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Miscellanea.

Already a stupendous International Exhibition at Berlin is talked of in three years, which will be quite time enough, all things considered, say we.

During the quarter just past there sailed from Liverpool 69 ships under the Act, conveying 13,994 emigrants, of whom 832 were cabin, and 13,162 steerage passengers. Of these 66 ships, with 829 cabin, and 12,859 steerage passengers were for the United States, the remainder for Victoria. Dar. At a meeting of the Western Union Telegraph ing the quarter there also sailed 61 short ships, directors, lately held at New York, it has been with 1,734 passengers, making the total emigration decided, in view of the successful working of the for the quarter 15,728, which is a decrease of 9,049 Atlantic cable, that it is not advisable to expend on the corresponding quarter of last year. The any more money on the Russian extension at pre-emigration during March was 6,8.8. sent. The distance across the Russian territory yet to be completed is about 3,000 miles.

A curious assertion has been made apropos of the new coinage for Belgium-namely, that it is laid down as a principle by medallists of the continent that no Sovereign who is not a founder of a dynasty has his head turned to the left on a coin.

Some very fine specimens of Madoc gold in quartz and sand, just taken from the mines, have been shown in Toronto as well as Kingston. Jewellers there, pronounce it superior in quality to either Californian or Australian gold.

The two Birmingham Gas Companies propose to reduce the price of gas, and the rates announced by the Birmingham and Staffordshire Gas Company are from 2s. 6d., 2s. 9d., and 3s., the present rates, to 28. 5d., 2s. 7d., and 2s. 9d.

At the meeting of the Society of Engineers, held on Monday last (W. H. Le Feuvre, Esq., President, in the chair), the following gentlemen were elected:-Honorary Members:-Sir John Herschel, Bart., F.R.S.; Sir David Brewster, K.H.,F.R.S.; G. B. Airy, F.R.S.; Lyon Playfair, F.R.S.; W. J. M. Rankine, F.R.S.; William Pole, F.R.S.; J. C. Adams, F.R.S.; R. Napier, M.I.C.E.; John Penn, F.R.S.; and Joseph Whitworth, F.R.S., Esqrs.; M. Eugene Flachat, and Herr F. Grashof. Members:-John C. Carruthers, William Naylor, Adam Dixon, and Alexander Chaplin, Esqrs, Foreign Members:-John Skwarcow, and David Magnus, Esqrs. Associates:-Thomas Allcock, and Thomas Hulburd, Esqrs.

sengers.

The patents for France, Belgium, and Holland, of the lubricating apparatus for the cylinders of locomotives and condensing engines, invented by the engine-driver Kessler, were lately sold at Frankfort for 50,000 francs.

At a recent special meeting of the Nottingham
invite the Royal Agricultural Society to hold
Town Council it was unanimously determined to
their meeting in the neighbourhood of that town in
the year 1868. Handsome subscriptions are already
promised, and Lord Middleton has offered to place
the society.
his extensive and beautiful park at the disposal of

that great success has attended the introduction of
Dr. T. Anderson has reported to Government
the mahogany tree into the Calcutta Botanical
duced in 1795 from Jamaica as young trees, were
Gardens. Several of the trees, originally intro-
destroyed in the cyclone of 1864, when they were
seventy-one years of age.
very large size, averaging from 12ft. in girth at 4ft.
They had attained a
above the ground. The wood is in great demand at
high prices in Calcutta. Dr. Anderson believes
that the mahogany tree might as easily be spread
over all parts of Bengal as the larch has been in
Britain.

A new method for manufacturing gas by intro ducing petroleum with lime water into the retorts when charged with coal, has been patented in America. It is claimed that the cost of the gas is 30 or 40 per cent. less than when made with coal only.

that have been sent from this country to the Paris It is reported that some of the hardware goods Exhibition have suffered considerable damage from the oxidising influence of the winterly weather that has prevailed since the cases in which they have been stored have been dispatched.

The London and North-Western Railway, having 1,319 miles open, carries 20,000,000 passengers a year; while the South-Eastern, on 330 miles, carries 17,000,000 passengers; the Brighton, on 300 miles, carries 16,700,000; the Great Northern, on 400 miles, carries 5,500,000; the Great Eastern, on 700 miles, carries 13,400,000; and the South- Newburg, Wisconsin, are now successfully turning The New York Glass Manufacturing Company of Western, on 503 miles, carries 10,000,000 pas-out quantities of glassware from rock, with the two peculiarities of unequalled toughness and unapproachable cheapness. This ore, which is really pure glass or silicate of iron, in a crystallised, and hence opaque condition, exists in many parts of the world, as in the columnar basaltic rock of the Palisades of the Hudson, of St. Helena, and of the famous Giant's Causeway. But all efforts to utilise it for the manufacture of glass have proved singuburn. This glass ore, or silicate of iron, is to be larly unsuccessful until the invention of Mr. Washfound in unlimited quantities on the shores of Lake Superior.

There is a project on foot for constructing a park at Washington, U.S., upon a plan which, to say the least, is quite novel. It is proposed to make a park which shall represent the United States in miniature, a proportionate portion being set apart for each state and territory, and the position of these parts to correspond with the actual location of the state and territories which they represent.

Raphael's picture of the preaching of St. John the Baptist has just been placed in the Louvre at Paris. The picture has a singular history. At one time it was sold to a dealer for 59 francs, and considered rather dear at the price. When it came into the possession of the French authorities it was reduced to the condition of a mere rag, but by the labour of M. Willens, a Belgian painter, it has at length been perfectly restored.

The Leeds Corporation have adopted a steam stone-breaking machine, which performs its work very well, and reduces the cost from 15d. per ton to 3d. or 4d. The machine breaks 100 tons of limestone per day. Labour is also saved in the carting of the stone, for it is discharged wholesale from the hopper of the machine, and fills a cart in six

minutes.

Mr. Peabody is pestered to death by people wanting money. He states that the number of begging letters is so great that it is impossible for him to read, answer, or open them. Mr. Peabody asks editors of newspapers to insert a caution to wouldbe applicants for money; and, as he is about to revisit England, it may be as well to state that one of his last acts, before leaving America, has been to make a bonfire of 4,000 of these begging epistles Knowing what an infliction useless correspondence is, we readily comply with Mr. Peabody's request. The preparations for the approaching show of the Royal Agricultural Society, at Bury St. Edmunds, are making active progress. The Great Eastern Railway Company have abont fifty men at work laying down additional sidings, and providing other accommodation. A loading dock is to be provided on the ground adjoining the rail. way, so that cattle, implements, &c,, may be delivered upon the show field. Near the centre of the ground, and along the line of a former footpath leading to the railway, the erection of a line of buildings has been commenced, the materials for which arrived shortly after the close of the Plymouth show, in 1865, and which have since been stowed away.

At the last general monthly meeting of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, held on Monday, April 1 (Wm. Spottiswoode, Esq., F.R.S., in the chair), Charles John Leaf, Esq., John Neal, Esq., and Evan Wynne Roberts, Esq., were elected Members of the Institution.

We notice that an invention, designed as a protection to a fireman on his entrance into Quebec. It consists of a finely-perforated brass a burning room, has recently been tested in ball,attached to the inner extremity of the brass nozzle of the hose, which acts as a powerful rosette, throwing a heavy spray upon his person, while he is directing the main stream upon the fire before him, thus smothering the flames all around the holder's person.

At the monthly ballot of the Institution of Civil Engineers, the following candidates were balloted for and duly elected:-As members-Mr. C. N. Bell, Dennis, Mr. John Marley, Mr. William Martley. Mr. J. F. Bourne, Mr. J. E. Boyd, Mr. William Ag Associates-Mr.T. C. Clarke, Mr. William Donaldson, M.A,, Mr. William Hartree, Mr. H. G. Hulbert, Mr. Thomas Jackson, jun., Mr. E. D. Mathews, Mr. H. B. Rotton, Mr. Peter Thomson, Mr. T. A. Walker, and Mr. J. W. Watson.

Patents for Inventions.

ABRIDGED SPECIFICATIONS OF

PATENTS.

THE Abridged Specifications of Patents given below are classified, according to the subjects to which the respective of classification adopted, the numerical and chronological inventions refer, in the following Table. By the system order of the specifications is preserved, and combined with all the advantages of a division into classes. It should be understood thatthese abridgements are prepared exclusively for this Magazine from official copies supplied by the Government, and are therefore the property of the Proprietors of this Magazine. Other papers are hereby

warned not to produce them without an acknowledge

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CHEMISTRY AND PHOTOGRAPHY-2362
CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL, including agricultural imple-
ments and machines,-2304, 2348, 2858
ELECTRICAL APPARATUS,-2285, 2329

FIBROUS FABRICS, including machinery for treating fibres, pulp, paper, &c.,-2290, 2292, 2297, 2308, 2324, 2347, 2350, 2351, 2352

FOOD AND BEVERAGES, Including apparatus for preparing food for men and animals,-2298 FURNITURE AND APPAREL, including household utensils, time-keepers, jewellery, musical instruments, &c.,GENERAL MACHINERY,-2300, 2303, 2306, 2311, 2312, 2313, 2299, 2310, 2321, 2322, 2335, 2343, 2354, 2361

2316, 2319, 2325, 2333, 2316, 2340, 2344, 2345, 2363

2349, 2355, 2357

LIGHTING, HEATING, AND VENTILATING,-2291, 2301, 2318, METALS, including apparatus for their manufacture,—

2341

MISCELLANEOUS,-2305, 2309, 2331, 2359

ROADS AND VEHICLES, including railway plant and car.

riages, saddlery, and harness, &c.,-2286, 2295, 2302,

2342

SHIPS AND BOATS, including their fittings,-2294, 2327,
WARFARE,-2287, 2293, 2304, 2326, 2328, 2337, 2338
STEAM ENGINES,-2288, 2295, 2317, 2320, 2353
2356, 2360

2285 A. V. NEWTON. Improvements in the construction of electric clocks, and in the means employed in working the same. (A communication.) Dated September 5, 1866. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

2286 J. EDWARDS. Improvements in the permanent way of railways. Dated September 6, 1866.

Provisional protection has not been granted for this invention.

2287 W. P. BARDELL and W. POWELL. Improvements in

gun and pistol locks. Dated September 6, 1866. tion of the parts of gun and pistol locks, whereby the cock This invention consists of the arrangement or combinaor hammer, after it has struck the percussion cap on the nipple, or the striker in case of a central fire or needle gun or pistol, and discharged the gun or pistol, returns to half

cock, and only requires to be raised to full cock by the hand prior to the next discharge of the gun or pistol. Patent completed.

Dated September 6, 1866. 2288 W. CUTHBERT. Improvements in steam whistles.

the bell, and through the tongue, a rod, the lower end of This invention consists in carrying through the crown of which carries a valve which is kept raised either by a spring tends a short distance above the crown of the bell, and a or by the pressure of the steam; the upper end of the rod exlever-which is hinged to a protection attached to the nut

When it is required to sound the whistle, this lever is on the crown or otherwise-bears upon the top of the rod. pressed down by hand or otherwise, so as to force down the rod and thereby open the valve; the steam is thus allowed to escape through the ordinary apertures and sound the whistle. The invention further consists in a method of constructing a double toned whistle. Patent completed.

guard coverings of gill boxes for the preparing and draw2289 P. SMITH. Improvements in the making of wool ing of wool, silk, mohair, and other fibrous substances. Dated September 6, 1866.

guard or wool guard covering with a joint or hinge, so that it can be raised up in the manner of a lid without any unscrewing, and can be as easily reclosed. The shape of the guard will be slightly altered to admit of its working upon the joint or hinge. Patent abandoned.

This invention consists in the manufacture of the back

2290 W. SELBY. Improvements in the manufacture of ornamental lace in twist lace machines. Dated September

6, 1866.

The analysis of the Loch Katrine water supplied to Glasgow shows 03 deg. of hardness; in London that of the New River Company shows 16'8 deg.; of the Kent Company 20 deg.; of the other companies, intermediate degrees, never ranging higher than For the purposes of this invention ordinary warp 19'4 deg. The Registrar-General states the im- threads and extra warp threads are used, and different purities in the rivers and other sources of the Lon- meshings and weavings are formed; one sort of meshing or don supply are gradually decomposed; and al weaving is produced by the twisting and weaving of the though the original quantity of sewage or its equi- ordinary warp threads with their hobbin or carriage valent was considerable, in nearlyall cases it is satis-duced in other parts or localities in the same laces by the factory to find that in the last month this matter converted into comparatively harmless compounds.

According to a return furnished by the Engineer of the Metropolitan Board of Works, the average daily quantity of sewage pumped into the River Thames at the Southern Outfall Works, Crossness, was 50,150,783 gallons, or 227,654 cubic metres, equivalent to about as many tons by weight. We may add that a cubic metre is equal in volume to 35'3174 cubic feet, or to 220'0967 imperial gallons. It is nearly equivalent to the old English tun of four hogsheads, holding 35 248 cubic feet. It is in general use on the continent, and is a much better unit for measuring sewage or water supply than the gallon.

threads, and another sort of meshing or weaving is pro

twisting of the extra warp threads with the bobbin or carriage threads. Patent completed.

2291 G. PIMM.

Dated September 6, 1866.
Improvements in ovens for baking.

In performing this invention the inventor forms the oven of an iron casing lined with firebricks or tiles, and below tubing, in which are numerous small perforations at the bottom of this oven he places horizontal rows of gas which the gas is burnt. The oven is enclosed within another larger chamber, by preference of brick, in such manner as to leave a hollow space all around the oven, except at one of its ends, where the oven is provided with a door. The space around the oven he divides into flues or passages arranged in such manner as to cause the

heated air from the burners to pass all around the oven by passing successively through these passages. Patest aban

doned.

2292 J. BULLOUGH. Improvements in looms for weaving. Dated September 6, 1866.

This invention consists in various improved contrivances and arrangements of mechanism for enabling a shuttle in which the weft is broken or absent to be changed for another shuttle having weft, without stopping the loom, and so on continuously as long as the loom is at work, or until any given number of shuttles is exhausted. The invention cannot be described without reference to the drawings. Patent completed.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed,

2303 A. MACKIE. Certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for “composing," or "setting" type. Dated September 7, 1866.

The present improvements (which relate to a former patent granted to the present patentee) consist in the use of an inclined channel or trough supplying and terminating at its lower end in the "composing stick," which is lowered to receive each successive type as described in the specification of the patentee above referred to, or by analogous means. Patent completed.

therewith. 1866.

(A communication.)

2293 G. V. FOSBERY. Improvements in the lock and 2304 C. E. BROOMAN. Improvements in breechloading other parts of breechlouding firearms, and in cartridges and firearms, and in the manufacture of cartridges to be used projectiles for the same. Dated September 6, 1866. Dated September 7, This invention was described and illustrated in page 148 of the present volume of this journal. Patent completed. 2305 W. F. B. KLEIN. Improvements in the construction of roller skates. (A communication.) Dated September 7, 1866. We cannot here give space to the details of this inven

2294 T. BERNEY. Improvements in the construction of ships and other vessels. Dated September 6, 1866. This invention consists in forming longitudinal stringers, and also ribs and keels and stems of vessels, and other parts of vessels, of lattice beams and girders. Patent completed.

2295 A. H. HART. Improvements in apparatus for signalling on railway trains, and for other like purposes. Dated September 7, 1866.

We cannot here give space to the details of this invention. Patent completed.

2296 O. D. ABEL. Improvements in slide valves for steam engines. (A communication.) Dated September 7, 1866. This invention bas reference to the mode of relieving the slide valves of steam engines of pressure by the application of packing rings fitted to the valves, which prevent the pressure of the steam from being exerted upon the surfaces of the valve and valve box enclosed thereby. The invention consists in certain improved arrangements whereby a more perfect steamtight contact between the packing and the valve and valve box than heretofore is effected, by means of the pressure of the steam in the valve box, and whereby the valve may rise from its seat in case circumstances require it to do so. The invention cannot be described without reference to the drawings. Patent completed.

2297 J. and J. W. ASQUITH. Improvements in machinery for cross raising the pile or nap of woollen and other cloths or fabrics, &c. Dated September 7, 1866.

This invention consists in employing, in combination with a cross-raising cylinder or cylinders, an arrangement of endless chains provided with spikes or pricks for giving motion to the cloth and stretching the same across the bed or table parallel to the axis upon which the raising cylinder revolves, shifting tappets together with motion gear direct from the machinery being employed for tightening or releasing the said cloth from the chains, as required. Secondly, in employing in cross-cutting or Lewis machines endless chains with spikes or pricks as aforesaid for drawing the cloth forward to the cutter (in place of the old system of books worked by hand), provided with chain boxes in connection with expansion rollers for regulating the said chains to the required width of the cloth to be cut. The action in either case is as follows:-Upon giving motion to the machinery the cloth is first brought forward by the chains (being pressed upon the pricks by brushes); it is then tightened from list to list, aud cross-raised or cut, and so on in like manner until the whole of the said cloth has been passed or transferred from the supply to the receiving roller. Patent completed.

2298 J. SCHNEIDER. A process of making improved beer and ale. Dated September 7, 1866.

This invention consists in placing a'quantity of hops in an air-tight vessel, and extracting from the hops the flavouring principle or lupulin by means of boiling unfermented beer or ale, which the patentee pours on to and filters through the mass of hops. He afterwards runs the liquid through a worm or refrigerator, and mixes the said extract or essence of hops in due proportions with ordinary beer or ale. Patent completed.

2299 J. H. JOHNSON. Improvements in hats or coverings for the head, parts of which improvements are applicable to parasols and fans. (A communication.) Dated September 7, 1866.

This invention consists in forming and holding in shape hats, caps, parasols, and fans made of any light textile fabrics, such as silk, linen, cotton, or woollen stuff by means of elastic boops or forms, or frames of metal, whalebone, rattan, or other suitable material, over which the hat, fan, or parasol wrappers or covers are stretched by tightening the draw case and strings with which they are provided. It also consists in the improved construction of the sweat band lining and other parts which enter into the composition of a hat, so that they can be readily adjusted to or detached from the hat, the object being to produce a hat or other article as specified, the parts of which can be detached from each other, so as to admit of the wrapper being washed whenever it becomes soiled or defaced in any way, and in which wrappers of different textures, colours, and patterns may be employed with the same hoop or frame to suit the season or taste of the wearer. Patent completed.

2300 J. LOCHHEAD. Improvements in the arrangement and construction of machinery or apparatus for sawing timber. Dated September 7, 1866.

This invention consiscs in applying additional guides or steady pins to the top of circular saws, in order to control and prevent vibration or warp in the revolution of the saw or saws during the process of cutting timber. Patent abandoned.

2301 C. DEFRIES. An improved float light. Dated September 7, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

2302 J. and W. KITCHEN and S. SAMUELS. An improved railway brake. Dated September 7, 1866.

This invention is designed for the purpose of actuating the brakes of railway carriages by the direct action of steam; also for placing them solely under the control and management of the engineer. And the improvements consist in the employment of a steam cylinder conveniently placed on the "tender" of the engine, the piston rod of which is in direct connection with the brakes of the carriages, through the medium of connecting bars or rods specially arranged, Patent abandoned.

tion. Patent abandoned.

2306 E. T. HUGHES. Improvements in water power engines. (A communication.) Dated September 8, 1866. In performing this invention the inventor uses a rotary valve having a partition which commands the ports which lead to each end of the cylinder, and connects them alternately with the feed pipe and the exhaust, the said partition being placed a suitable distance from the axis of the valve, so as to permit the introduction or use of certain chambers for the purpose of counteracting a portion of the pressure of the water from the feed pipe on the said partition, whereby the friction of the ends of the said partition on the valve seat is greatly reduced, and the valve is much more easily operated. We cannot here quote the whole of the details of the invention. Patent completed. 2307 M. TOSSELL. A new or improved chimney cowl or ventilator. Dated September 8, 1866. invention, Provisional protection has not been granted for this

2308 C. CATLOW. Improvements in looms for weaving. Dated September 8, 1866.

This invention relates, first, to further improvements in the taking-up motion, for which letters patent were granted to W. Hudson, C. Catlow, and J. Dodgeon, in the year 1863 (No. 1994), and consists in the use and employment of a rod or tension roller extending along the periphery of the emery roller, and attached by a link or connecting rod at each end to the shaft of the cloth roller, the cloth passing over and under the tension roller and on the emery roller, from thence to the cloth roller. As the cloth roller increases in diameter, the links or connecting rods which support the friction roller allow the said roller to descend on the periphery of the emery roller, thus maintaining a uniform tension or drag on the cloth at the varying diameter of the cloth roller; second, the improvements relate to the use and employment of weights or springs applied to the friction or drag rollers of the delivery motion (delivery of yarn from the beam), the friction of the warp actuating the said rollers, instead of actuating such rollers by means of gearing, as heretofore; third, in the application and use of a bell crank lever and cords for the purpose of obtaining the necessary drag on the warp. arm of the said lever (which lever works on a stud) is a cord passed over a pulley and attached to one end of the warp beam; to the other arm of the said lever is attached a weighted rod or bar, and the patentee thus obtains an equal weight or drag on each end of the warp beam. This arrangement is applicable to existing looms. Patent completed.

From one

2309 A. F. CHAPPLE. Improvements in ink supplying penholders. Dated September 8, 1866. This invention consists in attaching to one end of a hollow holder a metal frame or plate, the outer end of which receives a nib or pen in a slide provided for the same. This plate is made in two parts hinged together, the forward part being loose, and the inner secured to the holder, a spring above keeping the parts together. Depending from the forward part of the frame is a metal valve, working in a sheath or guide, which closes the end of the hollow handle. Ink is placed in the hollow handle, which may be enamelled to prevent corrosion, or be made of a non-corrosive material, and the end is secured by a strong screw to prevent any escape of the ink therefrom. The pen is supplied with ink by increasing the pressure on the paper, whereby the spring slightly yields, the forward part of the frame rises, and with it the valve, and ink flows into a reservoir leading to the nib; on reducing the pressure the spring immediately closes the valve, and no ink can pass until the pressure is again increased. When the apparatus is not in use, the forward part of the frame is prevented from rising by accident or otherwise by forming a slot therein into which a stud on the holder takes. The inventor fits the apparatus in a case, which may contain a brush to clean the ink holder, and a case for nibs or other requisites. Patent abandoned.

2310 C. F. ALLBON. An improvement in boots and shoes. Dated September 8, 1866.

This invention relates to the manufacture of boots and shoes with flexible soles, and consists in inserting hetween textile fabric, and stitching or riveting the same together each piece of leather composing the sole a piece or pieces of in the ordinary way. Patent abandoned.

2311 C. HODGSON and J. W. STEAD. weighing machines and indicators.

1866.

Improvements in Dated September 8,

We cannot here give space to the details of this invention. Putent completed.

2312 C. E. BROOMAN. A new or improved cup or apparatus for containing and supplying oil for lubricating purposes. (A communication.) Dated September 8, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

2313 J. SILVESTER. Improvements in the manufacture of the handles of sad irons and other smoothing and tailors' and hatters' irons. Dated September 8, 1866.

The patentee claims making the grips and sides of the said handles from sheet and bar iron, by cutting out blanks and raising or shaping the said blanks into the required form, and afterwards joining the parts together by riveting, or by riveting and brazing, or making the grips of the handles from welded or brazed or open jointed pieces of tubing, and fixing them to the sides by brazing or riveting, as described. Patent completed.

2314 C. T. BURGESS. Improvements in reaping machines, Dated September 8, 1866.

The patentee claims, first, the so arranging the delivery rake (or, it may be, rakes) of reaping machines that it shall, as it is moved back over the platform, remain parallel with the finger team at the same time that it is moved endwise towards the draught side of the machines, as described. Second, the carrying the delivery rake or rakes by arms which are inclined to the shaft of the reel, and which are caused to vary their angle to the shaft, as described. Third, the arrangement of mechanism described for keeping the rake in a vertical position, or nearly so, as it passes over and rises up from the platform, as described. Lastly, the arrangement of mechanism described for adjusting the distance of some or all of the beaters of the reel of a reaping machine from their axes, as described. Patent completed.

2315 F. WARNER, W. STEWART, and G. W. BARBER.

Improvements in waterclosets, and in valves and regulating apparatus for the same, and other purposes. Dated September 8, 1866.

In constructing waterclosets according to this invention the patentees employ, as heretofore, an S trap, and they arrange the pan to communicate with the ascending limb thereof both by a side opening to which a flat valve is fitted, and also by an overflow passage, which is provided to prevent too large a quantity of water being retained in the pan. This overflow passage opens into the ascending limb of the trap at a point above the valve before mentioned. All these parts may be made in one piece of earthenware or of cast iron, or the pan may be made separately and cemented into a socket. The invention cannot be described without reference to the drawings. Patent completed.

2316 W. CLARK. Improvements in leather and in machines for manufacturing the same. (A communication.) Dated September 8, 1866.

The principal object of this invention is to prevent the rapid wear of leather, and is more especially applicable to soles of boots and shoes, and for this purpose it consists in piercing the leather or soles with a series of steel or other suitable metal wire or pins, arranged at any desired distance apart, according as the case may require. This invention also relates to a machine to be used for the piercing of leather and inserting steel or other wires, as above stated, which machine consists in a novel arrangement of devices whereby the leather, while being fed through the machine, is first acted upon by a suitable piereing awl or tool, and then by a die suitable for forcing the wire therein, which awl and die are brought to bear at the proper times against the leather. Patent completed.

2317 W. FRANKLAND. Improvements in apparatus for lubricating the valves, pistons, cylinders, and all internal parts of steam engines where the steam has acoess. Dated September 10, 1866.

This invention consists in the use of a ram or force pump which forces tallow into the steam pipe or steam chest at each stroke of the engine. The quantity of tallow forced into the steam is increased or diminished, or totally shut off, at the option of the engineer, by means of a steam tight tap, which regulates the supply of tallow, and an overflow valve which disposes of that portion of the tallow which has been received into the ram chamber, but not forced into the steam. Patent abandoned.

Improve

2318 W. VINCENT and G. R. WESTCOTT. ments in apparatus for lighting the floats of lights in theatres and other places. Dated September 10, 1866.

In carrying out these improvements a lamp is provided having lugs or guides fitted at any convenient part; these lugs or guides may be fitted with small wheels, which are made to correspond in size with two rails or it may be lengths of wire strained parallel to the float of lights. At each end of the ails a pulley is fitted, round which an endless band or strap passes, and at any convenient part of which the lamp is fixed, so that, by these means, the lamp is made to travel from one end to the other, lighting the gas in its transit. Patent abandoned,

2319 A. V. NEWTON. Improvements in the manufacture of seamless metallic tubes. (A communication.) Dated September 10, 1866.

This invention relates to the manufacture of metallic tubes having no longitudinal seam or joint to be brazed or welded, and the nature of the invention consists in, first. forming a hollow casting of any ductile metal or alloy, or hollow figure or cylinder of laminated metal of which it is desired to form the tube, and then fitting within the same (either by casting or otherwise) a core composed of any suitable ductile metal, alloy, or compound of sufficient rigidity to form a mandrel, but capable of being more readily fused or inquified by chemical agents than the material which is used for forming the tube, and afterwards rolling the combined mass to the required length and diameter, or either; and, finally, melting or otherwise liquifying and running off the core to form the tube, which may be subsequently finished or dressed. Patent abandoned.

2320 C. BATHOR. A new or improved composition to be employed in architectural mouldings, and for other useful incorporated with plaster of Paris, chalk, or other form and decorative purposes. Dated September 10, 1866. This composition consists of ordinary putty mixed and

of lime, meerschaum, steatite or talc, and metallic oxides combined in a powdered state with boiled linseed oil. This composition is highly applicable to the mouldings of picture frames, and may be employed for many other useful and decorative purposes, such as for turned balcony and other pillars or columns, and all purposes for which marble, serpentine, and scagliola have hitherto been used. Putent abandoned.

2321 C. F. DE GAUDEL. Making boot legs of one piece. Dated September 10, 1866.

The difference between this improved method of making boot legs and the one hitherto adopted is as follows:Hitherto a piece of leather has been bent or shaped representing either only the front of the leg or the riding boot leg, without the fore part of the foot; whereas, by increas ing the breadth of the jacking block, the inventor obtains the formation of the leg in one piece, the foot included, and which is joined by a single seam placed, by preference,

at the back. Patent abandoned:

2322 W. E. GEDGE. An improved manufacture of studs, buttons, ornamental plates, and other analogous articles

with two or several shanks or metal fastening rings or
prongs. (A communication.) Dated September 10, 1866.
The lower metal plate of a stud made or constructed
according to this invention is pierced with two holes to
receive the prongs of a metal bent fork, then the two pieces
(the plate and the fork) are introduced and fitted into the
cap of the said stud, and thus combined are submitted to
a strong pressure, which attaches them together, at the
same time giving to the cap any desired impression, as well
as the size and shape required. The fork may be of round,
angular, or flat wire, and even of bands more or less wide,
according to requirement. To fix this stud on a piece of
saddlery, the two shanks or prongs of the fork, instead of
spreading apart to their respective sides, cross each other,
and form (being afterwards flattened)
knot, which will resist any traction to which the stud may
a sort of
be submitted, and does not permit the shanks to rise again,
and, consequently, prevents the loss of the stud. The
buttons, studs, or ornaments may be made either of rolled,
cast, or wrought metal, or of any hard material, such as
horn, ivory, gutta-percha, wood, or hardened india-rubber.
Patent abandoned.

2323 W. E. GEDGE. Improvements in the manufacture of calcareous bricks or artificial stones. (A communication.) Dated September 10, 1866.

These calcareous bricks or stones are materials of variable dimensions, the basis of which is lime and sand, with the addition of the detritus or waste of other materials, such as stone or brick. They are made on the spot, of any dimensions, in blocks of any shape, hollow or solid, for walls, partitions, vaulted roofs, and other constructions; they may be matched according to plan, bear rabbets or moulding, and, by means of ochre, receive any required colour. The said calcareous bricks or stones are manufactured by the two processes described in the specification, the details of which we cannot produce here. Patent abandoned.

2324 P. J. RAILTON and D. WALTON. Improved machinery for twisting into bands, cotton, linen, woollen, silk, hemp, or wire. Dated September 10, 1866.

In performing this invention the inventors make a square frame of wood or metal, in the front of which they place any number of flyers or spindles, under which is a bobbin, and below which is a traverse: at the back of such frame is a less number of flyers cr spindles for completing the band, the number of each being regulated by the number of strands required in the band. In the centre of the frame they fix a drum for driving; and on the side of the frame is a cain, which acts upon a lever underneath; at each end of such lever is a chain, which is connected to the traverse above; and in the centre of the front and back spindles or flyers is a pair of rollers, through which the threads pass from front to back; these rollers are worked by a pair of speed pulleys, and in the centre of each fly or spindle is a band running on each roller through the guide fixed in the

middle of the frame to the rollers at the back. The action is as follows:-The inventors take any number of strands from the hobbins in front, thence through the flyers or spindles through guides in the middle of the frame to the centra roller at back, thence through the back flyer or spindle to the bobbin below; the front spindles will run in an opposite direction to the back spindles. Thus it will be seen that the strands and bands are twisted at one and the same time without changing. Patent abandoned.

2325 E. FITZHENRY. A new and useful machine which may be employed for scouring, sleeking, or setting hides or leather, Dated September 10, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

2326 E. HARLOW. Improvements in breechloading firearms, and in revolving firearms, and in cartridges for the said firearms. Dated September 10, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings, Patent completed.

2330 R. BENNETT. New or improved modes of obtaining and transmitting motive power, and in the machinery or apparatus employed therefor. Dated September 10, 1866. The essential feature for this invention consists in alternately increasing and diminishing the area of the piston and cylinder, or pistons and cylinders or acting surfaces at the ends of their strokes (or at the time the crank is turning the two "dead" centres in a line with the axis of the moving piston or cylinder), so as to act upon and move tionally greater force in the direction of motion than in the the actuating surfaces for the time being with a proporreverse direction, equal to the said difference made or caused in the area of the actuating surfaces and the pressure of steam acting thereon above that of the atmosphere, and by this means keeping the direct pressure of the steam or cylinder or cylinders, as the case may be, without any great other fluid power employed constantly acting within the or essential escape of the acting fluid or heat therefrom. Patent abandoned.

2331 W. OLLEY. Improvements in apparatus for separating animal and vegetable matters from water and other liquids. Dated September 11, 1866.

a

This invention consists in the use of an apparatus com-
posed of an outer globe or case and an inner globe or bag,
through which the water or other liquid is passed from the
cask or vessel in which it is contained to any required re-
either of india-rubber or thin sheet iron, zino, or other
ceptacle. The outer globe or case is or may be composed
metal, according to the purpose for which it is required;
tap or pipe, or other means of communication leadin
and it is formed with a neck at the upper part to receive
from the cistern, water-butt, cask, or vessel containing the
liquid to any required receptacle for the cleansed water o
posed of horsehair, wire gauze, or similar material, and it
other liquid. The inner globe or bag is or may be com
is sewn or otherwise fastened at the upper open part to th
interior of the outer globe or case, so as to form a sepa
rating bag within the same for intercepting and sepa
liquid passed through it. Patent abandoned.
rating insects or vegetable matters from the water or other

[blocks in formation]

applicable to marine steam boilers. (A communication.)
2339 G. T. BOUSFIELD.
Dated September 11, 1866.

Patent abandoned.
This invention is not described apart from the drawings.

2340 W. E. GEDGE. An improved indicator or register, (A communication.) Dated September 12, 1866.

This

improved indicator or register is applicable to all vehicles and machinery susceptible of a greater or lesser number of revolutions in a given time. This indicator may be constructed as follows:-A box in which is fitted a bellows is fixed on to the axle of a vehicle (or on receives an impulsion by means of the spindle fixed in the wheel, or of the flywheel, the little shaft of the bellows the frame of a machine), and at each revolution of the wheel, and thus puts in motion a column of air communicating with the indicator, and thereby sets its wheelwork in motion. Patent completed.

2341 B. LIETAR. Welding iron upon iron, steel upon steel and iron upon steel. Dated September 12, 1866.

The objects of this invention are effected by the employ. ment of the following composition:-1 kilogramme filings of iron or steel, 100 grammes salt of ammoniac, 60 grammes to fine powder. For an ordinary soider, one of the pieces copaiba. The inventor calcines the whole, and reduces it of borax, and 50 grammes of balsam of copaiva or of iron or steel is heated to a red beat, and after the part to be soldered has been carefully cleaned with a file or wire brush, the composition is spread upon it, and the second epiece at a white heat is immediately placed upon it, and the two welded together. Patent abandoned.

2342 J. WILLIAMS. Improvements in two-wheeled earriages. Dated September 12, 1866.

the said carriages independently of those on the other side, The patentee claims constructing the seats on one side of and making the said seats capable of sliding in the direc tion of the length of the carriage, so that the carriage may 2332 T. BALDWIN. Improvements in steam boilers, and persons, the seats being so arranged as to allow the occu be balanced whether occupied by one, two, three, or four in apparatus connected therewith. Dated September 11,

1866.

This invention is intended to obviate the use of large
valves, heavy weights, and strong springs, and consists in
making the surface of the valve and its seat a curve
varying in breadth and curvature, as may be required.
The invention cannot be described without reference to the
drawings. Patent completed.

for measuring and indicating the quantity of liquid drawn
2333 R. A. HARDCASTLE. Improvements in apparatus
off thereby. Dated September 11, 1866.

This invention consists in the interposition of a cistern
vessel of supply the liquid to be measured. The number of
or tank of known capacity which first receives from the
times this cistern or tank is replenished is registered, and
it then remains at the option of the operator how much or
how little of the contents of this cistern are drawn off at
each manipulation. Connected with this tank or cistern
is a cock or other suitable contrivance, arranged so that
the cistern can only be filled when the exit from the
cistern is closed, nor be filled or even partially filled with-
out being registered, and can never receive an addition of
liquid while being emptied. A small air valve attached to
the cistern allows the inlet and exit of the liquid. This
can be used if required as a float for allowing the height of
the liquor in the measuring cistern to be ascertained.
When a cock is used, it can be so constructed that the
inlet and exit to and from the measuring cistern may be in
the same plug; or two plugs may be employed; or a coek
and valve actuated by the same handle. These openings in
the cock or cocks, or cock and valve, are to be so made
that they fill the cistern at one part of their revolution,

pants to seat themselves in a great variety of ways. Patent completed.

2343 J. P. BRIGHT. An improvement or improvements in manufacturing, decorating, and ornamenting articles of furniture. Dated September 12, 1866.

This invention consists in the employment of porcelain, earthenware, slate, glass, iron, tin, zinc, bone, and ivory for the purpose of manufacturing, decorating, and ornamenting furniture. As applied to dressing glasses, chimney or pier glasses, and picture frames, the patentee proceeds in the following manner:-For a dressing glass he it in a frame to form the support or rest for the standards the above materials may be used, and inserts or lays takes a plate of porcelain, for example, or either of of the glass. designs in colour or otherwise, as is well known. Patent The porcelain may be ornamented with completed.

2344 M. J. HAINES. Improvements in leather straps or driving bands. Dated September 12, 1866. pieces of leather which it is desired to unite are cut with In performing this invention, the respective ends of the tongues and corresponding recesses of a deep vandyke or V form, the number of tongues and recesses being determined by the width of the leather. The respective tongues and recesses are so proportioned that they will fit accurately into each other, the surfaces being perfectly smooth and level. The several edges of the tongues and recesses are then secured to each other by sewing the same together with a thread or threads of any suitable material, the stitches being made in the thickness of the leather, and not passing through from, one side thereof to the other. A tongues and recesses to receive the stitches, in order that the thread or threads employed may not project above the surface of the strap or band. Patent abandoned.

2327 W. J. CURTIS. Improved apparatus for steering and empty the same at another part. The covers of the slight channel is cut parallel to the edges of the respective

steam vessels. Dated September 10, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings Patent completed.

2328 R. A. E. SCOTT. Improvements in gun carriages, and in the mode of elevating and depressing guns. Dated September 10, 1866.

cock, plugs, or other contrivances are so arranged that both
operations cannot be simultaneously carried on, and
catches, springs, or other means are so arranged as to pre-
vent the attendant from filling the cistern without registra-
tion, but at the same time allow the liquor to be drawn
from the cistern in any convenient quantity.

Patent com

2334 F. A. PAGET. Improvements in the connecting parts of machinery and structures liable to impulsive forces. Dated September 11, 1866.

The object of this invention is to obtain very great ele-pleted. vation and depression with guns of ships and forts, or to use smaller ports, openings, or embrasures, and obtain the usual elevation and depression without losing the horizontal or nearly horizontal fire, in the event of the special elevating and depressing machinery or gear being damaged or carried away. This is effected by means of an inner carriage pivoted upon a strong bolt or fastening on the front of an outer carriage. This inner carriage may be of a single plate, or of the box girder construction, and may have a rack on its rear end, into which rack a pinion with suitable gearing will work to elevate or depress the rear of the inner carriage, and by this means raise or lower the gun. The inner carriage may be secured to the outer one (when firing) by means of powerful clamps or compressors, by which the strain and jar will be taken from the elevating machinery. The invention relates, secondly, to a plan of carriage or double carriage in which the centre portion or centre carriage is secured by strong transoms running across it, and is raised or lowered by means of powerful screws, or other suitable means, worked either at the sides or at the rear of the carriage. The invention further consists in using the levers (which are employed for working the eccentrics and lifting gun-carriages and slides when working them) for the purpose of catching the chains or other running in and out gear, and temporarily fastening the carriage to them. The teeth used in this case are to be thrust through the links of the chain and held down by means of levers or other equivalent mechanism which will lift up the teeth. Patent abandoned.

2329 J. H. JOHNSON. Improvements in electric telegraph conductors. (A communication.) Dated September 10,

1866.

The essential feature of this invention consists in the manufacture of electric telegraph conductors by braidings or interlacing in lieu of twisting together any desired number of wires, made either of the same metal or of two or more dissimilar metals, such, for example, as iron or steel, and copper. The iron or steel, although not such good conductors as the copper, tend greatly to increase the tensile strength of the cable. Two or more of these braided conductors may be combined together to form a submarine cable, each conductor being separately insulated, and the cable then made up of a series of such braided conductora bound or held together in any convenient manner. Patent abandoned.

2345 S. WOODALL and J. M. VAN WINKLE. An improved mode of and means for uniting and securing the ends of bands or hoops designed for baling cotton, wool, and other substances. Dated September 12, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

sanitary purposes. Dated September 12, 1866.
2346 T. WHEELHOUSE, Improvements in apparatus fer

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

paper making and other purposes. Dated September 12,

1866.

chinery and structures, when subjected to impulsive forces,
The connecting parts, such as bolts and rivets, of ma-
are peculiarly liable to fracture. The inventor obviates
this danger by causing the given impulsive force to act
through a certain distance, which he effects by so propor-machinery for cutting rags, ropes, and other articles for
2347 E. H. AYDON and E. Pocock. Improvements in
tioning the connecting part or parts, and (or) by so adjust.
ing certain contrivances described in the letters patent
granted to him on May 29, 1865, that such connecting part
or parts can stretch and (or) yield in the direction of the
impulsive strain or strains. By this greater extension,
according to known principles, less substance is required
in the given connecting part to resist distortion and rup-
ture. The way in which an ordinary screwed bolt is pro-
portioned renders it peculiarly liable to snap at its screwed
end under the action of an impulsive force acting parallel
to the longitudinal axis. One means whereby the in-
ventor obviates this is by making the cross sectional area
of the shank of the bolt equal to that of the threaded por-
tion, which he effects by forming the shank hollow and
making the threaded part and the head solid. It will be
observed that this invention is of importance in the fixing
of armour-plates. Patent abandoned.

2335 T. C. LEWIS. Improvements in the construction of
pianofortes. Dated September 11, 1856.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent abandoned.

2336 W. E. GEDGE. An improved machine or apparatus
machinery, and for other purposes. (A communication.)
for manufacturing leather straps, belts, or bands for driving
Dated September 11, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

2337 R. A. E. SCOTT. Improvements in the mode of
mounting and working revolving and other guns. Dated
September 11, 1866.

This invention will probably be described and illustrated in a future number. Patent completed.

2338 R. A. E. SCOTT. Improvements applicable to gun carriages and platforms or slides. Dated September 11,

1866.

According to this invention the inventors make use of a series of circular knives fixed upon and revolving with a shaft, and kept at any required distances apart by means of washers or distance pieces placed between them, and capable of being readily removed when it is required to substitute others for them, so as to change the distances between the knives. Each knife is steadied at two or more points of its circumference near to the part at which the cutting takes place by means of blocks of wood, metal, or other material, between which it works, and which assist also in maintaining its edge. The rags or other articles to be cut are introduced into the machine by means of a hopper or sloping mouth, whereby they are guided on to an endless web or belt, between which and a revolving fluted or roughened roller they are drawn onward to the knives, and after passing between them, so as to cut as required, are discharged from the machine. Patent abandoned.

2348 J. Davey. Improvements in threshing machines Dated September 12, 1866.

The first of these improvements relates to a novel constraction of straw shaker or apparatus whereby the straw after the grain has been beaten out, is shaken out and finally delivered from the machine. The improved straw shaker consists mainly of a sector bar or bars provided with teeth, prongs, or tines, and to which a compound motion is imparted by mounting the sector bars on a pivot or shaft which is connected to a horizontal bar, to which a reciprocating vibrating motion is communicated by means of a crank or a connecting rod and crank on the axle of a rotating spiked roller. This latter rotates in a kind of cage provided with gratings or combs consisting of vertical bars between which the spikes or tines of the roller pass when it rotates, and in so doing will catch hold of and carry for ward the straw as it is delivered from the delivery plate,

which consists of a grating of longitudinal bars so that the grain and chaff may fall through and be separated from the straw. The tail end of the sector is connected by a rod to another crank, so that it may be rocked on its centre at the same time that it is carried to and fro by the crank on the spiked roller shaft. The shog boards are actuated by cranks and connecting rods, and rest upon bars which are connected to flat springs made either of metal or of indiarubber. Patent abandoned.

2349 G. B. V. ARBUCKLE. Immediately giving the alarm in case of fire in any building or ship whatsoever, wherever it may be placed. Dated September 12, 1866. Provisional protection has not been granted for this invention.

2350 E. PHILLIPS and J. HOWIE. Certain improvements in machinery or apparatus to be employed in cutting textile fabrics. Dated September 13, 1866

ber 13, 1866.

the cork and upon the neck of the bottle or other receptacle The elastic washer thus Lermetically closes the bottle or other receptacle, so that escape of liquid or air therefrom, or entrance of air thereto, is prevented. Patent abandoned.

2362 G. ROBINSON. Improvements in the manufacture or production of ammonia, baryta, and strontia. Dated September 14, 1866.

We cannot here give space to the details of this invention. Patent abandoned.

2363 C. F. VARLEY. Improvements in apparatus for obtaining latitude and longitude. Dated September 14, 1866.

short arms of the anchor will clip or rest, thus preventing
the further revolving of the long arms, and by clipping or
resting on each side of the shank counteracting torsion or
other detrimental strains. The double claw flukes of the
anchor are much wider than the upper part of the arms,
and for the purpose of admitting such wide double claw
flukes he forms the shank with a double or forked end.
Fifth, in affixing the stock to the anchor he forms the end
of the shank round instead of square, as formerly, and the
stock solid with a hole in the centre to fit on such shank,
which he fastens by a pin, wedge, or forelock passing through
the same. Reference to the drawings is essential to a full
and clear description of the invention. Patent completed.
2357 G. HENDERSON and D. M'NEIL. Improvements in
For the purposes of this invention the patentee employs
hydraulic gas chandeliers and in gas regulators applicable
thereto, and to other gas burners or meters. Dated Septem-light lever carrying a wire, hair, or screen called the hori-
zon line, the latter in the focus of the eye piece and ob.
ject glass of a small telescope; the lever is suspended by a
thread or wire, and a balance weight in connection with the
lever keeps it in the proper position; the weight is placed
near to and below the thread, so that it may act like a very
short pendulum, and oscillate rapidly if set in motion, in
order that the slower motion of a ship shall not sensibly
disturb its true position. The fibre or support of the lever is
so placed that on elevating or depressing the telescope above
or below the horizontal line, the image from the object glass
and the horizon line shall move an equal amount (at least
very nearly so). The moving lever is immersed in fluid, such
as water. The object of the fluid is to cause the horizon
line to become rapidly stationary when it is set oscillating
by the movement of the observer. In some cases an aperture
is made in the side of the telescope to illuminate the horizon
line when taking the altitude of stars in a dark night. The
illumination is effected by a small lamp attached to or held
near the instrument. Patent completed.

This invention is designed for the purpose of cutting into In carrying out this invention the inventors propose to shapes, designs, or patterns textile fabrics or paper, and apply to the exterior of the vertical tube of the chandelier also for cutting into uniform blocks or slabs hard substances a glass tube, which is open at both ends, and rested in a such as marble; and the improvements consist in the watertight manner on a socket or cup screwed to the channovel employment and use of an endless steel blade dis-delier tube; the top of the glass tube is then rendered watertended between two pulleys driven by gearing, the whole tight by a similar cup screwed down thereon by a thread on being mounted in suitable bearings. Patent completed. the chandelier tube, in which one or more apertures are 2351 W. CLARK. Improvements in the manufacture or made to allow of the flow of water into the glass tube. The ornamentation of cloth and pile fabrics. (A communica- chandelier tube must be supplied with a sufficient quantity tion.) Dated September 13, 1866. of water, in order that when the chandelier is drawn down to its lowest position the level of the water shall be within or above the glass tube, by which means it can always be known whether the chandelier is properly supplied with water. If the water does not appear within the glass it will be necessary to supply more; and for the sake of more ready observation the inventors propose to mix some prominent colour in the water, such as a red, blue, or green, in order We to distinguish the colour of the water more readily. cannot quote the details of the gas regulator. abandoned.

The patentee claims the exclusive right of applying beads of all kinds, and other similar ornaments, to the threads of which fabrics are composed, the said threads being sufficiently large, or the holes in the beads sufficiently small, to prevent their sliding freely, as also the method of fixing such beads by the addition of a supplementary thread twisted or entwined thereon, with a view to prevent the displacement of the bead or other ornament during the weaving. He also claims the use and application of such threads having beads applied in the manner described to form the warp or weft threads of fabrics of all kinds for the purpose of ornamenting the same, substantially as described. Patent completed.

2352 J. L. NORTON. Improvements in machinery for washing and cleansing wool and other fibrous materials. Dated September 13, 1866. According to one portion of this invention the wool or fibre to be washed is immersed in a trough in which there is agitating apparatus consisting of a horizontal axis with a number of screw blades upon it, which, as the axis rotates, dip into the liquid in the trough, and cause the fibre to travel forwards. This screw apparatus is not in itself new, but the inventor employs it in combination with a fork worked by a crank or similar contrivance in such manner as to cause it to dip into the trough immediately in advance of the screw axis, and to take the fibre as it leaves the blades. The fork then carries the fibre on along the bottom of the trough, and delivers it to other apparatus, which lifts it out of the washing trough and delivers it to squeezing rollers. In its return stroke the fork is lifted above the surface of the liquid and it again enters immediately in front of the screw axis. Putent abandoned.

2353 F. G. A. HORSTMANN. A new or improved mode of obtaining motive power. Dated September 13, 1866.

This invention consists in obtaining motive power from the expansion and contraction of mercury, spirits of wine, glycerine, and other expansive liquids. In carrying this invention into effect the patentee forms a hollow cylinder to contain any required quantity of mercury, spirits of wine, glycerine, or expansive liquid sensible of the variations in the temperature of the atmosphere, so that as the temperature varies, the mercury, spirit, or liquid expands or contracts, causing a piston and rod working in the said ⚫ylinder to rise and fall. Patent completed.

2864 R. ROBINSON, Improvements in travelling or fitted dressing bags. Dated September 13, 1866.

The object of this invention is to place the toilet fittings in travelling or fitted dressing bags in such position that they may leave the bag empty to receive clothes or other articles. The invention consists in forming the ends of the bag with divisions or receptacles for the fittings, and in hanging these ends to the bottom of the bag, so that, on touching a spring or releasing a catch or lock, the ends may fall down upon their hinge clear of the bag, leaving the inside of the bag entirely empty to receive clothes or other articles. The inventor makes a division of leather or other material between the inner face of each end and the inside of the bag. Patent abandoned.

2355 L. BING. An improved mode of and apparatus for determining the actinic power of light. Dated September 13, 1866.

The object of this invention is to measure the actinic power of light numerically in the same manner that temperature is measured, for the purposes of photography and other purposes connected with scientific investigation. To this end the inventor produces a graduated transparent medium, varying in transparency from the unit to any required degree of opacity; and to this medium he applies a sensitized strip or sheet of paper, placing it under the transparent medium for the purpose of exposing it to the action of the light, and thereby obtaining an indication of the power of the actinic rays. By this means the photographer is enabled to decide with precision the length of exposure required for his plate or printing paper to obtain certain determined results. Patent abandoned.

2356 J. H. BETTELEY. Improvements in ships' anchors. Dated September 13, 1866.

This invention consists, first, in forming the flukes of solid iron or steel anchors with a double claw, and an elongated shackle for fishing the anchor. Second, in a method of constructing or forming anchors known as Trotman's or jointed anchors. The patentee makes these anchors with double claw flukes, and on the solid shank he forms a fish back or raised part projection on the top and bottom, on which the double claw Aukes will clip or rest when in holding position, and by that means be secured against torsion or other detrimental strains. Third, in constructing anchors with double or split shanks, he makes the arms solid, and the flukes with a double claw. He fixes between the shanks a plate or block of wrought or cast iron, or other metal, forming fish back or raised part projections on the top and bottom of the shank, against which projection the double claw fluke will clip or rest when holding. Fourth, in constructing jointed anchors, when both the double claw flukes are to hold instead of one, he attaches double or short arms to the long arms or flukes of the anchor, and he fixes a fish back or raised part projection on each side of the shank instead of the top and bottom, as before, against which fish back or raised part projection and the shank the

Patent

2358 R. R. RICHES and C. J. WATTS. Improvements in horse hay rakes. (Partly a communication.) Dated September 14, 1866.

PROVISIONAL PROTECTIONS.

This invention consists in making the rake self-acting
when required, so that no hand labour is required as usual
Dated December 1, 1866.
in the operation of turning over, the rake being merely
drawn over the ground by a horse or horses, and the turning 3163 J. Pratt, Regent-street. Au improved pterotype or
over of the rake being effected by the mechanism when put machine for writing with type.
Dated February 7, 1867.
in gear. For this purpose a toothed wheel on the main
346 R. E, Green and W. Laycock, Church, near Accring
wheel shaft or axle is arranged to gear with a similar wheel
on a shaft on which is mounted a crank wheel, connected ton, Lancashire. Improvements in printing on textile
with a slotted connecting rod, with a lever which is con- fabrics,
nected to the shaft or axle for working the teeth of the
Dated February 14, 1867.
rake, and has a joint at or near a slotted guide bar, through 418 T. Greenwood, Leeds, machinist, and J. Keats,
which the teeth of the rake pass. By this arrangement, Leek, Staffordshire, boot and shoe manufacturer. Improve-
when the crank wheel has been put into gear by the attend-ments in machinery for the manufacture of boots, shoes,
ant, that wheel will be caused to revolve as the rake is and other coverings for the feet.
drawn over the ground, and the teeth of the rake will be
worked up and down, thus discharging the hay therefrom
without any action on the part of the attendant. Patent
completed.

2359 C. H. CHESHIRE. An improved metal spring box or case for fusees, cigars, and other purposes. Dated Sep. tember 14, 1866.

This metal spring box or case for fusees, cigars, &c., consists of two parts, one sliding in the other, having elastic springs in the interior on each side, one end of which is fixed to the inner case and the other to the outer case on each side; the outer case is open at one end to receive the inner case, which slides into it, and has an opening of about one half of its length at the top, to which a lid is attached, opening by a spring, so that when the inner case is drawn out, the lid flies open, and by means of the spring is locked and prevented from running back into the outer one, and is so constructed that when the lid is pressed down, the lock spring releases the inner case, and it flies back into the outer case, being drawn by the elastic springs on each side. Patent completed.

2360 A. CAIRNS. Improvements in the construction of
liquid compasses. Dated September 14, 1866.

In compasses constructed according to this invention,
the bowl or vessel charged with spirits of wine or other
liquid, and suspended by gimballs, is made of any desired
form or outline. Within the said bowl or vessel (part of
which is made of glass or other transparent material, so
that the position of the card can be seen) the magnetic
needle or needles, and its or their card, are carried or sup-
ported on a pivot, or between two pivots, in the same man-
ner as they would be if working on air. The above features
are common to all compasses having the whole or part only
of these improvements. To these improvements the
patentee refers under the following separate heads:-First,
to means for reducing weight and friction on the pivots,
and thereby leaving the needle or needles and its or their
card to traverse freely. This he effects by connecting or
combining with the needle or needles and card a hollow air-
tight buoyant float, of a dome-like or other shape; the
said float being placed over or on a level with, but not lower
than, the needle or needles. Or he obtains similar advan-
tages by making the card hollow. or attaching a hollow disc-
like vessel thereto, and connecting or combining these with
the needle or needles. The weight of the combined parts
should be about the same as, preferably rather more than,
the weight of the liquid it will displace in the bowl cr
vessel. Secondly, the invention refers to means for securing
the advantages mentioned under the first head, and also for
protecting the magnetic needle or needles from the action
Thirdly, the invention refers to
of the liquid thereon.
means for allowing for expansion and contraction of the
liquid in the bowl or vessel by increase or decrease of
atmospheric or other temperature, and under all conditions
or circumstances, keeping the said bowl or vessel perfectly
full. Patent completed.

2361 J. J. BARANOWSKI. An improved apparatus or
appliance to be used in conjunction with corks for closing
bottles, jars, and other similar receptacles. Dated Septem
ber 14, 1866.

This apparatus consists of a plate or cap fitted on its under side with a screw not long enough to pass entirely through the cork, and of a washer of india rubber, cork, or other elastic material placed below the plate or cap, and fitted over the screw. The washer and the plate or cap must be of sufficient diameter to cover the upper edge or circumference of the neck of the bottle or other receptacle, as well as the cork. To employ this apparatus, the cork must first be cut off flush with the neck of the bottle or other receptacle; the screw on the under side of the plate or cap is then screwed into the cork by turning the plate or cap until the elastic washer is forced down upon the top of

Dated February 20, 1867.

458 J. H. Johnson, Lincoln's Inn-fields. Improvements in the application of certain hydrocarbons to the obtain ment of light and heat, and in the apparatus or means employed therein. (A communication.)

Dated February 23, 1867. 497 J. Phillips-Smith, Hereford, engineer. Improvements in tilling and cultivating land by steam power, and in machinery or apparatus for such purposes. 502 W. P. Gray, Fulham. Improvements in breechloading firearms. Dated February 25, 1867.

514 J. C. R. Weguelin, Croydon, and B. Hirst, Leeds, merchant. Improvements in generating steam and vapourising liquids and in apparatus employed therein.

Dated February 26, 1867. 520 W. H. Samson, Underhill, Wittersham, Kent, farmer and grazier. Improvements in the means and apparatus for drying hops.

Dated February 27, 1867.

533 G. Haseltine, Southampton-buildings. Chancerylane, civil engineer. An improved covering or cushion for horses' feet. (A communication.)

535 A. Howat, Farnworth, near Bolton, Lancashire, brass founder. Improvements in machinery for mining, cutting, or working coal and other minerals, and for ham. mering metals and crushing minerals.

537 J. R. Cooper, Birmingham, gun manufacturer. Improvements in breechloading firearms. 541 W. Dyson, Throngsbridge, near Huddersfield, overlooker. Improvements in machinery for twisting and doubling fibres and threade. An improved 543 J. M'Lintock, Barnsley, Yorkshire. packing for piston rods, pump rods, and valve spindles. 545 L. H. Philbois, Rue de Rivoli, and A. Marchal, Boulevard de Sébastopol, Paris. Improvements in springs for crinolines for ladies' petticoats and other garments. (A communication.)

547 J. Livesey and J. Edwards, Victoria Chambers, Westminster, and W. Jeffreys, Cooper's-road, Old Kentroad, Surrey. Improvements in signal and switch apparatus for railways.

549 A. V. Newton, Chancery-lane, mechanical draftsman. Improvements in railways and in the means of propulsion used thereon. (A communication.)

551 A. M'Dougall, Manchester, chemist. Improvements in utilising a certain description of clay and a substance usually found therewith.

Dated February 28, 1867. 552 C. J. Pownall, Union Club. Improvements in the means of ventilating pits and mines. 555 S. Shore, Roohdale, Lancashire. Improvements in preparing wool and other fibrous materials to be spun. Dated March 2, 1867.

587 E. T. Hughes, Chaucery-lane. Improvements in filtering presses for expressing the liquid parts and retaining the solid parts of any semi-liquid substances. (A communication.)

Dated March 6, 1867. 627 H. Barton and E. Whalley, Blackburn, Lancashire. Certain improvements in apparatus for spinning and twisting cotton and other fibrous materials.

Dated March 7, 1867. 631 C. W. Siemens, Great George-street, Westminster. Improvements in apparatus for measuring water, alcohol, and other fluids. (Partly a communication.)

633 A. L. Normandy, New Park-road, Stockwell, engineer. Improvements in engines worked by heated air and by other suitable heated gas or gases.

635 E. K. Heaps, Woodhouse-lane, Leeds, ironmonger, and T. P. Moorwood, Harleston Ironworks, Shetfield, ironfounder. Improvements in fire ranges for dwelling houses.

637 A. Giles, Manchester, engineer: An improved mixing apparatus, also applicable to beating eggs and to other similar purposes.

639 R. Luke and W. Parkes, Birmingham, metallic bedstead manufacturers. Certain improvements in the manufacture of metallic bedsteads, part of which said improvements are applicable to cornice poles, gas fittings, balustrades, and other like articles.

643 A. V. Newton, Chancery lane, mechanical draftsman. Improvements in safety valves for steam boilers or generators. (A communication.)

645 J. G. Woodward, Liverpool, merchant. An improved mode of generating steam.

647 E. Lloyd, Bow, paper manufacturer and newspaper proprietor. Improvements in the treatment or preparation of straw and other fibrous materials for the manufacture of paper.

Dated March 8, 1867.

Improvements in machines for "grinding" or tearing up rags and other fibrous substances.

Dated March 13, 1867.

715 J Willcock, Stockport, Cheshire, and S. Mason, jun., Manchester, engineers. Improvements in the construction of wheel moulding machines.

716 W. J. Sleath, cotton spinner and manufacturer, and J. Hargreaves, jun., reed and heald manufacturer, Bacup, Lancashire. Improvements in the manufacture of healds employed in looms for weaving.

717 M. A. F. Mennons, Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lane. Improvements in breechloading firearms, and in cartridges for the same. (A communication.) 719 J. Boyd, Glasgow, engineer. Improvements in looms for weaving.

653 C. Mather, Salford Ironworks, Manchester. Im- PATENT APPLIED FOR WITH COMPLETE SPECIprovements in machinery for mangling or beetling fabrics.

655 H. Churchman, Horsham, Sussex, and F. Braby, Fitzroy Works, Euston-road. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for cleaning boots and shoes, also applicable to the cleaning of other articles.

657 J. Turner, Queen-street, Stepney. An improved composition for coating or covering the surface of iron, wood, stone, brickwork, and other substances or materials to prevent oxidation and decomposition thereof.

661 C. Mace, Green-street, Sunderland, engineer. Improvements in steam boilers.

665 T. S. Turnbull, Birmingham, mourning jeweller and jet ornament manufacturer. Improvements in mourning

and other lockets, which improvements may also be applied to other dress ornaments.

667 G. Dümler, Mamur, Belgium, civil engineer. Improvements in lamps for burning petroleum or other mineral oils.

Dated March 9, 1867.

671 A. Field, Upper Marsh, Lambeth, and W. B. Nation, Old Kent-road. Improvements in ornamenting candles, and in apparatus employed for that purpose.

673 W. S. Lowe, New Mills, Derbyshire, cotton spinner and manufacturer. Certain improvements in or applicable to sizing and dressing machines.

675 J. G. Tongue, engineer, Southampton-buildings, Chancery lane. Improvements in bridles and reins connected therewith. (A communication.)

677 M. A. F. Mennons, Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lane. Improvements in the construction of breechloading firearms. (A communication.)

679 R. D. Napier, Church-row, Limehouse. Improvements in apparatus connected with steam boilers.

Dated March 11, 1867.

683 M. Cavanagh, Kensington. A new or improved sash fastening.

687 A. Kimball, Glasgow. Improvements in sewing machines.

688 F. Ryding, Lower Glentworth-street, Limerick, surgeon dentist. Improvements in baking or hardening vulcanite or dental india-rubber and other similar compounds and preparations, and in apparatus employed for Buch purpose.

689 P. Duchamp, Rue Vieille Monnaie, Lyons, France, mechanic. Improvements in stopping bottles, jars, and other like vessels.

690 J. Pearson, Birmingham, brass finisher. Improvements in ball or supply valves.

691 J. B. Fenby, Birmingham, mechanical engineer. Improvements in connecting door and other knobs to their Spindles.

692 E. T. Hughes, Chancery-lane. An improved apparatus for the promotion of economy in the combustion of gas, petroleum, and other oils. (A communication.)

693 W. Dempsey, Congleton, Cheshire. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for spinning and doubling si lk, cotton, wool, or other fibrous materials.

694 D. Nicoll, Oakland's Hall, West End, Kilburn. Improvements in the construction of electric telegraph conductors, and in the method of preparing the same, also in the machinery and in the application of certain other machinery and apparatus employed therein.

695 W. Akers, The Broad Hellingly, Sussex, Improvements in the construction and adjustmens of horse shoes. 696 M. P. W. Boulton, Tew Park, Oxfordshire. Improvements in propulsion, and in rotary apparatus for giving motion or energy to fluids, and receiving motion or energy from them.

FICATION.

Dated March 22, 1867.

838 G. T. Bousfield, Loughborough Park, Brixton. Improvements in machinery for manufacturing flour. (A communication.)

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3029 J. Bernard.

3057 J. Brindley. 3069 J. Berry, J. B.

yarns.

Motive power engines.
Artificial incubator.

Turner, and O. Vickerman. Twisting

3074 G. F. and J. Stidolph and J. R. Morley. Shop fittings.

3083 R. Potter. Bleaching grain. 3084 J. Coulson. Elevating straw.

3085 F. Tyerman. Protectors for the eyes. 3087 T. R. and T. W. Harding. Drilling combs. 3093 J. Mitchell and W. C. Laird. Detergent material. 3096 W. B. Johnson. Driving the shafting of loom sheds.

3097 J. K. Leather. Salts of soda.

3105 W. R. M. Thomson. Cutting metal tubes. (Partly a communication.)

3109 W. Taylor. Spinning jute.
3111 T. J. Barron. Converting iron into steel.

3122 T. Dickins, H. Heywood, and J. Holland. Steam boilers.

3131 W. Pidding. Treating coffee.

710 J. A. Fussell. Coat hooks.
716 W. J. Sleath and J. Hargreaves, jun. Healds.
838 G. T. Bousfield. Flour. (A communication.)

The full titles of the patents in the above list can be ascertained by referring back to their numbers in the list of provisional protections previously published.

Opposition can be entered to the granting of a patent to any of the parties in the above list who have given notice of their intention to proceed, within twenty-one days from the date of the Gazette in which the notice appears, by leaving at the Commissioners' office particulars in writing of the objection to the application.

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700 R. Wilson, Bridgewater Foundry, Patricroft, near Manchester, engineer. Improvements in the governors of steam and other motive power engines.

702 T. Burt, Wandsworth, civil engineer. Improvements in machinery and apparatus for moving mud, sewage, sand, small gravel, or other similar matter from one place to another. (A communication.)

703 B. P. Walker, North-road House, Wolverhampton, engineer. Improvements in valves for steam engines and other purposes.

704 H. L. Corlett, Assoc. Inst. C.E., Inchicore, Co. Dublin. Improvements in buffing springs and parts connected therewilh.

706 A. Parkinson and D. Sweaney, Manchester, iron and tin plate workers and galvanisers. A combined slop pail and night commode.

707 J. F. Brinjes, Fieldgate-street, Whitechapel, engineer. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for the manufacture and reburning of animal charcoal, and for distilling shale and other like substances.

709 C. Maschwitz, jun., Birmingham, merchant. Improvements in taps and valves. (A communication.)

710 J. A. Fussell, Birmingham, manufacturer. Improvements in the manufacture of hat and coat hooks, and in attaching knobs and ornaments to various articles. 712 W. Hall, Bradford, manufacturer. An improved combination of apparatus for winding and twisting certain species of yarns.

713 J. L. Norton, Belle Sauvage-yard, Ludgate Hill. Improvements in machinery for washing and cleansing wool and other fibrous materials.

714 W. Wood, Monkhill, near Pontefract, Yorkshire.

3173 W. Clark. Regulating motive power. (A communication.)

3178 W. H. Harfield. Chain cable holders. 3187 F. Kohn. Cutting sugar cane.

tion)

3203 T. J. Chub. Steel.

(A communica

3206 J. Barwick and S. Tindall. Packing for piston rods.

3217 G. Haseltine, Looms. (A communication) 3257 C. E. Brooman. Looms. (A communication.) 3282 W. R. Lake. Scrubbing machine. (A commurication.) 3301 A. Rollason. Blasting cartridges. 3432 G. Payne. Soap.

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55 W. E. Newton. Treatment of diseases. (A communication.)

1867.

Feb.

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81 J. Hoadly. Preventing wind draughts. 175 W. E. Newton. Cotton bale ties. (A communication.)

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537 J. R. Cooper. Breechloading firearms.

604 R. Thompson. Polishing mouldings.

538 J. Saxby and J. S. Farmer. Regulating railway signal poin's.

25, 1756, E. E. Biddle 27, 1757, T. Kendrick March 1, 1758, J. Gray

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630 A. V. Newton. Couplings. (A communication,) 633 A. L. Normandy. Heated air engines.

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