Patents for Jubri

ABRIDGED SPECIFICATION
PATENTS

THE Abridged Specifications of Patente
classified, according to the subjects to
inventions refer, in the following Table
of classification adopted, the numericalan
order of the specifications is preserved and
all the advantages of a division into classe.
anderstood thatthese abridgements a
sively for this Magazine from official pa
the Government, and are therefore the
Proprietors of this Magazine. Other pa
warned not to produce them without any

ment:

BOILERS AND FURNACES,—2338, 2001
BUILDINGS AND BUILDING MATISALA
2904, 2910, 2920

OBEMISTRY AND PHOTOGRAPHY-85,
OULTIVATION OF THE SOIL, including agents
ments and machines,-2903
ELECTRICAL APPARATUS,-HORS
FIBROUS, FABRICS, including machinery for say
pulp, paper &c.,-2888, 2890, 2496 2016,
FOOD AND BEVERAGES, including apparates in my
food for men and antimals,—2912, WII, 21.2
FURNITURE AND APPAREL, including DOGAN D
time-keepers, jewellery, musical instrum
2877, 2885, 2892,2894, 2916, 2923
GENERAL MACHINERY, —2876, 2983, 239, 35, 2
2927

LIGHTING, HEATING, AND VENTILATING,-32.2
2927

METALS, including apparatus for their mater

2895

MISCELLANEOUS,-2397, 2901
ROADS AND VEHICLES, including rally e
riages, saddlery, and harness, &-1!
2898, 2912, 2821, 2825

SHIPS AND BOATS, including their fitting –§. 3:
STEAM ENGINES,-2884, 2902
WARFARE,-2878, 2882

2876 E. H. BESTALL. Improveme
manufacturing screw nuts. Dated Novem
This invention relates to the use of a H (DO
of novel construction for facilitating the me
screw nuts from bar iron without the s
be heated. The first stage of the proves of natu
to cut up bar iron into pieces of uniform
nat blanks. For nuts of ordinary thickes
uses a novel construction of shearing matİN, IN T
the bars arranged side by side are fed. At egy tar
the cutter a series of nut blanks cures
to the bars fed into the machine will be even in
having what is known as one and a battere
greater thickness, he prefers, however, umpi
planing machine fitted with a series of pe
which will operate upon several bars su
cut them into put blanks by being traverses viral
and fed and kept up to their work by an
motion. The blanks thus formed are to be so
approved way, and they are then rely less
a novel construction of drilling machin) 1
centre of the nut is bored out, the blatis le
the machine by hand in rapid success. [xx
ton is to tap the nut, which is officed y
similar in construction to the dril, TN 2
been cut, the nut is faced in a lathe of pea
tion, after which the nuts are shaped in a shap
and are finally submitted to a finishing b
The invention cannot be described a
reference to the drawings. Patent compl

2877 W. E. NEWTON. Improvements in para
curtains and hangings. (A communication,) in
vember 6, 1866.

The object of this invention is to construc the rods or poles for curtains and hangp13 manner that a reciprocating motion i

the curtains on the rod itself by causing the latit The rod may be made either of solid wood places or throughout its whole length, so awa introduction of a metallic tube ora wodna z 5 inside. On the exterior surface of the lengthways, is formed a helical groove, and taken that while starting from the cente grooves shall run in opposite directivos tremities of the rod. The direction of the b therefore, to the night on one side, and to th other side. Patent completed.

2878 T. HUNT. Improvements in braidimą i
Dated November 6, 1866.

Breech-loading firearms as at pessetest
usually provided with an instruments
which, when the breech is opened, dramac
distance the case of the cartridge last f
however, leaves the cartridge case in su
it requires further operations for its na
removed by hand, but this involves a
materially affects the speed at which the
Now according to this invention the pat
instrument which takes the cartridge ca
Iractor leaves it, and by a sadder had
throws it out of the barrel. If the tr
which the cartridge is introduced into the
at the back, the patentee places or forms
point, so that when the cartridge
against it by the instrument already m
the incline and escapes clear of the p
be employs is furnished with a spiral
it to its position as soon as it has dime
forms on this extractor rack teeth
pinion, and this drives the instrammi
tridge case is thrown out. As the

bringing the cartridge case with it, ea

ment with which it is geared by the
ward, and a catch upon it sees the f
the cartridge case just as the extracter T
-ir spring, the instrument which now h

and as the extractor dies forward

makes a corespoming indus

JUNE 7, 1867.

central firearms in which an inclined needle is employed,
an inclined passage is bored in the block which closes
the breech, and at the lower end of the passage is
of
a hole passing to the face of the block, and
small diameter as compared with the upper part of the
passage. The needle is of two diameters correspond-
ing with the passage formed for it, and a spiral spring
lodged in the passage acting on the shoulder of the needle
tends constantly to press it back. There is according to
this invention a small stud which projects into the passage,
and a bayonet groove on the stem of the needle. To insert
the needle into its working position it then requires only to
place it so that the stud corresponds with the groove, and
to press it down into its passage, compressing the spring
beneath it; then, by turning it partially round, it becomes
locked by the bayonet groove; but the groove is so formed
as to allow it the play it requires in working. Patent com-
pleted.

2879 W. H. CLAPP. Improvements in carriage brakes.

Dated November 6, 1866.

We cannot here give space to the details of this invention. Patent abandoned.

2880 C. E. SPAGNOLETTI. Improvements in arranging and combining apparatus for communicating between the guard, enginedriver, and passengers in a railway train. Dated November 6, 1866.

use, the oater end of the larger tube rests on the ground,
and the rest can de fixedo any length by the set screw
above mentioned, according to the elevation that is re-
quired for the fire arm for the distance at which the soldier
1s aiming. When the rest is not in use, it is shut up
against the stock of the firearm, and secured by a spring or
retaining instrument placed at or near the trigger guard.
Patent abandoned.

361

the same uprights in the chimney with the addition of the brickwork in front, so as to form in the body of the chimney a conduit pipe; he then fills in with brick, stone, or sheet iron all the space of the original chimney, starting from the height of the shelf. On one of the sides will, however, be left a small trap, which is raised at will to allow of the sweeping. The opening above mentioned, having a height of some 3ft., is intended to receive a sheet2883 C. J. ROBINSON. Improvements in pump valves, iron apron or flap divided into three equal parts: a special stop and let-off cocks or valves, especially adapted for hy-groove must be made for each of these three parts, and a draulic presses and high water pressure. (A communica-mall wrought iron or brass framing is to be applied against tion.) Dated November 6, 1866. the opening; the flap or apron is to be raised by means of a chain attached to a stud or ring on to the lower part of the flap or apron, and another stud or stop is placed at the base of the framing. The chain will pass behind the apron and raise the framing by means of two pulleys fixed in the top of the framing, which it will raise one part after the other to create a draught. The framing will be maintained in position by a counter weight on the other end of the chain. The dimensions of all the parts named will be regulated by the size or capacity of the interior of the original chimney. Patent abandoned.

In constructing valves according to this invention they are made, by preference, cylindrical, and of such a size as just to fit accurately into the passage or water-way the valve is intended to close. When the valve is closing its passage or waterway its stem rests upon a stop, and the valve is so supported, the stop acting as an abutment for the valve, and enabling it to resist the pressure of the water upon it; otherwise the valve would be carried through the psssage, as it does not hang on a conical face like an ordinary valve. When the valve is resting on its stop the valve face or flat surface around the passage or waterway is just flush with the surface of the valve, and over these surfaces there rests a piece of leather attached to the valve, and a perfectly tight joint is thus obtained. ently of the valve seat, and in closing its passage or waterThus it will be seen that the valve is supported independway, which it accurately fits, it enters into the said passage or waterway until a surface upon it is flush with a face is obtained for the leather, which completes the joint, surface around the waterway or passage, so that a flat surto rest upon. Patent abandoned.

Among the features of this invention are the following:
-The patentee makes a communication with one or two
insulated wires attached to each carriage forming part of a
train; these wires are joined between each carriage by
means of iron bars, pieces of metal, or connecting rods
sufficiently strong to supply the place of the present coupl-
ing chains, so that the act of coupling up the carriages
2884 W. BRACEWELL, W. PICKUP, and B. LUND. Im-
makes the electrical connections, such bars being bossed,
brazed, galvanised, or plated at the points of contact.provements in valves for engines worked by steam or other
For additional means of contact, if necessary, the patentee fluid. Dated November 7, 1866.
uses side springs at each joint; he also makes his connec-
tions by an electric cable with a hook and eye, or by means
of a half ball of brass, so fitted to the end of each buffer,
with springs, that, upon pressure, they push in to avoid
damage, and upon being released from pressure project and
form a constant connection between the buffers; the con-
necting insulated wire runs through the huffer rod, which
rod he proposes should be hollow. The apparatus to be
fixed in each compartment of the carriages over the side
windows consists of a handle in connection with an iron
rod, at the end of which outside the carriage is fixed a thin
metal plate painted red, and perforated with the number
and letter of the carriage compartment; this metal plate is
placed when in its normal position edgeways to the line of
sight; on the handle before mentioned being turned,
electrical connection is formed by springs connected to the
earth ringing the bells hereinafter described, and turning
the metal plate so as to face the guard, so that he from his
brake or van can see which compartment rang; the metal

In performing this invention the inventors make use of a hollow valve of a cylindrical or slightly conical form, working in a suitable case or seating; in the sides of the valve are holes exactly opposite to each other and of equal areas; steam is admitted at both ends of the valve, and enters the cylinder when required through similar holes made in the sides of the valve seating or case, which are also exactly opposite each other and of equal areas. By this means the valve is caused to work in equilibrium, whatever be the pressure of steam in the steam chest or force of vacuum in the cylinder. The inventors also use another similar valve for the exhaust, and by the combination of the two valves, and by suitable arrangements, they are able to regulate the supply of steam and the cut-off at any portion of the stroke required, whilst the engine is in motion; an index and finger in connection with the valve are affixed to the outside of the steam chest to indicate the working of the valve. Patent abandoned.

2885 E. HUXLEY. The improved manufacture of coverlets, rugs, quilts, or covers for beds, and certain articles of wearing apparel, and as a stuffing for cushions, pillows. Dated November 7, 1866.

This invention consists, first, in the application of brass or other hard or soft wire in the manufacture of clasps adapted especially for stay busks, but which are also suitable for braces, belts, bands, garters, gloves, boots, and leggings, in lieu of sheet or flat metal, the material out of which such clasps are ordinarily made. Secondly, in the application of clasps made of such materials to the purposes named Thirdly, in the fastening of such wire clasps so as to give them the appearance of metal clasps. Fourthly, in the using of the said wire clasps for the ornamentation and protection of keyholes. Patent completed.

2893 J. and M. DEAVIN and J. H. SUTTON. Improvements in the method of closing and keeping open at any distance doors and gates in lieu of using springs, straps, or other unsightly arrangements for effecting the purpose. Dated November 7, 1866.

In performing this invention the patentees propose using a series of pulleys so fixed as to be within a small plate may be also thrown into the sight by means of a edge with lines passing over the said pulleys, and weights compass at the bottom or top of the door near the hinge spring released by turning the handle before mentioned. A attached at the ends thereof, which so govern the door that lock apparatus is attached to the handle in such manner that, after the handle has been turned, it cannot be reit may be made to close or remain open at any distance reThis invention relates to the use of a new material complaced by the person turning it, but this must be done by monly called "moc-main" or silk cotton, and consists inquired, whereby slamming is prevented. The pulleys, lines the guard, or by a metal rod or wire contained in the cur- enclosing a layer or layers of this substance between outer and weights may be kept entirely out of sight, and the lines, tain rod, or it may be put between the lining and the roof. coverings of any suitable woven fabric or fabrics, and in may be made of wire, rope, chains, or any other suitable This releases an iron shield or arm at the end of the car- some cases uniting the whole into sheets or pieces by stitchmaterial, also the door may be fastened in the ordinary riage by withdrawing a bolt. On the falling of this shielding or sewing in the manner known as quilting. Patent Patent completed." manner without interfering with the above arrangements. or arm into sight all the electrical bells are rung. The abandoned. handle when turned is secured in that position, and can only be replaced by the guard, who is provided with a key for that purpose. Patent completed.

2881 R. D. NAPIER. Improvements in friction brakes, and in apparatus for giving motion to machinery. Dated November 6, 1866.

crum the differential fulcrum.

2886 W. DARLOW and P. W. SEYMOUR. A new magnetic compound applicable to the manufacture of articles suitable for curative and other beneficial and useful purposes. Dated November 7, 1866.

The patentees claim the production of a magnetic compound or substance composed of a gummy, resinous, bituminoua, or other suitable adhesive substance, with magnetic or magnetisable particles incorporated therewith, in such a manner as to adapt it for application to various useful purposes, such magnetic compound, when manufactured as described, being capable of retaining and imparting its magnetic influence. Patent completed.

2894 W. GOODBRAND and T. E. HOLLAND. Certain improvements in apparatus for rendering the security of safes and other depositories more effectual. Dated November 7,

1866.

The essential feature of this invention consists in extinguishing a light by means of certain mechanism, such mechanism being put in action by electrical apparatus. Patent completed.

2895 P. KIRK. Certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for rolling metals. Dated November 7, 1866. This invention relates to that description of machinery employed in rolling metals in which three rollers are used, one above another, and acting together, and the improve. ments consist in rising the middle roller in combination and in making the bearings of the top and bottom rollers with fixed or stationary (that is, unadjustable) bearings, movable or adjustable, so that the thickness of the metal passing between the rollers may be regulated by raising or lowering the top and bottom rollers to or from the middle roller.

In order to facilitate the movement

This invention relates to improvements in the brake pa-
tented in August, 1861 (No. 3060), by J. D. Napier; also
to various ways of applying the same, and to other plans
of friction brakes. In the first part of the invention the
two ends of a brake strap or its equivalent surrounding or
nearly surrounding a wheel are jointed to a lever in a simi-
lar way to those of the patent brake referred to, that is,
the two joints are on the same side of the fulcrum of the steam boilers. Dated November 7, 1866.
2887 W. HUMPHREY. Improvements in furnaces for
lever; but, according to this invention, the fulorum, in
place of being in a permanently fixed position, is so con- less chain of firebars lying transversely and horizontally
In performing this invention the patentee uses an end-
nected to any mechanical appliance that it may be moved across the flue or furnace working in grooved guides, such
through an arc of a circle whose centre would be that of grooved guides being attached to a framework which admits
the brake wheel. The lever to which the brake band is of being withdrawn from the internal flue or furnace of
Jointed the inventor calls the differential lever, and its ful- the steam boiler when the apparatus requires to be cleaned.
In applying the above ar. In conjunction with this apparatus he places a hopper of these top and bottom roller, the framings in
rangement simply as a paul brake (that is, a self-holding at the front or firing end capable of receiving coals or other which their bearings are fixed are connected together
brake which may be slacked when desired) a stop is intro- fuel, and communicating with the upper portion of the by shafting and levers, to which springs may be ap-
duced in such a position as to limit in one direction the endless chain of firebars, such firebars being made straight plied, so that they balance each other. The exact position
movement of the fulcrum in the before-mentioned are, and and solid, or hollow and perforated, as desired.
to make any further movement in that direction release guides in which they work consist of pipes communicating rollers, as usual, and another improvement consists in adapt
The of the top roller is regulated by a screw at each end of the
the pressure of the brake band on the wheel. The next at the bridge end with the bridge itself, supposing the lat-ing or applying two screws beneath the bottom roller for
part of the invention consists in adaptations of the self-ter to be hollow, and in communication with the boiler, the purpose of regulating the same, the two screws being
holding arrangement described for the purpose of com- and at the other end by convenient junctions with the fore connected together (or the nuts thereof) by means of
municating power and rotary motion to machinery. We end of the boiler water space, thus serving the twofold gearing, so that both rollers may be raised or lowered simul-
cannot here quote the whole of the details of this inven- object of guiding the firebars and of generating steam. taneously. Patent completed.
rion. Patent abandoned.
The operation is as follows:-The fuel having been sup-
plied to the hopper by the attendant, the endless chain of
firebars actuated as it is by means of gearing, or other well
known mechanical appliances used for like purposes, either
from an engine when the latter is working, or by hand if
not, slowly traverses along the guides, being regularly
fed from the hoppers being placed in conjunction with it.
A regular and equitable feed of fuel is thereby ensured, the
emission of smoke more or less prevented, and economy of
fuel obtained. Patent completed.

2882 T. H. INCE. Improvements in firearms. Dated November 6, 1866.

to

The object of this invention is to apply or attach to fire-
arms a rest to be used when firing. For this purpose the
inventor employs two tubes of any material of different
diameters and of any length required, the smaller tube
move easily inside the larger one, and to be
about fin. longer than the larger one. He taps the inside
of each end of the smaller tube to receive a screw, and he
fixes a thumb screw near one end of the larger tube to regu-
late the distance to which the smaller tube shall be pro-
jected or drawn. He attaches the upper end of the small
tube to the firearm by means of a fork-shaped joint
screwed into the smaller tube, and fastened with a bolt
passing through the nose, cap, or other part of the stock or
band, or fastened with a ring grasping the barrel or the
stock and barrel, or fastened by means of a ring or rings
screwed into the stock or barrel of the firearm; but he pre-
fers the way first above described of fastening the same.
This joint is made so as to allow the tubes which are to form
the rest to swing easily upon it. The lower end of the
smaller tube receives a cleaner screwed in thereto, so that
this tube may be used as a cleaning rod.
larger outside the smaller tube, and provides suitable
means to prevent the larger tube from coming entirely off
the smaller one. while it is at the same time able to move
easily up and down, and can be secured at any position by
a set screw. The cleaner when screwed in one way closes
the end of the smaller tube, and when screwed in the oppo-
site way it can be used as a cleaner. When the rest is in

machinery. Dated November 7, 1866.
2888 J. SHAW. Improvements in preparing and spinning

fibres as they are being drawn from the back to front rollers,
The patentee claims giving support or retarding the
either by grooved carriers or upright carriers, or any other
mechanical equivalents thereof. Patent completed.

2889 W. E. GEDGE. An improved combination of appa-
ratus fitting within every sort of chimney, and preventing
any smoke being driven back into apartments. (A commu-
nication.) Dated November 7, 1866.

2896 J. E. BROWN. Improvements in finishing woven fabrics, and in the machinery to be employed therefor. Dated November 7, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

2897 J. S. CAVELL. Improvements in the construction of automaton figures or toys. Dated November 7, 1866. This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of automaton figures or toys representing human or animal figures, or other articles capable of being moved or changed into various positions, or of performing the figures of paper, pasteboard, wood, metal, india-rubber, dances and other exercises. The inventor proposes to form gutta-percha, or other suitable material, each limb being made separately, and united together by hinges or joints, and when requisite by universal joints or ball sockets, according to the motion required. The trunk and limbs of the figure are to be made hollow, for the purpose of containing a series of wires, cords, or strings, or elastic bands, with guide pullers and rings or loops for conducting such cords, wires, or strings to the various limbs, and for attachment At the back of the figure an aperture is formed for the passage of these cords or wires, and the figure is supported by a hollow pivoted joint at the back through which the cords or wires pass. Patent abandoned.

This invention is carried out as follows:-Two uprights
are formed (rising from the hearth of the fireplace) with
thereto.
He places the brickwork; these uprights are to be about 16in. apart,
and rising uniformly to a height of about 3ft., and pro-
ducing a depth of from 5in. to 6in. These uprights will
be built against and keyed in the thick back wall of the
chimney, and occupy the whole width of the chimney,
except the width left between them, and run up to the
jambs of the said chimney; then, starting from the above-
mentioned height (one yard) the inventor continues to raiso

2898 G. HASELTINE. An improved brake for railway carriages. (A communication.) Dated November 7, 1866. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

2899 O. CHURCHILL. drills and other tools. vember 7, 1866.

An improved chuck for holding fixes a spindle or mandrel, the outer end of which projects (A communication.) Dated No to the front of the cutters, and by this means the bung or tap is delivered after being cut without stopping the This invention consists in producing a cheap and efficient machine. The cutters are adjusted with iron packing or chuck for holding drills and other tools in a central posi-screws to suit any size of bung or tap. Patent abandoned. tion, so constructed and arranged that the jaws can he forced simultaneously towards the centre of the chuck to gripe the drill or other tool by simply turning a cap employed in one direction, and the jaws can be drawn simultaneously from the centre to liberate or receive the drill or other tool by simply turning the raid cap in the opposite direction. Patent completed.

2900 G. HASELTINE. An improved process for producing pictures, ornamental designs, letter, and other characters, or figures on and in marble and other culcareous stones. (A communication.) Dated November 7, 1866.

2907 J. J. BAGSHAWE.

One part of this invention may be described as follows:An upright cylindrical chamber, formed of plates of cast or sheet iron, or other suitable material, is divided into a number of horizontal divisions by circular plates of per forated zinc. wire, network, or other suita le material, burning or consuming smoke, more especially applicable to Each of these plates has a piece cut out from it in a radial Improvements in furnaces for direction, or so as to reach from the circumference to near the furnaces of boilers. Dated November 8, 1866. the centre, and to form an opening into the next division. These plates are so placed that the openings shall not In carrying out this invention the inventor proceeds as come one immediately over the other, but that each opening follows:-In the brick work, or other material forming the flues of furnaces, he builds what he terms combustion may be so much to one side of the opening in the plate chambers, and into these chambers he conducts atmo. above it that the wool in falling from the upper plate spheric air, where it is rarified by the flame passing through which it falls before it reaches the opening in that plate. will have to be carried almost entirely round the plate upon the flues to the chimney. The rarified air from the comA vertical central shaft carries arms which may be parallel bustion chambers he conveys through channels or othe: to the diameter of the cylindrical chamber, or set obliquely, suitable arrangements to the front of the fire in the furand these arms are either plain or furnished with teeth or nace, and discharges it amongst the vapours arising from the burning fuel. Further, he forms a chamber ar cham-nge, so as to form rakes; or they may be brushes. There bers in the ordinary bridge in the furnace, over which the is a set of these arms to each plate, and a continuous flame passes into the said chamber or chambers, and he circular motion is imparted to the shaft by means of admits atmospheric air by means of openings underneath dried is fed on to the top plate by means of a hopper or ordinary driving gear. the fire hars, or by any other convenient method; the rari- endless apron, and falls immediately beside the hole or fied air air from the chambers he conducts along flues or made to penetrate the stone and form the design or figure channels formed on one or both sides of the furnace, by opening in that plate. It is then carried round that plate which means the air becomes still more highly rarified. The by the arms, rakes, or brushes, and when it comes to the air thus rarified he discharges over the upper surface of the opening it drops through on to the next plate. It is again fire in the furnace. Again, he forms small openings in carried round by the second set of arms, and, reaching the the upper side of the said chamber or chambers in the bridge, opening. falls on to the third plate, and so on through the by which provision streams or jets of rarified air may be machine, until it falls from the machine in a dried state admitted to the under side of the flame in its passage over into any suitable receptacle. Patent completed. the bridge. Patent ubandoned.

This invention consists in applying to the marble or other calcareous stone two or more chemical agents, which, when applied thereto, shall form chemical combinations with the stone and with each other, and thereby produce not only the desired design or figure, but also any desired colour or combination of colours insoluble in wat-r, and not liable to be rubbed or washed off, and which shall be therein, and thus be as durable as the stone itself. Patent completed.

2901 C. SUTTON. An improved toy to be actuated by steam. Dated November 7, 1866.

This invention consists in the use of a bulb of glass with
a tubular stem issuing from the top, and having a small
orifice at the end. This instrument is suspended by means
of a chain or wire from any suitable support, and there is a
swivel in the chain or wire which allows the instrument to
rotate freely; the bulb is filled with water or liquid by
warming it over the flame of a spirit lamp, and then plung-
ing the point of the tubular stem in the water or liquid.bustion of the gas is effected. For this purpose, according
The instrument being thus prepared the bulb is heated by
the lamp until the water or liquid boils, and the steam
then issuing from the orifice at the end of the tubular stem
causes the instrument to rotate rapidly, the stem being
directed in such manner that steam issues in a line at
right angles to the axis of the bulb, or nearly so. Patent
completed.

2902 E. S. HINDLEY. Improvements in slide valves and governors of steam and other engines, and in apparatus connected therewith. Dated November 7, 1866.

2908 J. THOMSON. Improvements in gas stoves for heat-
ing and cooking. Dated November 8, 1866.
This invention relates to means whereby more perfect com-
sisting of two chambers connected together, but at a short
to one arrangement, the patentee constructs a stove con-
distance apart, by hollow pillars or tubes open at their
ends to both chambers; the upper chamber is provided with
a tube open at both ends, and fixed in the centre of a plate
forming the bottom of such chamber. In the centre of this
tube he fixes a ring burner. The hollow pillars or tubes are
fitted with small tubes or wires in such manner as to divide
or cut up the passage through such hollow pillars or tubes into
very small passages. To the centre of the bottom of the

This invention has for its object the regulation by means
of stops of the travel of expansion valves over the back of
the slide valves to which they are applied, and the connec-burner, should be such that a proper quantity of air may
tion of such stops with the governor of the engine, in order
to order to effect the required changes in the position of
the stops, for the purpose of regulating the period or
periods of cutting off the steam or other impelling fluid or
gas, as may be required. Patent abandoned.

2903 A. V. NEWTON. Improvements in reaping machines. (A communication.) Dated November 7, 1866. This invention relates to improvements in the sickle driving mechanisin of reaping machines, whereby several important results are obtained-to wit, the finger bar and sickle are placed in a balanced state, so that they may be raised with facility whenever required, and allowed to conform readily to the inequalities of surface over which they may pass. The sickle-driving mechanism also favours the draught of the machine, and possesses the advantage of throwing the sickle bar out of action automatically whenever the machine is backed, so that there cannot be any motion of the sickle during a retrograde movement of the former. Patent completed.

2904 W. E. NEWTON. An improved mode of and appa. ratus for cleansing the exterior of houses, public buildings, objects of art, ornamental surfaces, walls, carriages, and other articles or things. (A communication.) Dated November 7, 1866.

lower chambers is fixed a tube open at both ends, and rising
to within a short distance of the top of such chamber. The
area of the tube, in the centre of which is fixed the ring
be admitted to effect a proper combustion of the gas; and
he finds that for a burner consuming two and a half
cubic feet of gas per hour, a tube of three inches in
diameter answers well. The upper or combustion chamber
is provided with a movable lid, which is luted into its
seat, and the lower chamber is provided with a tap for run-
ning off the water produced by the combustion of the gas.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The gas being
lighted at the ring burner, the products of combustion
pass up into the upper part of the upper chamber, and
thence descend through the hollow pillars or tubes, where
in their passage they are cooled and condensed, and fall
into the lower chamber in the form of water; the nitrogen
disengaged from the air passes out of the lower chamber
through the pipe or tube fixed in the bottom thereof.
Patent completed.

The wool or other material to be

2914 T. HORSLEY and G. KNIGHTON. Improvements in core bars or barrels. Dated November 8, 1866.

In constructing core bars or barrels, according to this in. vention a metallic cvlinder is employed, which is divided into sections, by preference in three sections, and these sections are hinged together; this, however, is not new. The present invention consists in the manner in which the sec tions are retained in the expanded state, and by which the sections are caused to contract in order to admit of the core being withdrawn from a casting. This is done by means of a sliding box mounted on one of the outer sec tions, and which carries taper keys or wedges which enter and are held by corresponding sockets on the other outer section. It is preferred that two of the sections of which a core bar or barrel is composed should be comparatively large, whilst the third section should be comparatively small, and the small section is hinged in such manner as its inner surface the sliding bolt or bar sliding in staples or to admit of its opening inwards. This small section has on guides; this sliding bolt has on it projecting fingers, with keys, wedges, or catches thereon, which, when the cylinder is expanded to its full dimensions, and the bolt is slidden endwise, enter sockets, staples, or catches fixed on the interior of another section of the cylinder, and by such means the core is retained in its expanded condition; but on sliding back the sliding bolt, the fingers with the keys or

projections thereon pass out of the sockets, staples, or catches, and the smaller section readily falls or is moved inwards, and then the other parts can readily contract also. Patent completed.

2915 J. T. KERSHAW. An improved ventilator. Dated November 9, 1866.

This invention consists in the adoption of a back or valve falling into the chimney in such a manner as to throttle the said chimney, and so prevent it withdrawing from the lated, or from the lower part of the room, apartment, or lower part of the room, apartment, or shop to be ventioff, and so compelling the chimney to withdraw the rest of the air it is capable of carrying off from the upper part of the room or apartment or shop to be ventilated, which air is the hot or impure air to be got rid of. Patent aban

2909 G. SHAW. Improvements in the manufacture of
coke, and the small coke called breezes, and in the manufac-shop below or adjoining, all the air it is capable of carrying
ture of coal gas. (A communication.) Dated November 8,

1866.

The patentee claims crushing or reducing to powder the coal from which the coke or breezes are to be manufactured, and mixing with the powdered coal, lime or chalk or other calcareous substance, which on being heated yields lime, This invention relates to an improved mode of, and ap- and after exposing the coal so treated to the coking process, paratus for, cleaning the walls of public buildings or prior to decomposition in gas retorts, quenching the coke vate houses, objects of art in stone, marble, or metal; while at a red heat with a large quantity of water, so as to walls, pictures, carriages, waggons, and all objects generally remove from the coke the sulphide and phosphide of calcium that require a complete cleaning, and consists in the appli- formed by the combination of any sulphur or phosphorus eation of steam pressure and the employment of different in the coal with the calcium of lime. Secondly, manufacliquids suitable for cleansing or for coating or washing turing coal gas free, or nearly free, from sulphur by crushing with a solution for silicating the surface when desired. or reducing to powder the coal from which the coal gas is The apparatus employed for this purpose consists of an to be manufactured, and mixing with the powdered coal injector or suitable apparatus for raising and delivering the lime or chalk or other calcareous substance, which, on cleaning liquids, and also a steam pipe connected with a being heated, yields lime, and exposing the coal so treated movable generator. Patent completed. to heat in the gas retorta. Patent abandoned

2905 T. KERSHAW. Certain improvements in that portion of a loom that is employed in “taking up" the cloth. Dated November 8, 1866.

This invention relates to that portion of the "taking-up motion" of a loom for weaving, ordinarily termed the 46 emery rǝller," and consists in a novel adaptation to the

said roller, whereby the coating of emery ordinarily applied to the surface thereof may be dispensed with, and a superior effect obtained. At the back part or inner side of the said roller the patentee applies another roller, preferably of smaller diameter, and composed of or covered with a substance of an elastic or partially elastic character, such as caoutchouc, gutta-percha, leather, cork, woven or felted fabrics, or other suitable material, the journals or bearings of the said additional roller having sufficient play in their supports to admit of its resting upon or in close contact with the surface of the main roller. The woven cloth is passed around the main roller to the point of contact with the additional roller, over which last-named roller the cloth is passed and secured to the cloth beam in the usual manner, the action of the above described combination of rollers being such that the hold upon the cloth increases with the strain upon or weight applied to the warp. Patent completed.

2906 J. K. HEYWOOD. Improvements in machinery and cutters for making bungs and taps for barrels and other utensils. Dated November 8, 1866.

2910 W. E. GEDGE. An improved method of and apparatus for preserving the banks of rivers and watercourses or other embankments from corrosion or wasting. (A communication) Dated November 8, 1866.

This invention consists in an apparatus composed of about 20in. long by 10in. in breadth, and varying from 2in. bricks or artificial or natural stone forming along cubes of to 6in. in thickness, tied together by iron rings, so as to form a network with which the part of the bank which is to be preserved is covered to preserve it from corrosion. Patent abandoned.

2911 R. J. EDWARDS. Improvements in the manufacture of emery and glass cloths and in dressing and preparing woven fabrics for the same, and also in apparatus for cutting such cloths. Dated November 8, 1866.

The object of this invention is to render woven fabrics impervious to the gluten or other adhesive substances used for fastening on pulverised emery, glass, or other abrasive substances. The patentee puts a thin film or sheet of paper on one or both sides of the cloth, fastening it on with flour, paste, or other gluten. Patent completed.

doned.

2916 C. D. NORTON. A new and improved method of making revolving boot and shoe heels. Dated November 9, 1866. The patentee makes a plain disc of metal, in the centre of which he makes a screw hole, and near the edge of the disc he makes certain other holes through which he screws the above disc to that part of the heel of the boot which is in a line with the waist. The other part of the heel he makes circular, let the thickness be what it may. Through the centre of the heel ne makes a hole, preparing previously a piece of metal or washer for the shoulder of the screw. On the upper surface of the circular heel, near the sides, he drives or screws in poin's sharpened. He then places the circular heel on the plate before mentioned, the points towards the heel. Through the before-mentioned holes in the centre of the heel he passes a pin with head and in the centre of the disc, and so screws upwards until the shoulder prepared beforehand to cora pond with the hole upper part of the heel by means of the screw. By this mode points mentioned above become countersunk in the disc or of action the revolving part of the wheel is held as firm as if it was nailed on. To unfasten, or enable the wearing surface to be changed, the screw is to be turned backwards until the points become free; next, the lower part of the heel is to be turned into the required position, then the screw is to be turned up again, so as to place it in its former position. This mode of proceeding renders the reheeling of a boot and shoe unnecessary during the entire wearing of the other parts. Patent completed.

2917 E. K. HEAPS. Improvements in cooking ranges. Dated November 9, 1866.

The first part of this invention consists in rendering an ordinary Yorkshire range capable of conversion at pleasure into a closed or into an open or ordinary Yorkshire range. Yorkshire ranges have been made with closed

2912 J. S. COOKE. Improvements in axle-boxes. (A fires, but not with the provision for converting them into

communication.) Dated November 8, 1866.

This invention relates, firstly, to the construction and to

The machinery employed for making bungs and tap3 for barrels, according to this invention, is arranged as follows:Against the spindle or face plate of an ordinary lathe or upright drilling machine the inventor fixes a hollow block or cylinder of iron or other suitable material; this block or cylin-efficiently lubricated. der he terms the cutter block; it is formed with a tail piece

that fits into the driving spindle of the lathe or drilling machine (the said spindle being hollow), whilst the outer end projects sufficiently far beyond the face plate or spindle for suitable cutters or knives to be fixed thoreto. On the said cutter block or cylinder he fixes four cuiters or knives by means of screws; inside of the cutter block or cylinder he places a spring, which rests against the bottom of the cutter block, whilst on the upper side of the said spring he

Yorkshire or open fire ranges. To effect this the patentee the mode of fitting of a stuffing box round the neck or uses an adjustable and movable plate of iron, furnished inside shoulder of the axle adjoining the journal; secondly, in the usual manner with an orifice, and so made as to to a combination of parts of axle boxes whereby the rest on either side of the fireplace, and on the bottom weight of the waggon or carriage is transmitted directly part of a strong permanent back or flue plate, which from the spring to the axle without puting weight on the back or flue plate is secured by bolts or screws to the axle box, and whereby the journal and brass are kept covering of the oven on one side and to the covering of the boiler on the other side. When a closed fire is reto the employment layer of packing of india-rubber, or other suitable or yield-quired, the smoke passes through an aperture in the brick ing material, above the brass, for the purpose of eqnalising work at the back of the fire, and then passes behind the the pressure upon the whole top surface of the brass. The invention cannot be described in detail without reference to the drawings. Patent completed.

2913 A. GILES and T. STURGEON. Improvements in machines for drying wool, corn, grain, and other substances. Dated November 8, 1866.

permanent back or flue plate into the chimney. When an open or Yorkshire range is required, the whole of the adjustable and movable plate of iron, with the orifice, is entirely removed; a damper, which is fitted into the back or flue plate behind the fireplace, is then pushed in, and by so doing the smoke is prevented from passing through the aperture behind the fire in the brickwork, and ascends in

cts

One part of this invention may be desc
ng An upright cylindrical chamber, fire f
he or sheet iron, or other suitable mat
or number of horizontal divisions by calar pa

'or

to

as

e:

forated zinc. wire, network, or other
Each of these plates has a piece on.
direction, or so as to reach from the sc
the centre, and to form an opening in

These plates are so placed that the op
come one immediately over the other, th
may be so much to one side of the
above it that the wool in falling from
will have to be carried almost entirely a
which it falls before it reaches the p
A vertical central shaft carries arms whi
to the diameter of the cylindrical chante
and these arms are either plain or fa
prong, so as to form rakes; or they may
is a set of these arms to each plate, ant a
circular motion is imparted to the s
ordinary driving gear. The wool or thr
dried is fed on to the top plate by man d
endless apron, and falls immedialysa
opening in that plate. It is then car
by the arms, rakes, or brushes, and when i cu
opening it drops through on to the next plaa 1
carried round by the second set of arms and
opening, falls on to the third plate, and
machine, until it falls from the machine 112.
into any suitable receptacle. Patent compita

In constructing core bars or barrels, a
vention a metallic evlinder is emplo
int> sections, by preference in three secti
tions are hinged together; this, howe,
present invention consists in the manor, İN ALİ
tions are retained in the expanded state, my
sections are caused to contract in de
core being withdrawn from a casting. The
means of a sliding box mounted and t
tions, and which carries taper keys or was to
and are held by corresponding sockets on
section. It is preferred that two of the
core bar or barrel is composed should be
large, whilst the third section should cost)
small, and the small section is binged SAS STA
to admit of its opening inwards. This sal
its inner surface the sliding bolt at bær dáng na
guides; this sliding bolt has on it pretty hy
keys, wedges, or catches thereon, whol, VAR Á“
is expanded to its full dimensions, and debts
end wise, enter sockets, staples, or catches fni:
terior of another section of the cylinder,
the core is retained in its expanded cotto
sliding back the sliding bolt, the fingers van a
projections thereon pass out of the
catches, and the smaller section readily balan
wards, and then the other parts can readly ans
Patent completed.

2915 J. T. KERSHAW. As improved setian
November 9, 1866.

This invention consists in the adoptin fini
falling into the chimney in such a man a 10
the said chimney, and so prevent it sabut
lower part of the room, apartment, ir d
lated, or from the lower part of the requ
shop below or adjoining, all the air it a
off, and so compelling the chimney.
of the air it is capable of carrying of 27
of the room or apartment or shop to be
air is the hot or impure air to be at de
doned.

2916 C. D. NORTON. A new and
making revolving boot and shot hesit. Duis for
1866.

The patentee makes a plain disc of mutua which he makes a screw hole, and near thes he makes certain other holes through whit pë above disc to that part of the heel of thes line with the waist. The other part of the se circular, let the thickness be what a Su centre of the heel ne makes a bole, pres piece of metal or washer for the showdat the upper surface of the circular bet, drives or screws in poin's sharpened. H circular heel on the plate before mections, wards the heel. Through the before-N the centre of the heel be passes a p shoulder prepared beforehand to exteps Niin the centre of the dise, and so screw points mentioned above become countes upper part of the heel by means of thei of action the revolving part of the win if it was nailed on. To unfasten, or fadin surface to be changed, the sc ewistle until the points become free; er, s heel is to be turned into the requ screw is to be tarned up again, former position. This mode of pres heeling of a boot and shoe annoy wearing of the other parts. Pates

2917 E. K. HEAPS. Improvement in y
Dated November 9, 1866.

The first part of this invention consissa
ordinary Yorkshire range capable of
into a closed or into an open or
range. Yorkshire ranges have been

fires, but not with the provision for ana Yorkshire or open fire ranges. Tod uses an adjustable and movable plan in the usual manner with an crifice, I part of a strong permanent back or fo back or flue plate is secured br b Covering of the oveN ON ONE SIDE A the boler on the other side Wher quired, the smoke passes through in petun

rest on either side of the fireplace,

work at the back of the fire, and then permanent hack or flue plate inte the open or Yo kshire range is request 24adjustable and mɔrable plate of ine removed; a damper, which is fins

the fireplace, is the est

the regular way, as in an ordinary open or Yorkshire fire 2925 A. GOBERT. An improved method of lubricating
range, for the smoke now passes in front of the back or flue axletrees of fixed engines. Dated November 10, 1866.
plate, whereas the smoke passed through the aperture in This invention cousists in forming a role through the
the brickwork, and bebind the back or flue plate when as a cushion on which the axletrees of fixed engines revolve; and
closed fire range. The second part of the invention consists the object of the invention is to apply oil and other fluid
in the adaptation of a curved flue to the side boiler, such lubricating matters to the axletrees of fixed engines in
flue forming a part of the same, and affording greater motion from beneath, through the agency of a wick or pad
heating surface, as well as allowing greater depth of passing through the cushion, and possessing capillary
boiler, and consequently a larger amount of water con-attraction. Patent completed.
tained in the boiler. Similar flues have been used in back

2926 H. A. BONNEVILLE. An improved manure obtained
or bath boilers to force water and other liquids with, but by an improved process of purifying foul waters. (A com-
this flue has never been adapted to common side boilers.munication.) Dated November 10, 1866.
(This boiler is not to force water with.) The third part of
the invention consists in the adaptation of firebrick to the
bottom of sheet iron and cast-iron ovens in lieu of the
metal bottoms. Patent completed.

This invention relates to shuttle binders in the boxes of

looms. Instead of the ordinary rigid swell motion of the
shuttle boxes the inventors employ at each end of the lathe
or batten a curvilinear oscillating pressure apparatus,
actuated by the shuttle when it boxes clear of the warp,
so as to receive, press against, and travel with the shuttle
to assist in checking its progress before meeting the
pickers, and enabling it to have an easy entrance and
delivery from the boxes one to the other when driven by
the pickers, thereby considerably reducing the power re-
quired to work the loom, and diminishing the wear in the
parts that operate the shuttle action. Patent abandoned.
2919 W. CASSAP. Improvements in means for expediting
the putting out of ships' boats. Dated November 9, 1866.
This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

2920 S. W. WOODBOFFE. Improvements in the construc-
tion of privies, dustholes, commodes, waterclosets, ashpits,
and tank covers, and for other similar purposes. Dated
November 9, 1866.

This invention consists in the employment of one or more discs, flaps, doors, or covers hinged or otherwise attached to the underside of a seat, flap, door, or cover, above which is placed another seat, flap, door, or cover. This last-mentioned seat, flap, door, or cover is capable of being depressed by hand, or by the weight of the user, or other weight; such upper seat, flap, door, or cover has projections on its under side which pass through slits or apertures in the lower seat, flap, door, or cover, and press upon projections on the upper side of the first-mentioned disc or discs, flaps, doors, or covers, which has or have weights or equivalent contrivances on its or their lower side, so that it or they shall effectually close or cover over an orifice or orifices at, to, or near which it or they is or are attached whenever there is no pressure upon the upper seat, flap, door, or cover. But when pressure is applied to the upper seat, flap, door, or cover such hinged or otherwise attached discs, flaps, doors, or covers will recede, slide, or fall away from beneath the orifice, leaving the whole space below such orifice open for the passage of any substance or liquid which it may be desirable to pass through the same, and on the seat being relieved of pressure the discs, flaps, doors, or covers will assume such position that they shall form an airtight closure, and thus prevent escape of effluvia or noxious gas or vapour. Patent completed.

This invention relates to an improved process of using mineral substances, or such as are of vegetable origin, combined with lime, in order to obtain the purification of those waters which come from factories, households, closets, gutters, and sewers. The following materials are used:First, the lignites in general (a production of vegetable origin) arising from the decomposition of plants which bave not entirely undergone the coal transformation, friable or not, whatever may be the colour. Secondly, an imitation of the lignites which may be obtained by means of pit coal, or the coke resulting from the carbonisation of this pit coal; and, finally, charcoal and all artificial coals, sulphate of iron, commonly called copperas. Thirdly, clay, commonly known as potter's clay, which is mixed with the substances indicated in the above-mentioned paragraph. Fourthly, lime, which must always be used concurrently with one of the above-mentioned substances, and after being slaked. Patent completed.

2927 H. A. BONNEVILLE. An improved apparatus for pumping or ventilating. (A communication.) Dated No. vember 10, 1866.

This invention relates to an improved pump, which may
be used to draw water, or for the purpose of ventilation;
it is specially applicable to mining operations or hydraulic
works. It is both a suction and a forcing pump, and con-
sists of an elliptical box made of cast iron, or some other
convenient and resisting metal, in which turn two parallel
fluted rollers or cores, bearing big rounded teeth and slopes
which catch into each other as they roll round. During
their rotation, which is actuated by their axles passing
through the bottoms of the box, these teeth graze
the inside of the box and catch into each other at the
central part of the box, leaving no space between
them and the inside part of the box they graze, and suck-
ing up the water or the air by a conduit opening into one
of the sides of the box, whilst forcing the water or air by
another conduit on the opposite side of the same. Patent
completed.

2928 H. A. BONNEVILLE. Improvements in coffee hullers.
(A communication.) Dated November 10, 1866.
This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

2930 H. A. BONNEVILLE. A new and improved sorter,
and a drilling machine connected therewith. (A communi.
cation.). Dated November 10, 1866.

causing all the round oleaginous grains to go out from
The principle of this invention lies in the cleansing and
corn, barley, oats, and of all cereal plants, and that
by means of a cylinder of larger dimensions than that
having a round bottom, retains the round grains and
ordinarily used, which, pierced with oblique holes, and
prevents their spilling with the corn,
increased the length of the cylinder, and diminished its
The inventor has
diameters, so as to have a greater yield than by the old
arrangement in the same amount of time, giving the corn a
better cleansing by the increased velocity the cylinder ac-
quires by reason of its diminished diameter, and the conse-
quent increase in the amount of ground that the corn
in the cylinder travels over. Patent completed.

2931 H. A. BONNEVILLE. An improved apparatus to exca-
vate and remove the mud or such like bodies out of harbours,
havens, &c. (A communication.) Dated November 10,
1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

2921 J. H. JOHNSON. Improvements in fastenings or
couplings. (A communication.) Dated November 9, 1866.
The essential feature of this peculiar fastening or coupl-
ing consists in the employment of a stem and a socket com-
bined with a locking and releasing pin. The stem is pro-
vided with a curved notch on one side, if intended to
remain fixed when coupled, or with an annular curved
groove all round, if intended to be capable of rotating or
swivelling when coupled. The interior of the socket piece
corresponds to the shape of the stem, and through one side
of it there is passed transversely the locking and releasing
pin, which, in all cases, is of a circular section. This pin
has a notch made on one side of it of a corresponding sec-mitting telegrams between remote places. Dated November
2932 G. LITTLE. Improvements in instruments for trans-
tion to the stem to be coupled, the radius of the pin being 10, 1866.
the same as the radius of the curved notch or curved
annular groove in the stem. In coupling or fastening the
two parts together, the locking pin in the socket is first
turned, so as to cause its notch to coincide with the interior
of such socket. A free ingress is thus afforded to the stem,
which is now inserted, and when home it is secured to the
socket by simply turning the locking pin, so as to bring
its solid portion into the transverse notch or annular groove
in the stem. To release or uncouple the parts, the locking
pin is turned back again, so as to bring its notch opposite
the stem, when the latter will be free to be withdrawn
from the socket. Putent completed.

2922 F. B. DERRING. Improvements in engines for boring
rock and other mineral, and in frames or stands for boring
engines. Dated November 9, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

2923 W. E. NEWTON. Improvements in pocket knives.
(A communication.) Dated November 9, 1866.
This invention consists in so arranging a slot or bayonet
joint in the shank of the blade that the blade can be in-
serted in or removed from the handle by sliding it on or
off the usual pin or pivot upon which it turns without any
change in the handle or pivot. Patent completed.

other suitable

The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus
for telegraphic purposes which shall be of such a degree
of being worked by electrical waves of low power through
of sensitiveness that it shall be capable, when desired,
great distances. By reason of this feature the improved
apparatus will be found to be especially adapted for use
upon long submarine or subterranean lines; at the same
time it is exceedingly simple in its principles, and in its
construction and operation. The apparatus consists of
a magnetised steel band, or of a magnetised steel needle,
or of the equivalent of either thereof, in combination with
an air chamber or float of any suitable form, though
the patentee prefers that its form should be spherical,
composed of glass, metal, or of any other proper material,
and provided with two stems or projecting points, and
caused to float in alcoholic spirit or
medium, contained within a tube or receptacle of glass or
other transparent substauce, and so arranged that the
north and south poles of the steel or equivalent, when the
telegraphic purposes by the polarity of the earth, and
latter is floating in the tube, shall be kept in a position for
zontal coils of insulated copper wire, in such a manner
the whole apparatus being managed in the inside of hori-
that when alternate or reverse currents of voltaic electricity
are passed through the coils, in the way well known
2924 W. E. NEWTON. Improvements in treating vege
to practical electricians, the poles of the steel band or equi-
table substances. (A communication) Dated November
valent will be made to dip alternately to the north and
9, 1866.
south poles of the earth, and will thereby cause the steins
The patentee claims the process set forth of treating of the air chamber or flat to deflect to the right or to the
vegetable substances which contain fibres with a solution left, according as may be desired for the purpose of indi-
of sulphurous acid in water, either with or without the
cating dots and dashes, or any other conventional telegra-
addition of sulphites heated in a close vessel under pres-phic signs or characters which may be preferred. Patent
sure, to a temperature sufficient to cause it to dissolve the completed.
intercellular or cementing constituents of such vegetable
substances, so as to leave the undissolved portion in a
fibrous state, suitable for the manufacture of paper pulp,
cellulose or fibres, or for other purposes according to the
nature of the material employed. He also claims the use
and application of sulphites or other salts of equivalent
chemical properties, as above described, in combination
with a solution of sulphurous acid in water as an agent in
treating vegetable substances which contain fibres wben
heated therewith in a close vessel under pressure to a tem-
perature sufficient to cause the said acid solution to dissolve
the intercellular or cementing constituent of the said vege-
table substance. Patent completed.

2933 W. ROBERTSON and C. J. WADDELL. Improve-
ments in oarding engines. Dated November 10, 1856.
This invention relates to carding engines, and to that
part known as the" doffing comb." To produce the oscil.
lations of the crank of the carding engine a pinion is fas-
tened upon a short shaft held in a socket bolted upon the
framing, and geared with the doffer wheel. On the other
end of this shaft is fas ened a wheel, external or internal,
and geared therewith another internal or external wheel,
and larger or less, according to the number of oscillations
desired, and held in oscillating contact therewith by means
of central pins. The oscillating wheel is connected by
a rod to the doffing comb frame, and communicates its

oscillations thereto. By this arrangement the oscillations
of the comb are always true to the surface speed of the
doffer, the pinion by which the doffer is changed also
changing relatively the number of oscillations of its
doffing comb. Patent completed.

munication.) Dated November 10, 1866.
2934 G. WHITE. An improved steam engine. (A com-

This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

2935 H. HITCHINS and W. WOOD. Cutting or dressing stone for building purposes, and for moulding or turning same for ornamental purposes. Dated November 10, 1866. The stone to be cut, dressed, or moulded is placed upon a travelling or revolving platform, and caused by the aid of machinery to slide under a framework of wood, iron, or other metal, in which are fixed cutters, chisels, or picks used for the cutting, dressing, or moulding the stone, in order to bring the stone in contact with the cutters, chisels, or picks fixed in the said frame. When the stone is to be turned, it is made to rotate on centres; a vertical or curvilinear motion is given to the frame containing the cutters, chisels, or picks, through the medium of tumblers, cams, tappets, eccentrics, or cranks, all or either being put in motion by means of wind, water, steam, air, compressed air, galvanism, electro-magnetism, human, or other motive power. The cutters, chisels, or picks are tightened or depressed as may be necessary to form the pattern of the moulding required. Patent abandoned.

2936 F. B. DONISTHORPE. Improvements in finishing purts of woollen garments. Dated November 10, 1866.

This invention relates to the finishing of the tops and edges of woollen stockings and shirts or other garments, which is usually done by stitching before milling, and consists in drawing the top or edge of the stocking or shirt or other garment through a pair of spring holders after the said top or edge suitably finished without stitching. process of milling, whereby the selvage is unrolled and the Patent completed.

2937 G. Josse. Improvements in ornamenting and producing certain figured and embossed surfaces for various useful purposes. Dated November 10, 1866.

This invention has reference to the combination and mode of producing various surface ornamentations upon metallic paper, cardboard, tinsel, paper mâché, wood, enamel, tinted, painted, and plain papers, textile and other fabrics, applicable for showcards, labels, screens, theatrical decorations, placards, advertising or otherwise, and consists in employing for the above purposes metallic and other preparations such as bronze, gold, or silver powders, flock, paint, enamel, or distemper colours, by applying the same to faces as above through the medium of block printing, the various surlithography, embossing, or photography, whereby a greater brilliancy of effect is obtained than by the ordinary process of register or colour printing, as at present. Patent abandoned.

2938 J. F. CAULKINS and W. J. ARMSTRONG. An imber 10, 1866.

provement in the construction of ships' anchors. Dated No

shank of an anchor to each other in such manner that the
This invention consists in connecting the flukes and
three bearings or supports thereon when the anchor is in
flukes will be free to move on the shank, and have at least
holding position under strain. Near the outer end of the
shank, on the vertical sides, that is, vertical when the
anchor is in holding position, four shoulders are formed on
each side, two at short distances from each other. These
shoulders may either be raised pieces on the shank, or the
shank may be made thinner in the length between them.
The flukes are formed so as to have an elongated opening
in their length from the concave to the convex surfaces,
and they are shipped or connected on to the shank between
the shoulders, the distance of which from the inner to the
outer ones determines the distance the flukes can move,
The flukes may either work loosely on the shank, or on a
pin passing through the flukes and shank. In holding
position, the concave and convex surfaces of the flukes bear
respectively on inner and outer shoulders, and that end of
the fluke uppermost for the time being rests against the
then upper side of the shank. When the through pin is
abandoned.
providing a fourth bearing or support for the flukes. Patent
used a portion of the strain might be borne by it, thus

PROVISIONAL PROTECTIONS.

Dated January 23, 1867.
ladies' belt.
167 J. M. Stanley, Birmingham.

Improvements in

Dated February 9, 1867. 372 E. A. Kirby, M.D., Gordon-square. A new or improved portable miniature dispensary and instrument case for the use of medical practitioners and for general purposes.

Dated April 13, 1867. 1101 E. Stevens, Pentonville-road. Improvements in steels and forks, and in sharpeners for knives, scissors, and edged tools. Dated April 27, 1867. 1218 J. W. Cochran, Southampton-buildings, Chancerylane. An improved level. (Partly a communication.) Dated May 2, 1867. 1272 P. Salmon, Great Smith-street, Westminster. Imholding the same. provements in the manufacture of gas, and in apparatus for

Harpur-place, Bedford. Improvements in clarinets, oboes, 1280 J. Smyth, Wood-street, Woolwich, and S. Kirby, bassoons, and such like metal and wood wind musical

instruments.

1410 R. H. Padbury, Shoreditch, sewing machine manuAnfacturer. A new or improved shuttle for sewing machines. 1411 G. Lunge, Ph.D., South Shields, Durham. Im1333 S. E. Hallett, Bedford-place, barrister-at-law. An provements in the preparation of ores, metals, and other improved method of capturing salmon and other fish in | substances for working furnaces. rivers and inland waters.

1413 J. Leetch, Birmingham, gun manufacturer. Im1335 E. Bourdon, engineer, Rue de Malte, Paris. Improvements in cartridge holders, more especially adapted provements in valves for regulating the flow of liquids, for shooting coats and belts. gases, and other elastic fluids.

1357 J. Gaskell, Blackburn, Lancashire. Improved machinery or apparatus for building cops in winding ma-ing the same. chines.

1359 J. Nixon and J. Winterbottom, Sheffield, cutlery manufacturers. Improved machinery for piercing and drilling tangs and scales for table knives and forks, table and butchers' steels, and butchers' knives.

1361 T. J. Mayall, Bouverie-street. Improvements in means or apparatus employed in printing.

1363 G. Donisthorpe, Leeds, top and noil manufacturer. Improvements in machinery for combing wool and other Abres.

1365 R. and A. Wood, Parkfield-street, Islington, type founders. Improvements in the method of, and apparatus for, treating or pressing paper, pasteboard, and similar materials after printing on the same.

1466 G. G. Bernhardt, Radcliffe, Lancashire, spinner and manufacturer. Improvements in or applicable to 1374 T. Brown, Newgate-street, civil engineer. An im-racter for spinning, twisting, and doubling fibrous matethrostle and doubling frames and machines of like chaproved egg beater, the same being applicable for mixing rials. liquors and for other like purposes. (A communication.) 1375 T. Brown, Newgate-street, civil engineer. An improved coffeepot. (A communication.)

1387 A. Cooper, Birmingham, manufacturer. Improve-system of cartridge for le faucheux and other guns. (A PATENTS ON WHICH THE STAMP DUTY OF 950

1397 J. Walker, ironmonger, Sheffield. Improvements in
the construction of the standards and other parts of scales PATENTS APPLIED FOR WITH COMPLETE SPECI-
and beams for weighing purposes, and for the mode of
connecting the same.

1575 H. A. Bonneville, Porchester-terrace, Bayswater.
Improvements in the production of motive power and in the
apparatus connected therewith. (A communication.)
1576 H. A. Bonneville, Porchester-terrace, Bayswater.
Improvements in machinery for carding wool and other
fibrous materials. (A communication.)
1577 H. A. Bonneville, Porchester-terrace, Bayswater. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr.
Improvements in machinery for weaving wool and other
fibrous materials. (A communication.)

JUNE 7,1

Sealed May 31, 18,

3165 S. J. Browning

3179 J. A. Coffey

3194 J. M. Worrall

3199 V. Vandroy

3207 W. Clark

3200 J. Toward

3204 F. Palmer

NOTICES OF INTENTION TO PROCED
PATENTS

From the London Gazette, June 4,

154 J. Edwards. Horseshoe cushion.

163 J. Northrop and S. and W. H. Zley, chinery.

174 T. Ross. Lenses.

178 F. Palmer. Vessels of war.

184 W. P. and G. Phillips and D. Pe tural devices.

200 J. Clark. Packing bales

203 H. Boys. Training hops. 208 P. Jensen. Wheel gearing, (ACC 209 M. H. Lishman and E, Chambers Care 228 G. Haseltine. Pulling fax (A 232 J. Haworth. Tramways

235 J. Hopkinson. Ventilation of nine

d

236 W. Dickinson. Looms

251 P. Ellis. Breechloading firearm.

261 C. W. Siemens. Developing powerful d rents. (Partly a communication.)

263 E. J. Padbury. Pipes

264 C. E. Brooman. Preparing sik tion.)

269 E. T. Hughes. Cutting screws. Am tion.)

276 W. Fisk and D. Fisken. Siem bailes 286 N. T. Folsom. Atmospheric plate teeth.

290 J. G. Robinson. Kilns

298 J. G. Tongue. Self-oiling spindles (im cation.)

300 D. Greig, R. Barton, and F. Parke tilling land.

302 C. P.S. Wardwell. Machine kink 316 G. Haseltine. Weavers' barnes tion.)

324 J. G. Tongue. Drying yarn. A 393 W. Clark. Motive power. (Ac 429 A. V. Newton. Water meter. (A 512 E. Chapron. Peat.

789 0, Allhasen. Treating small pri 911 D. Foster and E. Cooke. Casting se 1269 E. B. Bigelow Looms. 1310 J. Hemsley. Tabular fabrics 1338 R. Marsden and U. Bromley, Railway in 1366 S. W. Worssam. Working wood, 1377 W. E. Newton. Welding ira. A tion.)

1423 C. Randolph. Propelling reels.

The full titles of the patents in the a ascertained by referring back to their names 12 provisional protections previously pullistet

Opposition can be entered to the gras fi any of the parties in the above list who have of their intention to proceed, with w the date of the Gazette in which the leaving at the Commissioners' office parte of the objection to the application.

JUNE 14, 1867.

THE

MECHANICS' MAGAZINE.

LONDON: FRIDAY, JUNE 14, 1867.

THE PARIS EXHIBITION.

THE MECHANICS' MAGAZINE

Tbetween the production of the furnaces
is a certain proportion existing

365

work, either with head or hands or with both, which M. Schneider became the proprietor in until what at first was a thinly populated 1836, we may briefly sum up for the present village becomes a thriving, busy, thickly in- by mentioning that the steam power reaches a habited district. A difference must be made total of 10,000 horses; the number of embetween an instance of the kind we are allud-ployés is also 10,000, and the daily wages ing to, and that in which, owing to the dis- amount to £1,400. It may be mentioned en covery of a gold mine or other source of passant that the proprietor of these premises treasure, a sudden influx of people spreads occupies the prominent position of President over a previously almost uninhabited locality. of the Corps Legislatif, and no one will for a Frequently the disappearance of a population moment deny that the post is as much of this description is as sudden as its ap- honoured as the man who fills it. Pacca, and, as swallows disappear at the coming pendous scale yet worthy to occupy a place pearance; it is of a purely migratory cha- Next in order and although on a less stuin the shape of pig iron and in the quantity of of winter, so does it take a rapid flight at the near Creusot, we find the exhibition of MM. iron subsequently turned out either as castings first approach of adversity. The motives ac- Dupont and Dreyfus, the owners of the works or in the usual forms of plates and the nume-tuating the one are those of honest profit and of Saint Paul and Saint Benoit at Ars-surrous sections of wrought iron, has been well fair remuneration for their labour, while those Moselle; of those of Apremont and Chamestablished, but the ratio cannot be regarded governing the other are merely the expecta-pignealtes at Ardennes; and of Cheppy, in as following any particular law or invariable tion of becoming rich with comparatively La Meuse. Their speciality is the manustandard. To endeavour to determine any little toil and exertion. About twenty years facture of iron for the purposes of con"rapport" between the quantity of ore ago the population of Creusot was scarcely struction, and include all the various forms raised from the mines of any one country and 3,000. It now reaches 24,000, nearly the and sections employed in the fabrication the amount of wrought iron thereby extracted whole of which are more or less connected of railway plant, marine, agricultural, and and manufactured would be a still more diffi- with the personnel of the premises of M. other machinery. They exhibit some fine cult task. Independently that a certain quan- Schneider. The iron ore is extracted from specimens of axles, buffers, tires, and tity is consumed in castings, it is well known mines situated in the Valley of Mazénay, and of nearly every detail of machinery. One that a loss always attends the refining pro- occupying a surface of 4,000 acres. Rail- special feature of the establishment is that it cesses, and the conversion of the pig into ways, forming a junction with the Lyons manufactures nearly everything it requires wrought iron, and, moreover, since the home main line transport the ore to Creusot, a dis- for its own wants. It makes its own fireore is always mixed with a variable propor- tance of twenty-five miles. In addition to bricks, and has its own gasworks, and endeation of imported ironstone, or the produce with locomotives for shunting and hauling pur-vours to carry out as far as possible the prinforeign pig, a new element scarcely capable poses at the site of the mines, six stationary ciple of self provision. It is well known that of estimation is introduced into the calculation. engines of 100-horse power are employed for many workshops are not capable of turning Commencing with France, we shall lay before hoisting, lifting, and pumping. For the pro- out rapidly any description of work which is our readers the results which have attended duction of a superior description of iron the not in the usual routine of their business, the exertions of the great iron manufacto- ores from Berry and La Franche-Comté are because, as frequently occurs, they do not ries and engineering establishments in that principally used, and also the rich specular possess the requisite machinery and resources country, and which are exhibited in "L'Exposi- iron ores, the hematites Fe2O3 from the for so doing. MM. Dupont and Dreyfus tion Universelle." It would be to little or no Island of Elba, and the magnetic ore Fes 04, have paid particular attention to this conpurpose to notice the isolated attempts of indi- or, as it is sometimes written, Fe2O3 + FeO, tingency, and are thus enabled to supply at viduals, unless where those attempts have been from the Algerian mines of Mocha-el-Hadid. the usual rate bar and other iron which from accompanied either with great practical utility its exceptional form and weight would be conor evince designs of undoubted skill and mesidered as "extra" at establishments less libechanical talent. In fact, to think of alluding rally supplied than their own. We shall never in detail to the various specimens and exammake much further progress in our examples ples in any particular section would be an herof engineering construction until we can proculean task, and as profitless as gigantic. cure rolled iron of forms and dimensions exAmong the first, if not occupying the very ceeding very considerably both in variety and first position in the class of manufactures we extent those at present usually in the market. are considering is the engineering and mechaEven at present, notwithstanding the resources nical establishment of Creusot, and we shall possessed by our large iron firms, it is suraccordingly give it the precedence over its conprising what a time elapses between the sending an order and its fulfilment, especially if the iron required be the least out of the usual run either in shape or weight.

frères.

THE ART OF BORING. [NQUESTIONABLY the first attempts at

UNQUESTIONA made for the purpose of

MM. Schneider have sent for exhibition a model in relief of their coal mines, showing all the working arrangements of the galleries, drifts, shafts, and the engines and machinery employed in and about them. These mines are close to the premises, and afford both rich and poor coal. Their annual yield in 1837 was 60,000 tons; in 1847, it amounted to 10,000 tons; it reached 150,000 tons in ten years after, and their present extractions may be quoted at a quarter of a million tons. From the coal is prepared the coke, which is always The proprietor, M. Schneider, has evidently an important operation and demands a good imposed upon himself the task of demon- deal of experience and skill. This process has strating to his own nation and the world at been systematically organised at Creusot, and large what his skill, energy, enterprise, and a large amount of capital expended in bringing resources can accomplish towards placing it to perfection. The preliminary step conhis establishment on a similar footing with sists in separating the rich from the poor coal any of our own, and it must be confessed that, and pulverising it. Subsequently the poor coal although we may fairly dispute any supe- is washed, ground, and then mixed in a cerriority, we are bound in common justice to tain proportion with the other. The mixture obtaining water, and until recently it was acknowledge a perfect equality. "Creusot," is enclosed in a machine worked by hydraulic restricted to that special duty. The disas it stands at the Exhibition, may be stated power, and after being thoroughly mixed up tinctive characteristic of boring compared with to represent a complete history of the working is discharged into the waggons which are the general term sinking is, that in the of iron and coal mines; of the operation and ready to take it to the furnaces. These latter former a rotary or screw motion is supposed to processes to which their produce is submitted; are arranged upon two separate principles, be imparted to the body sunk in the earth, of the conversion of the former into pig by one of which is that of the Belgian type, and whereas in the latter no such motion is conthe aid of the latter; of the manufacture the other of Appolt, the former being hori-sidered to take place. Thus whether a body from the pig of wrought iron of every con- zontal and the latter vertical. From the dis- be sunk in the ground by the force of impact ceivable shape and dimensions; and, finally, crepancy of their relative numbers it would as in pile driving, or by the simple superimof the application of the cast and wrought appear that the Appolt furnaces are the excep- position of so much dead weight, or by the iron to the construction of machines, station- tion, since they only amount to ten, whereas compression or exhaustion of air as in Hughes's ary and locomotive. Before proceeding to there are 150 of the other class. With respect and Pott's methods, there is an entire abdescribe in detail the splendid examples of me- to blast furnaces, there are at Creusot eighteen sence of all idea of a screw motion accompanychanical art exhibited by "Creusot," such as of these vast laboratories where the fusion and ing the getting down of the piles, cylinders, are to be found in the marine engines of the transformation-we might almost say, the or whatever shape the sunken body may armour-plated "Ocean," and the steam ram transmutation-of metals is effected by the assume. One generally connects the term "Cerbère," in the machine for raising coal united agency of an intense heat, the reducing boring with the notion of an auger having a skips, in locomotives and other engines on a action of gas, and the combination of carbon. diameter of about 2in. or 3in., or at any rate similar scale of inagnitude, we may first direct The increase in the production of the furnaces not exceeding that usually employed in sinkour attention to some interesting facts and de- during the last twenty years has been from a ing wells on the artesian principle; but it is tails connected with the establishment itself, minimum of 5,000 tons to a maximum of evident that the ordinary method of sinking a its rise and progress, and its ultimate attain- 135,000 tons. Creusot possesses a magnificent screw pile is nothing else than boring, the ment to its present high position and prestige. forging department, comprising 130 puddling pile itself being the bit." Sometimes piles Ali large establishments similar to that of and 80 heating furnaces, 31 steam hammers, and cylinders are "got down" by the comCreusot, Essen, and others, become foci or 14 puddling rolls, and 27 plate rolls, the whole bined action of sinking and boring, but the centres of civilisation around which con- of which are worked by 85 steam engines, with combination of the double process is very gregate and increase pari passu with the a combined power of 7,000 horses. About troublesome, and its effect is not in proportion success of the undertaking a colony of 110,000 tons are the annual result of the to the trouble incurred. There are three prinskilled artisans, labourers, and, in fact, of Creusot forges. Without going into further cipal considerations limiting the application of all those who are able and willing to details respecting this vast establishment of the art of boring; the first is the expense, the