gladstone appointed Prime Minister, April 23. Afghan defeat at Charasiab, April 25. Expulsion of foreign Jews from St Petersburg, April 30. French amnesty decree, May 10. Mr Goschen's special mission to Constantinople, May 28. Death of the Empress Maria of Russia, June 3 (born, 1824). Death of Sir Stephen Cave, June 7 (born, 1820). Conference in Berlin as to the Greek and Montenegrin frontiers, June 16. Tichborne claimant's appeal dismissed, June 25. Capture of the Kelly gang of bushrangers in Victoria, June 28. Diplomatic rupture between Belgium

and the Vatican, June 28. French annexation of Tahiti, June 29. Death of Mr Tom Taylor, July 12 (born, 1817). Abdurrahman proclaimed Ameer of Afghanistan, July 22. British disaster at Maiwand, July 27. French General Councils election; 240 Republican gains, August 1. Sir Bartle Frere recalled from the Cape, August 1. General Roberts's march from Kabul to Kandahar, August 9. Death of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, August 14 (born, 1788). Cologne Cathedral completed, August 14. Defeat of Ayub Khan by General Roberts, September 1. Rising in Basutoland, September 13. Death of Sir Fitzroy Kelly, September 17 (born, 1796). Naval demonstration of the Powers at Dulcigno, September 17. Landslip at Naini Tal, September 18. Land League persecution of Captain Boycott, September 22. Murder of Lord Mountmorres, September 25. Melbourne Exhibition opened, October 1. Death of Jacques Offenbach, October 4 (born, 1819). Death of Baron Ricasoli, October 23 (born, 1809). Rev. Pelham Dale imprisoned under the Public Worship Act, October 30. General Garfield elected President of the United States, November 2. Kurd invasion of Persia, November 3. Arrest of Mr Parnell for conspiracy, November 3. Great earthquake at Agram, Croatia, November 9. Trial of Nihilists in St Petersburg, November 10. Death of Lord Chief Justice Cockburn, November 20 (born, 1802). Death of Field-Marshal Sir C. Yorke, November 20 (born, 1790). Surrender of Dulcigno to Montenegro by Turkey, November 26. Penygraig colliery explosion, December 10. The Transvaal proclaimed a republic by Mr Kruger and others, December 16. Boer attack on British troops at Bronker's Spruit, December 20. Death of George Eliot, December 22 (born, 1820). Greek refusal of arbitration on the frontier question, December 26. Serious floods in Holland, December 30. Land League agitation in Ireland; numerous agrarian outrages.

Great

Armistice

1881. Employers' Liability Act in force, January 1. strike of Lancashire miners, January 14. Attempt to blow up Salford barracks, January 14. Capture of Geok Tepe by the Russians, January 16. Lima taken by the Chilians, January 21. End of the trial of Mr Parnell and his associates for conspiracy: disagreement of the jury, January 25. Repulse of Sir G. Colley by the Boers at Lang's Nek, January 28. Panama Canal begun, February 1. Removal of Mr Parnell and thirty-four other Irish members from the House of Commons for obstruction, February 3. Death of Thomas Carlyle, February 6 (born, 1795). Battle of Ingogo, February 8. Battle of Majuba; death of Sir G. Colley, February 27. Irish Coercion Bill passed, March 2. with the Boers, March 6. Assassination of the Tsar Alexander II., March 13. Peace with the Boers; surrender of Potchefstroom, March 21, 22. Earthquake at Chios, 5000 lives lost, April 3. European Note to Turkey on the Greek question, April 19. Death of Lord Beaconsfield, April 19 (born, 1805). International monetary conference in Paris, April 19. British evacuation of Kandahar, April 21. French occupation of Bizerta, April 30. H.M.S. Doterel blown up in the Strait of Magellan, May 4. Expulsion of Mr Bradlaugh from the House of Commons, May 10. Marriage of the Crown Prince Rudolph of Austria, May 10. French treaty with Tunis, May 12. Attempt to blow up the Central Police Station, Liverpool, May 16. Revised edition of the New Testament published, May 17. Prince Leopold created Duke of Albany, May 23. Prince of Rumania crowned king, May 23. Johann Most, proprietor of Die Freiheit, found guilty of incitement to murder, May 25. Fortune Bay fishery award: Great Britain to pay America £15,000, May 28. Great fire at Quebec, June 8. Scrutin de liste rejected by the French Senate, June 9. Attempt to blow up Liverpool Town Hall, June 10. Death of M. Dufaure, June 27 (born, 1798). President Garfield shot, July 2; died, September 20 (born, 1831). Death of Lord Hatherley, July 10 (born, 1801). Capture of Sfax (Tunis) by the French, July 16. Death of Dean Stanley, July 18 (born, 1815). Convention with the Transvaal: British suzerainty reserved, August 3. Irish Land Bill becomes law, August 22. Mutiny of Egyptian troops under Arabi Bey, September 9. Evacuation of Thessaly by the Turks, September 15. Meeting of the German and Russian Emperors at Danzig, September 16. General Arthur sworn President of the United States, September 22. Defeat of Ayub Khan by the Ameer Abdurrahman of Afghanistan, September 22. Severn tunnel borings completed, September 27. Death of Baron Haymerle, October 10 (born, 1828). Arrest of Mr Parnell, October 13. Swansea docks opened by the Prince and Princess of Wales, October 18. "No rent" manifesto by the Irish Land League, October 18. The Land League proclaimed an illegal association, October 20. First meeting of the Irish Land Courts, October 20. Death of Professor Bluntschli, October 21 (born, 1808). Arrest of the Maori chief Te Whiti for sedition, November 6. British North Borneo Company receives a charter, November 8. M. Gambetta becomes French Premier, November 12. Burning of the Ring Theatre, Vienna, several hundred lives lost, December 8. "Reign of Terror" in Ireland.

1882. Death of Mr W. Harrison Ainsworth, January 3 (born, 1805). Death of Mr Bernal Osborne, January 4 (born, 1814).

Anglo-French Note supporting the authority of the Khedive, January 8. Death of Mr Johu Linuell, artist, January 20 (born, 1792). Resignation of M. Gambetta's Ministry, January 26. Arabi Pasha appointed Egyptian Minister of War, February 2. Nihilist trials in St Petersburg, February 28. Prince of Wales proposes to found a Royal College of Music, February 28. Attempt to shoot the Queen by R. Maclean at Windsor, March 2. Servia proclaimed a kingdom, March 6. Death of Longfellow, March 24 (born, 1807). Retirement of Prince Gortchakoff from the Russian Ministry for Foreign Affairs, April 9. Death of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, April 9 (born, 1828). Death of Darwin, April 19 (born, 1809). Marriage of the Duke of Albany to Princess Helen of Waldeck-Pyrmont, April 27. Death of Ralph Waldo Emerson, April 27 (born, 1803). Earl Spencer appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, April 28. Murder of Lord Frederick Cavendish, Secretary for Ireland, and Mr T. A. Burke, Under-Secretary, in Phoenix Park, Dublin, May 6. Death of General Kaufmann, conqueror of Turkestan, May 12 (born, 1818). New Eddystone Lighthouse opened by the Duke of Edinburgh, May 18. Anglo-French ultimatum to Egypt; removal of Arabi Pasha and resignation of the Ministry demanded, May 25. Reappointment of Arabi Pasha as Egyptian Minister of War, May 28. Death of Garibaldi, June 2 (born, 1807). Riot at Alexandria, many Europeans killed, June 11. Death of General Skobeleff, July 7 (born, 1843). Bombardment of the Alexandria forts by the British fleet, July 11; marines landed, July 17. Irish Prevention of Crimes Bill passed, July 11. British vote of credit for an expedition to restore order in Egypt, July 27. The French Chamber decline to furnish funds for the protection of the Suez Canal, July 29. Death of Professor Jevons, August 13 (born, 1835). Arrival in Egypt of Sir G. Wolseley, commanding the British expedition against Arabi Pasha, August 15. Massacre of the Joyce family at Maamtrasna, Galway, August 17. Suez Canal held by British troops, August 19. Battle of Kassassin, August 28. Death of Sir G. Grey, September 9 (born about 1798). Rout of the Egyptian army at Tel-el-Kebir, September 13. Occupation of Cairo by the British and surrender of Arabi Pasha, September 14. Death of Dr Pusey, September 16 (born, 1800). Return of the Khedive to Cairo, September 25. Attempted assassination of Mr Justice Lawson in Dublin, November 12. Review of the army from Egypt by the Queen in St James's Park, November 18. Arabi Pasha banished from Egypt for life, December 3. Death of Archbishop Tait, December 3 (born, 1811). Royal Courts of Justice opened by the Queen, December 4. Death of Louis Blanc, December 6 (born, 1811). Death of Anthony Trollope, December 6 (born, 1815). Great fire in Wood Street, Cheapside, December 8. Belt v. Lawes libel case: £5000 damages for plaintiff, December 28. Death of Gambetta, December 31 (born, 1838).

1883. Married Women's Property Act in force, January 1. Death of General Chanzy, January (born, 1823). Arrest of Prince Napoleon for publishing a manifesto against the Republic, January 16. Death of Gustave Doré, January 22 (born, 1832). Cetywayo restored King of Zululand, January 29. Mr Davitt, Mr Healy, and Mr Quinn imprisoned for sedition, February 8. Death of Sir Salar Jung, February 8. Death of Professor Henry Smith, February 9 (born, 1827). Murderers of Lord F. Cavendish and Mr Burke identified, February 10; James Carey turns informer, February 11. Death of Richard Wagner, February 13 (born, 1813). M. Jules Ferry, Premier of France, February 21. Orleanist princes removed from the French army, February 25. Death of Mr J. R. Green, historian, March 7 (born, 1837). Death of Prince Gortchakoff, March 11 (born, 1798). Death of Karl Marx, March 14 (born, 1818). Attempts to blow up the Local Government Board office and The Times office with dynamite, March 15. Lord Dufferin's Egyptian reform scheme published, March 20. Death of Sir G. Jessel, March 21 (born, 1824). Two infernal machines seized at Liverpool, March 28. Murder of M. de Majlath, Chief Justice of Hungary, March 29. Louise Michel arrested in Paris for incitement to plunder, March 29. Explosives Bill passed, April 9. Trial of Irish "Invincibles," April 10. Impeachment of the Norwegian Ministry, April 23. Death of Prince Batthyany, April 25 (born,_1804). Amsterdam International Exhibition opened, May 1. Death of Lord Justice Deasy, May 6 (born, 1812). Opening of the Royal College of Music by the Prince of Wales, May 7. Mr Kruger elected President of the Transvaal, May 9. Condemnation of the Land League by the Pope, May 11. International Fisheries Exhibition, South Kensington, opened by the Prince of Wales, May 12. Execution of five of the Phoenix Park murderers, May 14-June 9. Lord Lansdowne appointed GovernorGeneral of Canada, May 21. French force under Commander Rivière destroyed by "Black Flags" at Ha Noi, Tongking, May French bombardment of Mojanga, Madagascar, May 24. Coronation of the Tsar Alexander III., May 27. Bombardment and capture of Tamatave, Madagascar, by the French, June 13. Death of Bishop Colenso, June 20 (born, 1814). Death of Sir Wm. Knollys, June 24 (born, 1797). Death of Mr W. Spottiswoode, June 27 (born, 1825). Prussian modification of the "Falk

20.

Laws," July 2. Captain Webb drowned in attempt to swim Niagara Rapids, July 24. James Carey, Irish informer, shot, July 29. Spanish military risings suppressed, August 4-9. Death of Dr R. Moffat, August 9 (born, 1796). Death of the Comte de Chambord, August 24 (born, 1820). French protectorate over Tongking and Annam, August 25. Eruption of Krakatoa; many thousand lives lost, August 27. Death of Ivan Turguenieff, September 3 (born, 1818). Riot at Canton, European quarter sacked, September 11. German war monument unveiled on the Niederwald, Rüdesheim, September 27. King Alfonso of Spain insulted by a Paris mob; apology by President Grévy, September 29, 30. Surrender of Cetywayo to the British, October 16. Death of Captain Mayne Reid, October 22 (born, 1819). Peace between Chile and Peru, October 20. Hicks Pasha's army destroyed by the Mahdi at El Obeid, November 3. Death of Lord Overstone, November 17 (born, 1796). Death of Sir William Siemens, November 18 (born, 1823). Death of Signor Mario, December 11. Irish "national tribute" of £38,000 presented to Mr Parnell in Dublin, December 11. Capture of Son Tai, Tongking, by the French, December 18. Ten dynamiters sentenced to penal servitude at Glasgow, December 21. Assassination of Colonel Soudeikin, chief of the Russian police, by Nihilists, December 28. Australian federation movement. Internal troubles in Austria-Hungary.

1884. Dismissal of the Egyptian Ministry of Sherif Pasha, January 7. The Poet Laureate created Lord Tennyson, January 16. General Gordon sent to Khartum on a special mission, January 18. The Ilbert Bill passed by the Calcutta Legislative Council, January 25. Death of M. Rouher, February 3 (born, 1814). Defeat of Baker Pasha by Osinan Digna near Tokar, February 4. Death of King Cetywayo, February 8. Arrival of General Gordon at Khartum, February 18. Death of Mr T. Chenery, editor of The Times, February 12 (born, 1826).__Retirement of Sir H. Brand from the Speakership of the House of Commons; Mr A. Peel chosen to succeed him, February 25, 26. Dynamite explosion at Victoria railway station, February 26. Convention between Great Britain and the Transvaal signed in London, February 27. Sudanese defeated at El Teb by General Graham, February 29. Defeat of Osman Digna at Tamanieb by General Graham, March 13. Death of the Duke of Albany at Cannes, March 28 (born, 1853). Great fire at Mandalay, April 2. Death of Charles Reade, April 11 (born, 1814). Death of Sir Michael Costa, April 29 (born, 1810). German Protectorate Over Angra-Pequeña, April 24. Health Exhibition opened at South Kensington, May 8. Provisional treaty of peace between France and China, May 11. Fall of Berber, May 23. Admiral Hewett's treaty with Abyssinia, May 26 (about). Death of Sir Bartle Frere, May 29 (born, 1815). Dynamite explosions in St James's Square and Scotland Yard, May 30. Marriage of the Grand Duke Serge of Russia to Princess Elizabeth of Hesse, June 15. Railways sanctioned by the Chinese Government, June 20. Death of the Prince of Orange, June 21 (born, 1851). Collision between French and Chinese at Lang Son, June 23. European conference on Egypt meets in London, June 28. International Forestry Exhibition opened in Edinburgh, July 1. Death of General Todleben, July 1 (born, 1818). Death of the Rev. Mark Pattison, July 30 (born, 1813). International Conference on Education opened at South Kensington, August 4. Bombardment

of Ki-lung, Formosa, by the French, August 6. Death of Sir Erasmus Wilson, August 8 (born, 1809). Death of Lord Ampthill, August 25 (born, 1829). French attack on Foo-chow, August 26-28. Lord Northbrook leaves London for Egypt on a financial mission, August 31. Political riots in Brussels and Antwerp, September 7. Arrival of Lord Wolseley in Cairo to command an expedition to Khartum, September 9. Lord Dufferin appointed Viceroy of India in succession to Lord Ripon, September 10. Revival of the " League of the Three Emperors," September 15. Wreck of H.M.S. Wasp at Tory Island, 52 lives lost, September 22. Colonel Stewart, Mr Power, M. Herbin, and about forty men massacred by Arabs on the Nile, reported October 6. Death of Mr Fawcett, November 6 (born, 1833). British protectorate over part of New Guinea, November 6. Mr Cleveland elected President of the United States, November 7. Berlin Conference on West African affairs opened, November 15. Imperial Federation League formed, November 18. Finney v. Garmoyle, breach of promise case, plaintiff awarded £10,000, November 20. Adams v. Coleridge, libel case, plaintiff awarded £3000 damages; verdict reversed by Mr Justice Manisty, November 22. Rising in Korea, December 4. Franchise Bill passed, December 6. Attempt to blow up London Bridge with dynamite, December 13. Arrival of Lord Wolseley at Korti, on the Nile, December 15. Earthquakes in Spain, over 1000 lives lost, December 25-31. Sir P. Lumsden's Afghan frontier mission. British expedition to Bechuanaland ander Sir C. Warren. Skye crofters' agitation.

1885. Death of Cluny Macpherson, January 10 (born, 1805). Battle of Abu Klea; Colonel Fred. Burnaby killed, January 17 (born, 1842). Battle near Metammeh ; General Stewart wounded, January 19. Dynamite outrages at the Houses of Parliament and

the Tower, January 24. Fall of Khartum; General Gordon killed, January 26 (born, 1833). Wreck of Sir C. Wilson's steamers returning from Khartum; rescue by Lord Charles Beresford, January 28-February 9. Defeat of Sudanese at Kirbekan; General Earle killed, February 10 (born, 1833). Capture of Lang Son, Tongking, by the French, February 12. Death of General Sir H. Stewart at Gakdul, February 16 (born, 1843). Sir C. Warren Military Governor of Bechuanaland, February 23. New South Wales troops leave Sydney for the Sudan, March 3. Lord Wolseley's army at Korti, March 12. Arab attack on Sir J. M'Neill's force near Suakin, March 22. Death of Sir Harry Parkes, March 22 (born, 1828). British reserve forces called out, March 26. Chinese recapture Lang Son, March 28. Fall of M. Ferry's Ministry, March 30. Russians under General Komaroff attack Afghan positions on the Kushk, March 30. Visit of the Ameer of Afghanistan to Lord Dufferin at Rawal Pindi, March 31. Death of Lord Cairns, April 2 (born, 1819). Prince and Princess of Wales visit Ireland, April 7. Rising of half-breeds and Indians under Louis Riel in Canada, April 24. Opening of the International Inventions Exhibition, South Kensington, May 4. Death of Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, May 9 (born, 1820). Capture of Louis Riel, May 15. Publication of the Revised Version of the Bible, May 18. Vote of credit of £11,000,000 passed, May 20. Death of Victor Hugo, May 22 (born, 1802). Death of Sir Julius Benedict, June 5 (born, 1804). Peace between France and China, June 9. Redistribution Bill passed, June 12. Resignation of Mr Gladstone, June 12. Lord Salisbury appointed Prime Minister, June 15. Evacuation of Dongola by the British, June 15. Death of Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia, June 15 (born, 1828). Death of Field-Marshal Manteuffel, June 17 (born, 1809). Death of the Mahdi reported, about June 20. Opening of the Hull and Barnsley Railway, July 16. Death of General Grant, July 23 (born, 1822). Marriage of Princess Beatrice to Prince Henry of Battenberg, July 23. Death of Sir Moses Montefiore, July 28 (born, 1784). Panjdeh surrendered to Russia. German occupation of one of the Caroline Islands, August 14. Expiration of the Crimes Act, August 14. Sir H. D. Wolff's Egyptian mission to Constantinople, August 22. Meeting of the Austrian and Russian Emperors at Kremsier, August 25. Severn tunnel completed, September 5. international yacht race off New York, won by the American yacht Puritan, September 14. Union of Eastern Rumelia to Bulgaria proclaimed, September 18. Death of Lord Shaftesbury, October 1 (born, 1801). Death of Lord Strathnairn, October 16 (born, 1803). Conference in Constantinople on the Eastern question, November 5. British ultimatum to Burma; advance of General Prendergast's force, November 9. War declared between Servia and Bulgaria, November 13. Battle of Slivnitza, November 17-19. Dissolution of Parliament, November 18. Death of Marshal Serrano, November 25 (born, 1810). Death of King Alfonso XII., November 26 (born, 1857). Surrender of King Thebaw of Burma; occupation of Mandalay, November 27, 28. Death of Mr W. H. Vanderbilt, December 8 (born, 1821). Federation favoured by the Australasian Colonies, excepting New South Wales and New Zealand, December 9. Death of King Ferdinand of Portugal, December 15 (born, 1816). M. Grévy reelected President of the French Republic, December 28. Sudanese defeat at Kosheh, December 30. British general election; Liberal success. Revival of Irish Nationalist tyranny.

First

1886. Upper Burma annexed by Great Britain, January 1. Mersey tunnel opened by the Prince of Wales, January 20. Parliament opened by the Queen, January 21. Defeat of Lord Salisbury's Government on the agricultural labourers' holdings question; return of Mr Gladstone to power, January 28February 1. Social Democratic riots in London, February 8. Crawford v. Crawford and Dilke divorce case, decree nisi granted, February 12. Death of Randolph Caldecott, February 12 (born, 1846). Death of Lord Cardwell, February 15 (born, 1813). Suspension of the Commercial Bank of South Australia, February 24. Peace signed between Servia and Bulgaria, March 3. Death of Archbishop Trench, March 28 (born, 1807). Guildhall meeting to protest against the proposed Irish Home Rule Bill, April 2. Death of Mr W. E. Forster, April 5 (born, 1818). Conference of the Powers in Constantinople; Prince Alexander of Battenberg nominated Governor-General of Eastern Rumelia, April 5. European ultimatum to Greece to cease arming against Turkey, April 26. Colonial and Indian Exhibition opened by the Queen, May 4. Socialist riots at Chicago and Milwaukee, May 4, 5. European blockade of Greek ports, May 8. British evacuation of Suakin, May 16. Death of Lord Farnborough, May 17 (born, 1815). Death of Leopold von Ranke, historian, May 23 (born, 1795). Serious riots in Belfast, June 6. Irish Home Rule Bill rejected by the House of Commons, June 8. Eruption of Mount Tarawera, New Zealand; the "Pink Terraces" destroyed, June 9. Suicide of King Ludwig of Bavaria at Tegernsee, June 15 (born, 1845). Death of the Maharajah Holkar of Indore, June 17 (born, 1832). Death of the Maharajah Scindia of Gwalior, June 20 (born, 1835). French Princes' Expulsion Bill passed, June 22.

Dissolution of Parliament, June 26. General election; Conservative victory. Resignation of the Gladstone Cabinet, July 21. British convention with China, July 24. Death of Liszt, July 31 (born, 1811). Lord Salisbury's Ministry accept seals of office: Lord R. Churchill Chancellor of the Exchequer, August 3. Conspiracy at Sofia; Prince Alexander kidnapped, August, 21. Abdication announced, September 4. Death of the Duc Decazes, September 16 (born, 1819). Death of Mr J. L. Hatton, September 20 (born, 1809). Death of Lord Monkswell, October 27 (born, 1817). Irish "Plan of Campaign" proclaimed unlawful, December 18. Lord R. Churchill resigns the Chancellorship of the Exchequer, December 23.

1887. Death of Serjeant Ballantine, January 9 (born, 1812). Death of Lord Iddesleigh, January 12 (born, 1818). Meetings at St James's Palace and the Mansion House to found an Imperial Institute, January 12. Meeting of the "Round Table Conference at Sir W. Harcourt's house, January 14. Mr H. M. Stanley leaves London to relieve Emin Pasha, January 21. Death of Sir Joseph Whitworth, January 22 (born, 1803). Serious riots at Belfast, January 29. Queen Victoria's Jubilee celebrated in India, February 16. Earthquake on the Riviera, many lives lost, February 22. Death of Father Beckx, formerly "General" of the Jesuits, March 4 (born, 1794). German Army Bill passed by the Reichstag, March 9. Triple Alliance said to have been signed, March 13. British Colonial Conference at the Foreign Office, April 4. Arrest of M. Schnaebele, French Commissary at Pagny, by Germans on the frontier, April 20. Defeat of dervishes by Egyptians at Sarras, April 29. Jubilee Exhibition at Manchester opened by the Prince and Princess of Wales, May 4. Address of congratulation presented to the Queen by the Lord Mayor and Corporation of London, May 9. Inaugural stone of the North Sea and Baltic Canal laid by the German Emperor, June 3. Fiftieth anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne, June 20. General celebration of the Queen's jubilee; State procession from Buckingham Palace to Westminster Abbey, June 21. British annexation of East Zululand, June 21. Metropolitan school children visited by the Queen in Hyde Park, June 22. "Women's Jubilee Offering" of £75,000 accepted by the Queen, June 22. Jubilee thanksgiving in St Paul's Cathedral, June 23. Review of volunteers by the Queen at Buckingham Palace, July 2. First stone of the Imperial Institute laid by the Queen, July 4. Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg elected Prince of Bulgaria, July 7. Irish Crimes Bill passed by the House of Commons, July 8. Great review at Aldershot by the Queen, July 9. Death of Herr Krupp, July 13 (born, 1810). Russo-Afghan boundary settled, July 20. Naval review at Spithead, July 23. Death of Michael Katkoff, editor of the Moscow Gazette, August 1 (born, 1820). Meeting of the German and Austrian Emperors at Gastein, August 6. Offer by the Nizam of Haidarabad of £200,000 a year for three years for Indian North-West frontier defences, August 26. Trafalgar Square demonstration against the proclamation of the Irish National League, August 27. Nationalist riot at Mitchelstown, September 9. Centenary of the United States Constitution celebrated, September 15-17. Mr W. O'Brien, M.P., sent to prison for incitement to resist the law, September 24. AngloFrench Convention neutralizing the Suez Canal, October 24. French agree to withdraw from the New Hebrides, October 24. Lord Lytton appointed British Ambassador to France, October 29. Death of Sir G. Macfarren, October 31 (born, 1813). Death of Jenny Lind, November 2 (born, 1820). Death of Lord Wolverton, November 6 (born, 1824). Surrender of Ayub Khan to the Indian Government, November 9. Great riot in Trafalgar Square, November 13. Death of Lord and Lady Dalhousie, November 24, 25. Quetta and other districts incorporated as British Baluchistan, November. Resignation of M. Grévy, President of the French Republic; succeeded by M. Sadi Carnot, December 2. Death of Lord Lyons, December 5 (born, 1817). Attempt to murder M. Jules Ferry, December 10. Articles on "" Parnellism and Crime" published by The Times, March-June.

1888. One hundredth anniversary of The Times, January 1. New South Wales centenary celebrated, January 24. Death of Sir Henry Maine, February 3 (born, 1822). Austro-German alliance of 1879 published, February 3. German Army Bill (increase of 700,000 men) passed, February 8. Resignation of the Viceroyalty of India by Lord Dufferin; Lord Lansdowne appointed, February 8. Canadian Fisheries Treaty signed in Washington, February 15. Death of the Emperor William I., March 9 (born, 1797). General Boulanger removed from the French army, March 27. Death of Matthew Arnold, April 15 (born, 1822). Panama Canal Lottery Loan Bill passed by the French Chamber of Deputies, April 28. Glasgow International Exhibition opened by the Prince of Wales, May 8. Tibetans defeated by the British at Gnatong, May 23. Death of Marshal Leboeuf, June 7 (born, 1809). Lord Stanley of Preston sworn in as Governor-General of Canada, June 11. Death of the Emperor Frederick, June 15 (born, 1831). Duel between M. Floquet and General Boulanger, July 13. Death of Sir J. H. Brand, President

of the Orange Free State, July 14 (born, 1823). Armada tercentenary, July 19. Meeting of the Emperor William II. and the Tzar off Kronstadt, July 19. Death of General Sheridan, August 5 (born, 1831). Local Government Bill passed, August 9. Defeat of Italians by Abyssinians at Sanganeiti, August 13. Meeting between Prince Bismarck and Signor Crispi at Friedrichsruh, August 21. Retaliatory measures against Canada recommended by President Cleveland, August 24. Imperial British East Africa Company chartered, September 7. Defeat of Ishak Khan by the Ameer of Afghanistan, September 29, 30. Black Mountain Expedition: British successes, October 4, 5, 9, and 18; final submission of tribes, November 18. Visit of the German Emperor to the Pope, October 12. Opening of the Special Commission appointed to examine into the charges made by The Times in "Parnellism and Crime," October 22. Marriage between King Milan and Queen Natalie dissolved, October 24. General Harrison elected President of the United States, November 6. Death of Lord Lucan, November 10 (born, 1800). Death of Sir R. Baggallay, November 13 (born, 1813). Anglo-German blockade of Zanzibar on account of the slave trade, December 2. British victory at Suakin, December 20. Death of Count Loris Melikoff, December 22 (born, 1835). Suez Canal Convention ratified by the Powers, December 22. Death of Lord Eversley, December 28 (born, 1794). Rising in Zululand; surrender of Dinizulu, JulyNovember. Continued Irish agitation. Separation movement in Wales.

1889. Death of the Crown Prince of Austria, January 30 (born, 1858). Anti-rent riot near Gweedore; District-Inspector Martiu murdered by the mob, February 3. Mr Parnell's Scottish action against The Times dismissed, February 5. New Japanese constitution proclaimed, February 12. Collapse of the Paris copper syndicate; panic checked by Government and other support, March 5-9. Abdication of King Milan of Servia, March 6. French decree of banishment against the Duc d'Aumale dismissed, March 9. Abyssinians defeated by the Mahdi, March 10-12. Death of Mr John Bright, March 27 (born, 1811). Meeting between Queen Victoria and the Queen-Regent of Spain at San Sebastian, March 27. Flight of General Boulanger from Paris, April 1. Death of the Duchess of Cambridge, April 6 (born, 1797). Death of Father Damien, missionary to the Sandwich Island lepers, April 10 (born, 1841). Conference on Samoa in Berlin, April 29. Murder of Dr Cronin in Chicago by members of the Clan-na-Gael, May 4. Centennial celebration of the opening of the States General at Versailles, May 4. Opening of the Paris Exhibition, May 6. Death of Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne, May 9 (born, 1808). Great floods in Pennsylvania, about 10,000 lives lost, May 31. Delagoa Bay railway seized by Portugal, June 25. Arrival of the Shah of Persia at Gravesend, July 1. Defeat of dervishes at Arguin by Colonel Wodehouse, July 2. Marriage of the Princess Louise of Wales and the Duke of Fife, July 27. Visit of the German Emperor to Queen Victoria at Osborne, August 2. Rout of dervishes at Toski by General Grenfell, August 4. Mrs Maybrick convicted of poisoning her husband at Liverpool, August 7. Death of Signor Cairoli, Italian statesman, August 8 (born, 1826). Sentence of perpetual imprisonment passed upon General Boulanger by the Paris High Court, August 12. Great strike of London dock labourers, August 15 (ended September 16). French general election; Republican success, September 22. Death of Wilkie Collins, September 23 (born, 1824). Death of General Faidherbe, September 29 (born, 1818). Death of the King of Portugal, October 9 (born, 1838). Charter granted to the British South Africa Company, October 15. Visit of the German Emperor and Empress to Constantinople, November 2. Death of Lord Falmouth, November 6 (born, 1819). Forth Bridge completed, November 6. Revolution in Brazil; deposition of the Emperor, republic proclaimed, November 15. Anti-slavery Conference opened in Brussels, November 18. Close of the Parnell Commission, after sitting for 129 days, November 22. Arrival of Mr Stanley and Emin Pasha at Bagamoyo from Central Africa, December 4. Death of Jefferson Davis, December 6 (born, 1808). Death of Robert Browning, December 12 (born, 1812). Collapse of the Panama Canal Company, December 14. Death of Count Karolyi, December 26 (born, 1825). Disturbances in Crete. 1890. Death of Dr Döllinger, January 10 (born, 1799). British ultimatum respecting East Africa accepted by Portugal, January Death of Lord Napier of Magdala, January 14 (born, 1810). Death of Sir William Gull, January 29 (horn, 1816). Federation of shipowners formed, February 4. South Metropolitan Gas Company's strike ended, February 5. Parnell Commission report issued, February 13. Death of Count Julius Andrassy, February 18 (born, 1823). Forth Bridge opened, March 4. Resignation of Prince Bismarck, March 17. General von Caprivi appointed German Chancellor, March 19. Arrival of Mr H. M. Stanley in England from Africa, April 26. Return of Prince Albert Victor from India, May 2. Anglo-German agreement with reference to Africa and Heligoland signed in Berlin, July 1. Anti-Jewish edicts in Russia, July 25. Anglo-French Convention with refer

12.

ence to Africa, signed in Paris, August 5. Heligoland formally transferred to Germany, August 9. Death of Cardinal Newman, August 12 (born, 1801). Death of M. Chatrian, September 3 (born, 1826). Revolution in Manipur, September 21. M'Kinley Tariff Bill became law, October 1. Death of Sir Richard Burton, October 20 (born, 1821). Constitution of West Australia proclaimed, October 22. Financial crisis in London; suspension of Baring Brothers averted by the help of the Bank of England and leading financial houses, November 14, 15. Decree in the divorce suit of O'Shea v. O'Shea and Parnell, November 17. Judgment by the Archbishop of Canterbury in the Bishop of Lincoln's case, November 21. Death of King William III. of the Netherlands, November 23 (born, 1817). Letter from Mr Gladstone to Mr John Morley regarding Mr Parnell's leadership of the Irish party, November 24. Disruption of the Irish parliamentary party, December 6. Arrival of the Cesarevitch at Bombay, December 24. Death of Dr Schliemann, December 27 (born, 1822). Death of Octave Feuillet, December 29 (aged 70).

Australasian

Death of Dr

1891. Death of A. W. Kinglake, January 2 (aged 79). Naval revolt in Chile against President Balmaceda, January 7. Death of Charles Bradlaugh, January 27 (born, 1833). Death of Meissonier, January 31 (aged 75). Death of General Sherman, February 14 (born, 1820). Tokar captured by Egyptian troops, February 19. Successes of Chilian insurgents, February 15-20. Federal Convention at Sydney opened, March 2. Windthorst, March 14. Reverse to British troops in Manipur, March 25. Boer trek into Mashonaland stopped, April 22. Death of Field-Marshal Count von Moltke, April 24. Manipur occupied by British expedition, April 27. Death of Sir J. Macdonald, June 6 (born, 1815). Anglo-Portuguese treaty with reference to East Africa signed at Lisbon, June 11. Regent and Senaputty of Manipur found guilty of waging war against the Queen, June 20. Triple Alliance renewed for six years, June 28. Arrival of the German Emperor and Empress in England, July 4. Free Education Bill read a third time in the Commons, July 8. Visit of the French fleet to Kronstadt, July 23, Death of J. R. Lowell, August 12 (born, 1819). Execution of the Senaputty of Manipur, August 13. Arrival of French squadron at Spithead, August 19. Capture by Chilian insurgents of Valparaiso, August 27, and Santiago, August 31. Death of ex-President Grévy, September 9 (born, 1807). Suicide of ex-President Balmaceda, September 19. Suicide of General Boulanger, September 30 (born, 1837). Meeting of the National Liberal Federation at Newcastle-on-Tyne, October 1. Death of Mr W. H. Smith, October 6 (born, 1825). Death of Mr C. S. Parnell, October 6 (born, 1846). Mr A. J. Balfour becomes leader of the House of Commons, October 15. Severe earthquake in Japan, October 28. Death of the Earl of Lytton, November 24 (born, 1831). Mongolian rebels defeated by Chinese, December 5. Betrothal of the Duke of Clarence to Princess May of Teck announced, December 7.

1892. Death of the Khedive Tewfik, January 7 (born, 1852). Death of the Duke of Clarence, January 14 (born, 1864). Death of Cardinal Manning, January 14 (born, 1808). Death of Mr C. H. Spurgeon, January 31 (born, 1834). Death of Professor Freeman, March 16 (born, 1823). Death of Walt Whitman, March 26 (born, 1819). Bering Sea modus vivendi ratified, April 18. Ravachol, French dynamiter, condemned to penal servitude for life for murder and conspiracy, April 26. Terrible hurricane at Mauritius, April 29. Death of Lord Bramwell, May 9 (born, 1808). Irish Local Government Bill read a second time in the Commons, May 24 (abandoned, June 13). Durham miners' dispute settled after lasting ninety days, June 1. Ravachol sentenced to death for murder, June 23. British Parliament dissolved, June 28. Great fire at St Johns, Newfoundland, July 8. Execution of Ravachol, July 11. Archbishop of Canterbury's decision in Bishop of Lincoln's case upheld by the Privy Council, August 2. Meeting of Parliament, August 4. Defeat of Lord Salisbury, August 11, Mr Gladstone forming a Liberal administration. Death of J. G. Whittier, September 7 (born, 1807). Failure of companies connected with the Liberator Building Society, September 8. Behanzin, King of Dahomey, defeated by the French under Colonel Dodds, October 4. Death of Lord Tennyson, October 6 (born, 1809). Lancashire cotton strike, October 5. Cleveland, Democrat, elected President of the United States, October 8. Defeat of the French Ministry in connexion with the Panama scandals, November 21. Warrants issued for arrest of Panama directors, December 16. Death of Sir Richard Owen, December 18 (born, 1804).

Mr

1893. Khedive's anti-British Ministers dismissed, January 17. MM. Lesseps sentenced for Panama frauds by Court of Appeal, February 9. Home Rule Bill introduced in the Commons, February 13. Death of John Pettie, R. A., February 21 (born, 1839). Death of M. Taine, March 5 (born, 1828). Death of M. Jules Ferry, March 17 (born, 1832). Sir G. Portal's mission reaches Mengo (Uganda), March 17. Panama bribery trial concluded, March 21. Australian bank failures, April 4-May 9. Hull dock strike riots, April 5. Death of Lord Derby, April 11 (born, 1826).

Serious earthquake in Zante, April 17. Home Rule Bill passed second reading, April 21. Chicago World's Fair opened, May 1. Hull dock strike ended, May 19. Loss of H.M.S. Victoria, June 22. Nansen's Polar expedition started, June 24. Indian legislation fixing value of rupee, June 26. Death of Guy de Maupassant, July 4 (aged 43). Marriage of the Duke of York, July 6. French ultimatum to Siam, July 20. Great colliery strike began, July 28. French ultimatum accepted by Siam, August 1. Bering Sea award delivered, August 15. Duke of Edinburgh succeeded to duchy of Coburg, August 22. Home Rule Bill read a third time in the Commons, September 1. Featherstone strike riot, September 7. Home Rule Bill rejected by the Lords, September 8. War with the Matabele begun, October 2. Sir M. Durand's mission at Kabul, October. 2. Death of Ford Madox Brown, October 6 (born, 1821). Russian fleet at Toulon, October 13. Death of Marshal MacMahon, October 17 (born, 1808). Death of M. Gounod, October 18 (born, 1818). Decisive victory over the Matabele, November 2. Death of Peter Tschaikowsky, November 4 (aged 53). Coal strike ended, November 17. Death of Prince Alexander of Bulgaria, November 17 (born, 1857). Major Wilson and thirty-four men pursuing Lo-Bengula surrounded and killed on Shangani river, December 3. Death of John Tyndall, December 4 (born, 1820). Bomb outrage in French Chamber by Vaillant, December 9. Death of Benjamin Jowett, December 12 (born, 1817). Collision between British and French troops at Waima, West Africa, December 23. Matabeleland thrown open to prospectors, December 25. Rio bombarded by Brazilian rebels,

December 28.

1894. Manchester Ship Canal opened for traffic, January 1. Serious riots in Sicily, January 2. Death of M. Waddington, January 13 (born, 1826). Jabez Balfour arrested in Argentina, January 22. Death of Sir Gerald Portal, January 25 (born, 1858) Vaillant guillotined, February 5. Bomb outrage at Terminus Café, Paris, February 12. Anarchist killed in Greenwich Park by bomb explosion, February 15. Death of LoBengula, February 16. Resignation of Mr Gladstone, March 3, Lord Rosebery succeeding as Prime Minister. Bomb outrage at the Madeleine, Paris, March 15. Death of Louis Kossuth, March 20 (born, 1802). Bomb explosion at Café Foyot, Paris, April 4. Sir W. Harcourt's Budget introduced, April 16. Violent earthquakes in Greece, April 21-27. Mr Coxey, United States labour leader, arrested at Washington, May 2. Finance Bill second reading, May 10. Chicago railway strike begun, May 11. Bomb explosion in the Avenue Kléber, Paris, May 11.

19.

Coup d'Etat in Servia, May 20. Resignation of M. Stambuloff, May 29. Death of Lord Coleridge, June 14 (born, 1821). Attempt on Signor Crispi, June 16. British Protectorate of Uganda, June Prince Edward of York born, June 23. Death of Mme. Alboni, June 23 (born, 1828). President Carnot assassinated by Caserio, June 24 (born, 1837). Coal strike in Scotland, June 26. M. Casimir-Perier elected President of the French Republic, June 27. Brazil rebels finally defeated, June 27. Inter-Colonial Conference at Ottawa, June 28. Tower Bridge opened, June 30. United States railway strike ended, July 13. Death of Leconte de Lisle, July 17 (aged 75). Finance Bill third reading, July 17. Transport Kowshing sunk by Japanese, July 25. War against China declared by Japan, August 1. Discovery of gold at Coolgardie, August 9. Lord Rayleigh's paper on argon at the British Association, August 13. Caserio executed, August 16. New commercial treaty with Japan, August 25. Death of the Comte de Paris, September 8 (born, 1838). Death of Professor Helmholtz, September 8 (aged 73). Chinese 'defeated at Ping-yang (Korea) on land, and in the battle of the Yalu by sea, September 16. Death of Oliver Wendell Holmes, October 7 (born, 1809). Death of Earl Grey, October 9 (born, 1802). Death of J. A. Froude, October 20 (born, 1818). Scottish coal strike ended, October 22. Count von Caprivi resigned, October 26. Prince Hohenlohe appointed German Chancellor, October 30. Death of Tsar Alexander III., November 1 (born, 1845), succeeded by Nicholas II. Death of John Walter, of The Times, November 3 (born, 1818). Death of Anton Rubinstein, November 20 (born, 1829). Port Arthur captured by Japanese, November 21. Death of R. L. Stevenson, December 3 (born, 1850). Death of Ferdinand Lesseps, December 7 (born, 1805). Captain Dreyfus, of the French army, condemned for treason, December 22. Death of Christina Rossetti, December 29 (born, 1830). Plague epidemic in Hong-kong, May to August. Turkish outrages on Armenians in Sassun district.

1895. Captain Dreyfus degraded, January 4. President CasimirPerier resigns, January 15. M. Félix Faure elected President, January 17. Death of Lord Randolph Churchill, January 24 (born, 1849). Death of M. de Giers, Russian Chancellor, January 26 (born, 1820), succeeded by Prince Lobanof, February 27. Death of Marshal Canrobert, January 28 (born, 1809). Japanese naval victory off Wei-hai-wei, February 4. Death of Archduke Albrecht of Austria, February 18 (born, 1817). Mr Stokes, an Englishman, hanged in Congo State by order of Captain Lothaire,