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We (Times) learn from Havre that the first of a number of armour-plated frigates for the Japanese Government has just been finished at the Seyne building yards, near Toulon, It is called the Taïcoun, and will cost three millions and a half. By special permission of the Minister of Marine, six guns-350 to 450 pounders, and costing each 60,000f-are comprised in the amount of the con

tract.

In addition to the iron-clad frigate "Hercules," and the turret-ship" Monarch," building at Chatham, the Lords of the Admiralty have directed a double screw steamer, to be named the "Beacon," to be laid down at that establishment, and built during the present year. The new vessel is to be constructed on the composite principle, the frames being of iron, and the planking and the other parts of wood.

The next annual meeting of the Institution of Naval Architects will be held in London, on the 11th, 12th, and 13th of April next. Papers intended to be read, together with any drawings connected with them, should be sent to the assistant secretary, No.7, Adelphi-terrace, on or before the 21st of March.

In view of the close of the financial year, the Royal Gun factories at Woolwich, are actively engaged in hastening the construction of the large

At the monthly ballot of the Institution of Civil Engineers on Tuesday evening last, Charles Hutton Gregory Esq., Vice-President, in the chair, the following candidates were balloted for, and declared to be duly elected, including fifteen members, viz.: Messrs. C. C. Baker, Henry Baylis, Michael Beazeley, James Bolland, William Crozier, James Deas, Thomas Fenwick, D. C. Grose, J. W. Grover, Henry Law, William Lawford, George Owen, Charles Robins, Francis Stevenson, and T. J. Thompson; and seventeen Associatas, viz.; Messrs. W. H. Ashwell, J. P. Colbron, Vice-Admiral George Elliot; Messrs. William Francis, J. C. Hawkshaw, B.A., F. C. Hennet, H. P. Higginson, John Hawkins, jun., G. A. Hutchins, C. E. Mackintosh, J. J. Myres, jun., Charles O'Neili, Captain Robert Robertson, R. N.; Messrs. A. C. Sherriff, M.P., H. T. Tanner, C. B. Trollope, and W. C. Unwin, B.Sc.

Two large floating cisterns constructed at CherThey are intended to supply the aquariums of the bourg have arrived at Havre on their way to Paris. Exhibition with sea water, and during its continuauce will make constant trips between the sea

and Paris.

the Kensington Museum, for the exhibition of numeAn ingenious contrivance has been adopted at rous drawings within a small area. The apparatus has of a wheel with radiating

Patents for Inventions.

ABRIDGED SPECIFICATIONS OF PATENTS Tae Abridged Specifications of Patents given below are classified, according to the subjects to which the respective inventions refer, in the following Table. By the system order of the specifications is preserved, and combined with of classification adopted, the numerical and chronological all the advantages of a division into classes. It should be understood that these abridgements are prepared exclusively for this Magazine from official copies supplied by the Government, and are therefore the property of the Proprietors of this Magazine. Other papers are hereby warned not to produce them without an acknowledgeBOILERS AND FURNACES,-1890, 1892 BUILDINGS AND BUILDING MATERIALS,—1845, 1846, 1859,

ment:

1865

CHEMISTRY AND PHOTOGRAPHY-1838, 1885 CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL, including agricultural implements and machines,-none ELECTRICAL APPARATUS,-1843, 1867, 1878 FIBROUS FABRICS, including machinery for treating fibres, pulp, paper, &c.,-1849, 1850, 1853, 1862, 1864, 1869, 1870, 1881, 1182

FOOD AND BEVERAGES, Including apparatus for preparing food for men and animals,-1856, 1861 FURNITURE AND APPAREL, including household utensils, time-keepers, jewellery, musical instruments. &c.1836, 1858, 1860, 1863, 1874, 1876, 1880, 1883, 1884, 1887, 1893

and which are principally on the system introduced moveable spokes hung round an axle. These spokes LIGHTING, HEATING, AND VENTILATING,-1854, 1866, 1871,

by Mt. Fraser. Two hundred and fifty guns on that principle have already been manufactured, and have undergone the most severe and satisfac. tory proof of its endurance. The Superintendent of the Department, has received instructions from the Secretary of State for War, to confine himself in future to the exclusive manufacture of all guns, both for land and sea service, on the Frazer principle. Mr. Richardson is now engaged in the factory department of Woolwich Dockyard, with the Admiralty petroleum boiler, which was described and illustrated in the MECHANICS' MAGAZINE for September 14, 1836. He has been permitted to use it until Tuesday next, in order to exhibit his process of employing shale oil, creosote, &c., as fuel, by carbonising and burning water gas, so as to evaporate with llb. of oil from 161b. to 20lb. of water.

Miscellanea.

Mr. James Dean, of the North British Railway, whose switch box was described and illustrated in the MECHANICS' MAGAZINE for June 8, 1866, informs us that he has made arrangements with Messrs. Rantome and Sims, of Ipswich, to be the sole manufacturers of the switch box and indicator, which have both been much improved by Mr. Rapier, of Ransome and Sims'. The improvement consists in the addition of a bell crank, which enables the switch box to be placed parallel to the road where necessary, without requiring the additional fittings and additional fixing of bell crank now ordinarily required in such cases.

We would call the attention of our readers to the alteration in the trade mark used by the Patent Plumbago Crucible Company. In place of the words "Depots at Paris and Rotterdam" hitherto used, the words "Morgan's Patent" are now sub. stituted. Those who wish to obtain the genuine article, as manufactured at the Battersea Works, Bhould specify for "Morgan's Patent."

At the meeting of the Society of Engineers, held on Monday, the 4th inst., W. H. Le Feuvre, Esq., president, in the chair, the following gentlemen were balloted and duly elected:A members: Messrs. Thomas Dall, William Hack, William A. Lyttle, Fred. Chadwick, Joshua Rooke, Thomas A. Large, E. d'Ethinger, R. E. Johnston. As associates: Messrs. R. C. Grant, Henry Maltravers, R. H. Foreman, Henry J. Coles, G. W. Usill, W. A. Bainbrigge, William Smith, Henry Carnsew, E. J.Mayheir, E. Downs Till, Mark Manley, J. R. Hatherley. An interesting paper was read on Experimental Researches into the Nature and Action of Safety Valves for Steam Boilers," &c., by Mr. Thomas Baldwin, a copy of which, however, reached us too late for insertion in our present

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From daylight till two o'clock in the afternoon the Atlantic Cable generally works with great dificulty, after which time the working grows easier and more rapid until after dark. and all the night it works easily and well. This phenomehon has often been noticed on land lines,

M. Emile Blanchard, in presenting to the Academy of Sciences a memoir "On the Hearts of Insects and Mollusca," by M. Alexandre Brandt, remarked that the author had particularly in view in this paper to demonstrate that the motions of the heart in insects and certain mollusca are not determined in any way by the extrinsic muscles. The pulsations continue with the same intensity during a certain time after that organ has been completely isolated.

or wheels, which are picture frames, contain the drawings or other works designed for display. This plan is to be brought into requisition in the Paris Exhibition.

The editor of a Newcastle-upon-Tyne newspaper has offered two prizes-one of £24 and a second of £5-for the two best essays on the present position and future prospects of the iron trade in this country, with especial reference to the increasing competition of the Belgian iron manufactures; and to the political and social influences which have contributed to the rapid developement of the iron trade in Belgium.

1872, 1888, 1889

METALS, including apparatus for their manufacture,— MISCELLANEOUS,-1839, 1879, 1895

1868

ROADS AND VEHICLES, including railway plant and car. riages, saddlery, and harness, &c.,-1847, 1873, 1875, 1877, 1886

SHIPS AND BOATS, including their fittings,-1891
STEAM ENGINES,-1840, 1848, 1851, 1855
WARFARE,-1644, 1852

1836 A. V. NEWTON. An improved construction of fold

ing chair. (A communication.) Dated July 12, 1866

The patentee ciaims constructing folding chairs with a folding self-sustaining back, substantially as described. Patent completed.

1837 O. H. DIETRICH. Improvements in apparatus for

at Bidston, Birkenhead, says the Horological This invencion has for its object the compression of air The new building for the Liverpool Observatory, compressing air by means of water. Dated July 13, 1866.r Journal, is now being fitted up, and Mr. Hartnup, for use as a motive power in mines and other situations in the director, is in hopes of seeing the establishment which it is inconvenient to use steam power. The appain full operation in two or three months. In addi-ratus for this purpose consists of two reservoirs fitted vertion to testing chronometers it has been decided that arrangements be made for verifying com. passes, sextants, and barometers. The new chronometer room is 36ft. by 21ft., and such improvements will be introduced as experiment has shown to be desirable.

During the month of October, 1866, the railway from St. Petersburgh to Moscow conveyed 136,235 passengers, 55,6671b. of luggage, 4,323,5631b. of goods; and its receipts were 1,200,406 roubles, which is 136,281 roubles more than in the corre sponding month last year. From January 1 to November 1, 1866, this railway conveyed 1,170,723 passengers, 538, 285lb. of luggage, and 41,178,815lb. of goods. Its receipts were, during that time, 10,339,744 roubles, which makes an increase of 1,375,088 1oubles over the corresponding period of 1865.

tically, and containing air, into which reservoirs water is alternately pumped or forced from the bottom to the top, thereby driving out the air through a valve at the top of one reservoir, while admitting a fresh supply of air through a similar valve at the same part of the other reservoir during the ascent of the water therein. The air as it is expelled from the water reservoir is forced through valves

and pipes into a third reservoir in which it is thereby compressed. The admission of the water into the two water reservoirs alternately is effected by means of a slide valve, working in a chest fixed between them, with which valve chest are connected the several pipes leading from the pumps into the chest, and thence to the bottom of the water reservoirs, and also from the exhaust back to the

water cistern. Patent abandoned.

1838 J. LAW. Decolourising the products obtained in the

distillation of shale, coal, and wood, including tar, for the purposes of dipping, pouring, and smearing sheep, and thus preserving the purity of colour and the healthy condition of the wool. Dated July 13, 1866.

abandoned.

Patent

The colour of carbolic or phenic acids of creosolte, of the An Institution of Engineers has recently been lighter and heavier products of the distillation of shate, formed at Liverpool. Among the Honorary mem-pounds or mixtures into the composition of which any one coal, wood, or tar, as well as of the salts and other combers we see :-Sir Daniel Gooch, Bart., M.P., Lon- or more of these agents enter, is effectually removed by the don; John Laird, Esq., M.P., Birkenhead; Wm. addition of one or other of the following:-Acetic acid, Fairbairn, Esq., C.E., LL.D., Manchester; W. J. malic acid, tartaric acid, and benzoic acid, of the salts into M. Rankine, Esq., C.E., LL.D., Glasgow; Robert the composition of which any one or more of these acids Napier, Esq., Glasgow; Joseph Whitworth, Esq., factured of which any one of these forms a part. enter, and of the compounds or mixtures natural or manaManchester; George F. Lyster, Esq., C.E. Liverpool; Thomas Brassey sen., Esq., C.E., London. Mr. Douglas Hebson is the president, and Mr. George Smith and Mr. James Rockliffe are the vice-presidents; Messrs. Arthur Nesfield, Alfred Paul, A. Rainford, George Pepper, T. W. Clough, H. C. Ashlin, J. M. Taylor, W. R. M'Kaig, form the council; Mr. Donald Pope is secretary and treasurer; and the office is 76, Bridge-street, Birkenhead.

One of the smallest elephants ever imported into England arrived at Liverpool on Sunday week from Rangoon. This curiosity, says the Express, is only 3ft. high and very docile, and, on its way up from the ship to the house of the naturalist who bought it went into a publichouse, and, inserting the end of its trunk into a jug of beer that was on the bar counter, sucked up the contents, much to the surprise of those present.

Bear's flesh is selling in the Paris meat-markets at the rate of 1s. 10d. per pound. The consumption of horse flesh is increasing rapidly among the poorer classes in the different quarters of Paris. There are now open no less than fifteen butchers' shops.

On the importance of Geelong as a grape-growing district, remarks the Register, some idea may be formed from the fact that nearly one quarter of the area under vine culture within the colony is within the immediate vicinity of our town; and of the superiority of the Geelong grapes for wine-making purposes some notion may be conceived from the fact that of 110,000 gallons of wine made during one year within Victoria, nearly 50,000 gallons were made in

this district.

1839 W. E. WILEY. Improvements in holders for marking materials, which improvements are also applicable as holders for other substances. Dated July 13, 1866.

holder, which may be of any suitable material, may be bored

A

For the purposes of this invention the inventor constructs the holder in the following manner:-The stem of the to receive the lead or other material in the ordinary manner. The point of the holder is split or cut up for a short distance into two or more parts, and around the point of the holder a metal tube is passed; a short distance from the point of the holder a groove is cut or otherwise formed, and the tube is pressed inwards around this groove, but so that the tube may be capable of being moved a slight distance in the direction of its length, and at the same time be rendered incapable of removal from the holder. or other suitable means bayonet joint, screw may, holder is made of a conical form, and the tube is also however, be employed for this purpose. The point of the similarly formed so that when the lead or other material has been protruded from the holder a suitable distance by pushing back the tube, the point of the holder is contracted, whereby the lead or other material is securely of the holder shall pass a short distance through it, by held; and the inventor makes the tube so that the point which means the tube is prevented coming in contact with the surface upon which the material in the holder is caused to operate. Patent abandoned.

1840 A. W. MAKINSON. Improvements in locomotiva engines for enabling them to ascend steep inclines. Dated July 13, 1866.

To enable locomotive engines to ascend steep incline without increasing the dead weight on the driving wheels the inventor applies either to the driving wheel or to the driving axle itself, or to the connecting rods, a frictional pressure which, in the first instance, opposes a resistance to the revolution of the wheels, and so prevents slipping off wholly or in part transferied to some fixed part of the engine, imparting to it a progressive motion. Patent aban

the wheels on the rails, which frictional resistance is either

doned.

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1841 W. THOMPSON and T. STATHER. Improvements in mills for grinding corn and other hard substances. Dated July 13, 1966.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

1842 R. ROGER. Improvements in steam travelling cranes. Dated July 13, 1866. This invention consists in constructing the central posts or spindles round which craues revolve (of whatever they may be made) hollow, and in conveying through this post the motive power for causing the crane to travel. If the motive power is to be obtained from the engine or engines of the crane above, the power is conveyed to the lower or travelling part of the crane through the hollow spindle by means of a shaft driven above, as may be most convenient, and applied to driving the travelling wheels in any manner found most desirable. Patent completed.

1843 R. JOBSON. Improvements in apparatus for holding suspended electric telegraph wires. Dated July 13, 1866.

This invention consists in applying to each support, or to such number of the supports as may be desired, eccentric nipping apparatus or instruments, which will prevent the wire slipping on the supports, whether such supports he on the insulators or on the metal or other caps or hoods, or other instruments placed over or near the insulators. Patent abandoned.

suitable fastening, say on the near side of the head strap of
an ordinary bridle, and made to pass round underneath the
horse's throat to the opposite or off side, where it goes
through a ring or small pulley and passes down to the curb,
where it runs through a similar ring or small pulley to the
person driving. From this arrangement it is evident that,
should the horse run away or become unmanageable, the
driver can, by pulling the rein belonging to the apparatus,
instantly curb the horse by stopping his wind. When not
required, the rein hangs loosely. Patent abandoned.
1848 W. JUSTICE. Improvements in motive power en-
gines. Dated July 14, 1866.

Improve

1855 J. L. NORTON and F. L. H. W. BUNGER. ments in apparatus for discharging the water resulting from condensed steam from upparatus where steam is employed. Dated July 16, 1866.

This invention relates to a former patent da od 27th October, 1862 (No. 2890). Ia constructi g apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferred that the vessel which receives and discharges the condensed water should be spherical, and made in two halves, but this form is not essential. The upper half of this vessel has ar inlet on one side, where it is connected by a suitable pipe to the apparatus wherein steam is employed. Through the upper part of this vessel is a passage, and, when necessary, This invention relates, essentially, to a certain new mode a stuffing-box, through which a spindle or rod is introduced, of arranging or constructing several parts of motive power and provision is made for raising and lowering such rod engines, which are driven by water, steam, or compressed or spindle in order that the distance its lower end descends air or gas, by which the action and efficiency of this class into the vessel may be adjusted from the outside. At the of machinery is made more perfect than heretofore. The lower end of this rod or spindle is fixed a hollow vessel, by engine, as particularly constructed under this invention, preference of a cylindrical form, the upper and lower ends consists of a box or chamber, in which three revolving cylinof which inner vessel are each formed with a flexible disc ders are placed; the axles of these cylinders are placed of sheet metal having concentric corrugations. When the through or beyond the sides of the chamber, and at one end apparatus is in use, this cylindrical vessel is full of water, are geared into each other hy spur wheels or pinions. The which is introduced through a hole which is closed by a screw other half of the axles is made hollow, and their extremi-plug. The lower end of the spindle or rod above mentioned ties pass through a water or steam box with a cock or valve is fixed to the centre of the upper disc. Above this inner in it, by which the flow into the moving parts of the engine vessel, on the same spindle or rcd, is a guard to prevent Of the three cylinders constituting the is regulated. the water flowing on to the upper disc of the cylindrical moving parts, the two outer ones are formed with a tongue vessel. To the centre of the lower disc is fixed the upper end of a valve spindle, at the lower end of which is fixed on them which bears continuously against the inner face of two cylinders formed by the case before mentioned; an a valve; this valve closes the outlet at the bottom of the opening passes from the passage in the axles of the two spherical vessel when steam pervades the interior of such outer cylinders and its outer edge is situated nearly close vessel, by reason of that heat of the steam causing the to the one side of the tongue, hereinbefore referred to. The water contained in the cylindrical vessel suspended within central revolving cylinder rotates at the same rate as and the spherical vessel to expand, but such valve opens when in contact with the two outer ones, and in it a recess is the spherical vessel becomes charged with condensed water, formed into which the tongue falls as each of them approach so as to cool the water contained in the inner cylindrical each other during each revolution. The central revolving vessel. Below the cylindrical vessel is applied a horizontal cylinder thus forms as it were a continuous abutment for the partition of wire gauze to prevent dirt or other matter actuating liquid or fluid to press against, forming a shoulder getting to the valve. from which the pressure is transmitted to the tongue in the two driving cylinders. As soon as the driving cylinders have nearly completed a revolution, the tongue passes over a port through which the water or steam which has caused the rotation continuously escapes without any interruption. As the frictional contact of the outer edge of the tongue against the inner surface of the cylinder would cause the edge to be worn away, leather packing is placed over the tongue against which the water or other liquid or fluid presses, and thus the action of the liquid or fluid keeps the revolving cylinder continuously without leak against the inner sur face of the cylinder. Patent completed.

1844 T. W. BAMMELL. Improvements in pneumatic railways and carriages used therein. Dated July 13, 1866. According to one of the improvements in the terminal parts of pneumatic railways, as described in the specification of a former patent, dated February 10, 1860, double sets of terminal doors were applied to single lines of railway, the embranchment of the ways being effected within the limits of the tubular way. The patentee now proposes to improve the arrangement of these parts by setting the terminal doors backwards from the station towards the tubular way sufficiently (say from 100ft. to 120ft.) to allow of the embranchment of the ways being made between the tubular way and the platforms of the station, enlarging the intervening covered way (if any) for the purpose. In this manner he is enabled to work single lines of pneumatic railway running into the double ways required at stations with single sets of terminal doors. Another improvement consists in an improved arrangement for giving motion to the train at stations where, the train being wholly outside the tubular way, the pneumatic pressure cannot be brought to bear upon it. To obviate this inconvenience he lays the ways at all stations at an inclination downwards from the station towards and into the tubular way, and at a gradient (say about 1 in 60) sufficiently steep to give a proper velocity to the train on the brakes being released. At terminal stations the ways are thus made to fall entirely towards the tubular way, and arriving trains are received and brought to rest upon a rising gradient. At intermediate stations the ways fall from a summit near the middle towards the tubular way on either hand, and arriving trains are made to pass over this summit by the momentum they have acquired, and are brought to rest upon a descending gradient, where they are in a position to be again put in motion by gravitation, and to run into the next section of the tubular way on the brakes being relieved. Another of the improvements consists in a new arrangement and construction of the pneumatic ejection, in order the better to adapt it to the working of passenger railways, and for other purposes where large quantities of air have to be dealt with, and the machine must consequently be of a larger size. Another part of the invention consists in improved arrangements of the Talves and air passages of such machines, which are of considerable size. As the most convenient arrangement he places the supply and escape valves in the upper part of the machine, where they open freely into the outer air, and their indraught discharge currents, having a vertical direction, occasion no inconvenience. Another part of the in-heating and fouling of guns. Dated July 14, 1866. vention consists in connecting the various valves at whatever distance the pneumatic machinery may be situate from the station, and also the terminal doors, with a room which is called the signal room, from which, with proper apparatus and appliances, and the aid of pressure gauges and telegraphic signals, they may all be worked by a single operation; and for the greater certainty and safety of working he prefers to place this room either in the station, 0: near the termination of the tubular way, within view of the arriving and departing trains. Another part of the invention consists in improvements in the piston carriages of pneumatic railways. Another part of the invention consists in improvements in the permanent way of pneumatic railways, which it is desirable should be compact in size, securely fixed, and smooth and easy in use and also capable of ready adjustment and renewal. The patentee proposes to lay the way in iron chairs built into the masonry or brickwork of the tube, and sufficiently large to contain the rail with packing pieces of wood or other suitable material beneath it on both sides. The chair is wedge-shaped, and has a table to receive the lower packing piece upon which the rail rests, and by the greater or lesser thickness of which its level is determined. He prefers to make this piece somewhat elastic either by hollowing out the slab of elm or other hard wood composing it, or by combining with the piece a layer of cork, caoutchouc, or other elastic material, or by the use of a steel spring. The sides of the chairs and rail are to be so formed that wedges or packing pieces of greater or less thickness may be inserted on either side, and by these the rail is not only held firmly in position, but is set laterally to true gauge. Patent completed. 1845 P. ELLIS. An improved lift, hoist, or mechanical elevator, adapted for hotels, warehouses, railway stations, and other places, and intended to facilitate and render eusy the ascent of persons and goods. Dated July 13, 1866. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

1849 J., O., and H. SAMPSON and R. BURLISON. Improve
ments in means or apparatus for effecting the "folding "
and " papering" of woven fabrics. Dated July 14, 1866.
This invention is not described apart from the drawings.
Patent completed.

1850 L. J. CROSSLEY and J. SUNDERLAND. Improvements
in preparing and spinning wool and other fibrous substances.
Dated July 14, 1866.
This invention consists in dispensing with the ordinary
carrier rollers, and in substituting therefor a length of
wood or material over which the slubbing or roving passes
on its way to the front roller, and the patentees so arrange
this said piece of wood or material that its position in
relation to the back and front rollers can be altered at
pleasure, either backwards or forwards, or elevated or
depressed. Patent completed,

1851 J. INGAMELLS. Improvements in machinery or
apparatus for obtaining and applying motive power. Dated
July 14, 1866.
We cannot here devote space to the voluminous details
of this provisional specification. Patent abandoned.
1852 W. AGER. An improved mode of preventing the

This invention relates to the employment of a blast or
current of cold air to prevent the heating of firearms and
cannon when in use, and also to carry off the smoke and
gases, and to clear out the barrels after each discharge,
the said blast being obtained by means of a fan or other
suitable apparatus, and forced thereby into and through
the barrels of the said guns or cannon. Patent completed.

1853 R. CLOUGH and P. SMITH, sen. An improved method of and apparatus for lubricating the spindles of cap spinning and doubling frames, which apparatus is also applicable as a cleaner to flyer spinning and doubling frames. Dated July 16, 1866.

This invention may be applied in two ways-firstly, by making a recess in the bobbin lifter in connection with each spindle; or, secondly, by fixing a cup made of tin, brass, copper, or any other suitable material, to the bobbin lifter' which traverses up and down the spindles, such recess or cup being filled with cotton or other absorbent material saturated with oil, or with a suitable lubricating composition. Patent completed.

1854 A. R. STARK and J. WOODMAN. Improvements in the means of fixing the covers of gas retorts. Dated July 16, 1866.

At the bottom of the spherical vessel a waste pipe is affixed at the outlet in order to convey away the condensed water. Patent abandoned.

1856 R. SOANS. Improvements in machines for dressing Or for removing dirt and foreign matters from currants and other fruit. Dated July 16, 1866.

This invention consists in the arrangement of parts of fruit-dressing machines, as hereafter described; also in the construction and arrangement of the funnel and of the sieve with the sloping bottom and with openings in its In bearings carried by the uprim, as hereafter described. per part of a convenient frame, which is preferably com. a top connecting or crosspiece, the patentee mounts a horiposed of a foundation plate, two standards or uprights, and zontal shaft, to which rotary motion is imparted as reshaft opposite the handle is continued into the funnel, and quired by a crank handle or otherwise. The end of this is fitted with one or more brushes composed of bristles, or of wires or metallic pins. An inclined hopper is placed above the funnel, and supplies it with fruit to be dressed, which falls upon a ledge in the funnel from which it is swept by the revolving brushes. A slide at the top of the fannel regulates the supply from the hopper, and prevents the fruit falling into the funnel, except upon the ledge just mentioned. The fruit as it is swept from the ledge falls down upon a sieve constructed and arranged as follows:-To a rim of sufficient depth, supported by the foundation plate, he fits a false bottom of wirework or other suitable material sloping downwards from its outer edge towards the centre in a curve or right line, thus forming a sieve which is depressed in the middle. He forms one or more openings in the rim for the discharge of the fruit. These openings may be provided with spouts. Above the sieve, and parallel thereto, he fits brushes attached to the arms of a frame, the height of which is adjusted according to requirement by a set screw or otherwise upon a vertical shaft. This shaft receives rotary motion by means of a mitre wheel on its upper end gearing into a corresponding wheel on the horizontal shaft before inantioned. The vertical shaft is preferably made in two pieces or lengths, connected by a socket or collar, and it is supported at its lower end in a bearing or step in the sieve resting on the foundation plate. Patent completed.

1857 T. G. WEBB. Improvements in the manufacture of articles of pressed glass and in machinery or apparatus connected therewith. Dated July 16, 1866.

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This invention relates to that part of the manufacture of articles of pressed glass technically called melting. Accord. ing to this invention the inventor dispenses with the usual "pontil post or instrument to which the article is attached, and simply places the said article loosely upon a plate, which is then thrust into the furnace. By these means he avoids the subsequent severance of the article by cutting or breaking from its support, and the shape thereof is in that respect uninjured. The apparatus he proposes to employ for the above purpose consists of a framework provided with wheels, and which carries the plate on which the article is placed, and it may therefore be run into the furnace by the attendant. The supporting plate he proposes to mount upon a centre, and to furnish it with ratchet teeth which may be pushed forward by an instrament extending to the outside of the furnace, thereby causing the said plate and article thereon to revolve; or ordinary gearing may be employed for effecting the said rotation. Patent abandoned.

1858 E. HEUSSER. An improved travelling bag. Dated

In fastening the covers of gas retorts it is usual to em-
ploy a crossbar, the ends of which are inserted in lugs pro-
jecting from the retort, and with a screw and hand lever in
the middle, which screw presses on the centre of the
retort cover. According to this invention the inventors
use a crossbar, but which is simply dropped into two hook-July 16, 1866.
like lugs or projections, in the same position as those
above mentioned, but in which this crossbar rotates as in
bearings. Near the ends of the crossbar the inventors
apply two cams which take a bearing on the retort cover
when the crossbar is rotated, and press the said cover hard
up to the retort, the pressure taking effect near the cir
cumference of the cover. They form a hole or holes at

mid-length of the crossbar, into which they insert a rod of
some length, which is used as a lever to rotate the crossbar;
1846 A. PRINCE. Improvements in the means of preservit at the same time serves to keep the workman at a dis-
ing timber from decay. (A communication.) Dated July tance from the retort, as he can lift the crossbaroy the
13, 1866.
said long rod, and reach it into its bearings, into which it
The patentee claims the application of crude petroleum is simply dropped, as before mentioned, and rotated by
either alone or mixed with mineral paint or pigments, for the leverage of the long arm or rod a sufficient portion of a
the purpose of preserving wood or timber of any kind from
decomposition or decay, and from the attacks of insects.
Patent completed

1847 G. DAY. An improved apparatus for stopping or, curbing horses when they run away or become unmanageable. Dated July 14, 1866.

This apparatus consists simply in a strap or a round rein, which the inventor prefers attached by a buckle or other

revolution to cause the cams to take effect. The reverse
operation serves to remove the pressure from the cover,
which is then free to be removed. The cams are rapid in
their action, that is to say, do not require much extent of
a revolution (say one-fifth or sixth) to bring them to
bear; when hard up, however, they arrive at a slow part,
which prevents their retrograde movement. Patent
abandoned.

This invention consists of an improved travelling bag in which two flaps or divisions intended to receive fittings are jointed, hinged, or connected at their lower ends to or with the main frame of the bag, and the flaps or divisions are connected together at their upper ends by a fastening so constructed as to form a hinge or joint when its parts constructed by introducing into sockets or staples on the are engaged. A fastening suitable for the purpose may be flaps a removable pin or bolt forming the axis of the hinge. with the main frame, and when open therewith and yet The flaps or divisions when fastened at top open and close fastened or hinged to each other at their top ends, they stand up (preferably in an inclined position) so that their fittings are presented to view, and easily attainable; also surface and space are afforded for fittings on their inner side. When the fastening is unfastened the flaps will be separated at their upper edz, and cau be turned down on opposite sides of the bag when desired. Patent abandoned.

1859 L. MIGNOT. Improvements in the preparation of soluble alkaline silicates to render them suitable for being used for preserving stone, wood, and other materials, and

for manufacturing artificial stone, and for other purposes. Dated July 16, 1866.

In preparing soluble alkaline silicates according to this invention the inventor combines them with mucilaginous matters. The liquid alkaline silicate is concentrated to about 30 deg. or 35 deg. Beaumé, and is mixed with the mucilaginous liquid in various proportions, according to the purpose for which the prepared silicate is to be employed. The matters capable of rendering the silicates mucilaginous are very numerous, and, according to the purpose for which the prepared silicate is to be employed, so may different substances be employed. Soluble silicates thus prepared become unctuous, they dry much less rapidly, and when dry their surface does not crack or flake off. They can also readily be spread by any material to which it may be desirous to apply them. Patent aban

doned.

1860 E. DRUCKER. Improvements in fastenings for corsets, stays, and other articles of dress. (A communication.) Dated July 17, 1866.

1872 J. MOFFAT.

Certain improvements in lamps.

Dated July 18, 1866. This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction or mode of arranging lamps, which are specially applicable for the lighting or iiluminating of railway and other carriages. Under one modification openwhich openings the air for supplying the combustion of the oil passes; on reaching the interior of the case it is drawn through another series of openings, situated in a horizontal annular plate, and through the centre of which the chimney passes. This horizontal plate forms an annular chamber with another centre of which the chimney originates, and convex annular plate, from the descending from the convex plate conduct the air thus supplied into the chambers surrounding the wick, at the upper part of which chambers and the wick itself the combustion takes place; or the tubes may be flattened out the flame. The upper annular chamber contains the tank so as to form the means by which the air is directed upon ducted to the wick by two descending pipes, similar to or reservoir from which the air is supplied, this being con

the screw nut to grasp a dovetail part upon the handle upon
which it can turn. The screw nut is prevented from rotating
when the handle is adjusted by a set screw, or by a key placed
in a groove formed in the square shaft which enters a notch
in the screw nut. Patent abandoned.
1866 W. E. GEDGE. An improved gas burner. (A comings are formed in the upper part of the lamp case, through
munication.) Dated July 17, 1866.
This invention consists in a novel construction of gas
burner, by which the illuminating power of the gas is greatly
increased and its consumption more economically regulated
than by ordinary burners. The gas is conducted by an ordi-
nary burner to a closed tube or chamber of a larger size,
from which it passes through a second burner of superior
The size of the
capacity, placed above the said chamber.
apertures of these two burners will be regulated by the
quality of the gas, but the lower or inlet apertures should
always be smaller than the upper or burning aperture. To
and in some cases inconvenient, the gas is conducted through
diminish the length of the flame, which is extraordinary,
rials, which will check the pressure of the gas. Under this
a layer of asbestos, cotton, filings, or other suitable mate-
arrangement the supply of gas is not greater than required
illuminating power. Patent abandoned,
more nor less air than is requisite to produce the greatest

tubes

The essential part of this device consists in the peculiar combination of elastic or spring connections with hooks and catches for uniting the two sides of a corset or other similar for complete combustion, and the gas is mixed with neither those by which the air is supplied. Patent abandoned.

article, which connections hold the said hooks and catches together firmly enough to prevent the accidental unfastening of the same, but which yield to a very gentle pressure of the hand properly applied, and release the said hooks from their catches, thus allowing the two sides of the corset to be easily separated. Patent completed.

1866.

1861 W. THOMPSON. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for mixing and repacking tea, also applicable to the mixing of other granular substances. Dated July 17, The patentee claims, first, constructing apparatus for mixing teas and other granular substances in which a series of enclosed sieves or gratings are caused to travel upwards one above the other, so that the tea in being raised up thereby falls through the meshes or spaces of the one sieve or grating on to the next one below, and so on in succession, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. Second, the particular arrangements of apparatus for mixing teas and other granular substances described with reference to the drawings. Third, the construction of apparatus for repacking tea into the chests, consisting of piston or plate actuated by a screw spindle for compressing the tea in the box or chest, in combination with an adjustable framework enclosing the sides of the box or chest for supporting the same whilst subjected to pressure, substantially as described. Fourth, the combination of apparatus for mix. ing and re-packing teas, substantially as described and represented in the drawings. Patent completed.

1862 T. WESTLEY and T. R. BEAUMONT. Certain im

provements in flyers for spinning, roving, or slubbing cotton or other fibrous substances. Dated July 17, 1866. This invention relates to the construction of flyers with solid legs to be used for spinning, roving, or slubbing cotton or other fibrous substances in place of the ordinary tubular leg or other pressure flyers. The flyer is made with solid legs; at or about the top of the straight part of each leg, the patentees form a collar or portion of a collar, supporting a bearing capable of revolving or partially revolving round the leg. This bearing carries the upper end of a split tube, and its motion round the leg of the flyer is limited by a notch in the lower side of the bearing working against the projection on the collar, or by a pin or other similar means. The lower end of the split tube is fixed in and supported by the heel of the presser arm, which is also capable of revolving partially round the lower extremity of the solid leg of the flyer, the split tubes with their bearings acting centrifugally upon the revolution of the spindle and flyer, thus causing the presser arms to bear against the bobbin with the necessary pressure. The upper end of the tube is formed with a bell mouth. Patent completed.

1863 J. RICHARDSON and J. YEOMANS. An improvement in the manufacture of hats. Dated July 17, 1866. This invention relates to hats to be worn in time of mourning, and is intended as a substitute for the loose mourning bands of cloth or other fabric now ordinarily worn, and consists, principally, in cementing the band to the body of the hat in the process of manufacture, so that the hat presents the appearance of an ordinary silk hat with a cloth mourning band, but the latter being cemented to the body cannot possibly become creased or get out of place. Putent abandoned.

1864 A. V. NEWTON. Improved machinery for spinning yarn. (A communication.) Dated July 17, 1866.

1867 C. and S. A. VARLEY. Improvements in electric telegraph apparatus, parts of the invention being applicable to other purposes. Dated July 17, 1866.

The patentee claims, first, constructing the cases of needle and other analogous telegraph instruments of cast iron, with construction of the working parts of the needle telegraph the bush in one solid piece with the case, and the general instrument, as described; second, the general construction of the galvanometer, and the modifications of the same, as described; third, the substitution of moving in place of the method of doing the same, as described; fourth, the fixed contacts for relay contact levers to beat against, and in proximity to one another by filling the space between facilitating the passage of lightning between two conductors with matter in a fine state of division, as described; fifth, the method of constructing lightning protectors where a vacuum is employed in conjunction with matter in a fine state of division, as described. Patent completed.

1868 G. PLANT. Improvements in the means and apparatus employed in the manufacture of taper or conical and other forms of wrought-iron and steel tubes, and in forming flanches thereon. Dated July 18, 1866.

This invention (which relates to a former patent, dated March 11, 1851, No. 13,552) has reference more particularly to the manufacture of flanched wrought-iron and steel taper or conical tubes. For forming such tubes, the patentee places the skelp, after it has been bent into the required form and heated to a welding heat, upon a strong horizontal, or nearly horizontal overhanging mandrel, carried by a suitable framing; this framing, with the mandrel, is mounted brought underneath a steam or other hammer, which is on wheels, and when the skelp has been placed thereon it is caused to act successively upon the entire length of the joint to be welded, by gradually moving the mandrel underneath the hammer by suitable mechanism. Another part of the invention has reference to the forming of flanches upon the ends of conical, or taper, and other forms of tubes. For this purpose, after the joint of the tube has been formed in the before described or any other suitable known manner, he heats the end thereof required to be flanched to the requisite degree, and he introduces the same into a die, which may be made to open out for facilitating the introduction and reThe end of the tube is made to project through the die to the extent required for forming the flanch, and a conical or tapering plug or wedge, or two or more of such plugs or wedges connected in succession to or acted upon in succession by the hammer block of a steam or other hammer or the ram of a hydraulic press, is or are forced into the end of the tube, so as to open it out to a sufficient extent for it to be worked down to the requisite flat or curved form by one or more other suitably shaped plugs or swages under the same hammer or ram that carries or acts upon the first-named plugs or wedges. If the flanch requires to be curved to suit the curvature of the boiler flue to which it is to be fixed, the face of the die is also curved in a corresponding manner. Patent completed.

moval of the tube.

1869 J. M'VITIE. Certain improvements in mules for spinning. Dated July 18, 1866.

The object of this invention is to combine in one machine the well-known elements requisite for preparing slivers and for drawing and spinning yarn, with a view to its receiving the prepared fibre direct from the preparing machine, and delivering it in the form of spun yarn. The prepared wool or other fibre is stripped from the card cylinder of the pre-manufacturing elastic fabrics. Dated July 18, 1866. paring machine by an endless travelling belt of wire card cloth, the card surface being divided into narrow hands, equal in number to the sets of drawing rollers contained in the machine. This belt is carried by three tension rollers, one of which is driven to give motion to the band, while the others are so arranged as to present the belt to a number of doffing combs set at different elevations, and working in different vertical planes, so as to act each upon its respective band, and strip off the prepared fibre in the form of a sliver. These slivers as they come off the belt are severally delivered to their respective take-up and drawing rollers, by which they are drawn out and fitted for spinning. The drawn slivers next pass through the hollow heads of "stationary" flyers, and thence along one arm of the flyers to the hobbins in the usual way. The flyers when set in motion put the required twist into the wool or other fibre under treatment, and wind the same round the bobbins, which receive the ordinary copping motion for spreading the yarn over the surface of the bobbin. Patent abandoned.

1865 W. B. SHORLAND. Improvements in or applicable to handles for actuating locks, bars, bolts, or latches. Dated July 17, 1866.

tation of a coiled or other similarly shaped spring, to or in
The patentee claims the novel employment, use, and adap-
connection with the cam shaft of mule headstocks, for the
purpose of actuating such shaft throughout all its changes,
whatsoever mechanical means be used to concentrate the
force of such spring, as described. Patent completed.
1870 J. MACINTOSH and W. BOGGETT. Improvements in
The object of this invention is to give a coating of metal
to elastic substances without destroying their elasticity.
With this intent the patentees take india-rubber, or a com-
pound of india-rubber and paraffin, or stearic acid, in small
tubes or strips, which, in the first place, they cover with
cotton or other fibrous materials, dyed by preference of the
same colour 'as the metal employed, as a protection to the
elastic materials, and then cover it with metal wire made
into a thread, as when employed in making gold lace, &c.,
by winding it on spirally with a covering machine, or
braiding it, which they prefer, by a braiding machine.
The tubes or strips must be kept in a moderate state of
tension by a weight or other suitable means whilst being
covered in order that they may retain the proper degree of
elasticity when finished. The fabric so produced may then
be plaited or sewn together to increase their width, or the
strips or tubes may, in place of being covered in the man-
ner described, be woven with the wire thread, similar to
elastic webbing, by using one as the warp and the other as
the weft. To prevent oxidation of the metal they use a
transparent varnish, preferring collodion or copal. Patent
completed.

1871 D. BARKER. Improvements in the construction of
apparatus for mixing, pressing, and moulding coal and
other substances, for the formation of artificiul fuel, and
dividing the same into blocks, such apparatus being also
applicable to other analogous operations. Dated July 18,
1866.

This invention relates to a mode of securing handles to
the shaft or spindle connected with the lock, bar, bolt, or
latch, and so that such handles may be adjusted on the
shaft to suit different thicknesses of doors or gates, and con-
sists in making the shafts square, and screwing one or both
ends with a screw thread, the screw thread taking off the
corners of the square shaft, but leaving sufficiently flat sides This invention chiefly consists in the combination of a
for the square hole in the handle to take hold of, and vertical pug mill with other mechanism, whereby coal and
in fitting a screw nut to one or both handles, so that other substances employed for the manufacture of artificial
when the handles are placed upon the shaft the screw nuts fuel can be thoroughly mixed and incorporated, and after-
can be rotated in or upon the handles. This is done by wards pressed and moulded and divided into blocks of suit-
making a recess in the handle for the screw nut, or in makingable size. Patent abandoned.

1873 W. E. GEDGE. An improved method of instantly releasing or unhurnessing one or more horses from carriages of every description. (A communication.) Dated July 18,

1866.

In performing this invention the movement by which the release of the horses is effected is placed in the axle of the vehicle, the pole pin being modified and made hollow, and serving as the basis of the system in four-wheeled carobject in the longitudinal axle of two-wheeled vehicles. riages, and an equivalent piece being fitted with the same The mechanism consists of an iron trace bar, furnished at each end with a hook for attaching the trace; this tracebar is movable, that is to say, it turns on a bearing fixed and perpendicularly to the trace-bar, is fixed a hinged rod, on the draw-bar of the carriage. In middle of the length, trace-bar, in order to give it a rotary movement on itself, in three pieces lengthwise, so as to act as a lever on the which uplifts the hooks inwards for the withdrawal of the traces, which is the normal position attained by bringing the said rod beneath the carriage framing, where it is beld by a vertical shaft turning in the pole pin hollowed for this purpose, or in two-wheeled vehicles in an analogous piece. At the end of this rod is a plate pierced with an opening, through which passes a hook fixed at the bottom of the revolving shaft. It is only necessary to cause this shaft to turn to make the hook slide under the solid part of the plate, and hold it until the coachman gives another rotary motion, so as to bring the hook into the opening in the plate, which, then escaping from the shaft being drawn away by the tension of the draw-bar, is pushed back by a the shaft. In order to facilitate the fall of the traces they spiral spring, which the plate closes in attaching itself to are furnished at their ends with a small friction roller, to which they are attached by a buckle or otherwise, and it is this roller which hooks on to the trace bar. The backing apparatus is fixed to a movable catch, which places itself in the ordinary manner against the shaft or the pole, according to whether it is a two or a four wheeled carriage, on a fixed plate, against which it is held by a spring suffi. cient to hold of itself, but which comes off easily directly the horse leaves the shafts. A small strap attached to the driver's box facilitates this movement by causing this spring catch to come off. The releasing handle is placed indifferently in any part of the carriage, either within reach of the coachman or of the persons inside the coach, and the cord may be hidden in the casing. Patent aban

doned.

1874 N. SALAMON. An improvement in sewing machinery. (A communication.) Dated July 18, 1866.

The object of this invention is to enable the wheel feed of sewing machines to be displaced by a reciprocating feed, and replaced at pleasure, according to the work required to be performed by the machine. To attain this result it is necessary to adapt the reciprocating feed mechanism to the shafting and fixed bearings employed in the wheel feed, whereby the interchanging of the two arrangements may be effected without the assistance of a mechanic. Patent completed.

1875 J. J. L. M. LAGARRIQUE and P. A. CASTERA. A new or improved mode of actuating or working the points or crossings of railways, so as to dispense with pointsmen. Dated July 18, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

1876 F. TOLHAUSEN. Improvements in sewing and button kole machines. (A communication.) Dated July 18, 1866.

This invention comprises, first, a stitch regulator, which is secured to a rising and falling slide, occupying the place of the presser foot in ordinary sewing machines, and such a manner that the feed of the fabric to be sewed as which acts in conjunction with the needle thread in produced by the action of the needle thread and the ordinary feed mechanisin can be dispensed with. Second, in the arrangement of two longitudinally sliding bobbins, one of which carries the lower thread, and the other the gimp, in combination with a hook or looper, and with suitable spoolholders, in such a manner that, by the combined action of the hook and spoolholders, the loop of the needle thread is first drawn over one and then over the other bobbin, and the lower threod and the gimp are interlaced with the loop, the needle thread forming a stitch of great firmness and durability. Third, in the arrangement of a looper and with the bobbins, in such a manner that the recam groove and double crank, in combination with the quired motion is imparted to the looper, to carry the loop of the needle thread successively over the two bobbins. Fourth, in the arrangement of a case or barrel surrounding each bobbin, and provided with a central screw, which turns in the case together with the bobbin, and which is provided with a tension spring and with two centres, one in each end, in such a manner that the bobbin is fully protected by the case; and, furthermore, the winding up of the thread on the bobbin is materially facilitated. Fifth, in the arrangement of a sliding yoke, in combination with the bobbins and with three spoolholders, in such a manner that by the said yoke the desired recriprocating motion is imparted to the bobbins. Sixth, in the arrangement of an Oscillating arm, in combination with the needle, the looper, and one or two bobbins, in such a manner that a positive strain is exerted on the needle thread at the proper moment for the purpose of drawing up the surplus thread. Seventh, in a slide which moves transversely to the direction of the feed motion imparted to the fabric to be sewed, in such a

manner that, in sewing button holes, the needle is caused to pass down alternately through the fabric or edge of the button hole, and through the hole itself, and a stitch is produced similar to the stitch of hand-made button holes. Eighth, in the arrangement of a longitudinally sliding and revolving clothholder, in combination with the transversely moving slide, and with the cloth plate of the sewing machine, in such a manner that, by means of the said cloth holder, a revolving motion can be imparted to the fabric to be sewed, and the eyelets or round parts of the button holes dan be sewed, as well as the rectilinear parts thereof; and, further, more button holes of any desired length can be sewed without requiring any change in the mechanism. Ninth, in a new and improved method of producing a stitch by passing the loop of the needle thread first over one bobbin, which carries the gimp, and then back over the other bobbin carrying the lower thread, in such a manner that the two threads are interlaced with the needle thread, and a firm and durable stitch is produced. Patent completed.

1877 J. and E. GOAD. Improvements in mileposts and other indicators or signs used on railways and other places. Dated July 18, 1866.

This invention consists in constructing mileposts of metal or other suitable material, with the numerals, letters, or other signs punched or cut through, instead of being in relief, or in intaglio, as hitherto. The posts may be formed with supports for lamps behind the punched signs, or lamps may be hung to the posts, so as to come behind the signs, and thus enable them to be seen at night. The punched signs may be made more conspicuous in the day time by having a dark background formed behind them. The patentees also construct the part of the posts in which the signs are punched or formed (by preference of galvanised angle-iron) V-shaped in section, the two faces of the V fronting respectively up and down the line or road, and this part of the posts may be mounted upon or formed in a piece with rods or pillars of any desirable form driven into the ground. To maintain the posts in the proper position in loose ground, the patentees employ supports or steadying pieces consisting of a central socket, through which the posts, pillar, or rod is passed, and of four or other desirable number of arms or wings carried out from the central socket. These arms are plates placed with one edge uppermost, and the lower edge is formed with a flarge. This support is inserted into the ground, and the flanges prevent its being easily pulled out or moved out of position. Patent completed.

1878 J. P. GILLARD. Improvements in apparatus for accelerating the generation and transmission of electricity. Dated July 19, 1866.

This invention relates to a mechanical arrangement which the inventor calls electro-polyphore, in which a quick revolving motion is imparted to an arbor of iron, or other suitable metal, provided in an isolated manner with a series of pairs of metal blades to be carried in contact with a series of metal conductors fixed in the inner periphery of a drum, in the centre of which revolves the abovementioned arbor. The metal blades are connected to a galvanic battery, or magneto-electric machine, or other suitable generator of electricity, in such manner that one blade of each pair forms the positive and the other blade the negative pole of the circuits; the conductors also form pairs, one conductor of each pair being set in contact with the positive blade, and the other with the negative blade of a pair of blades; besides, one conductor of each pair is connected to one wire, and the other conductor of the pair to another wire, so as to enable each pair of wires to form an electric circuit; or the current may be caused to pass through an induction coil or bobbin. A revolving motion at high speed being imparted to the arbor, an electric circuit will be formed at each time each pair of blades comes in contact with one of the pairs of conductors, and as this will take place a great many times in one second, the apparatus will cause the electricity to be abstracted in an efficacious manner from the galvanic battery or other suitable generator of electricity, with which the apparatus is put in contact. Patent abandoned.

1879 D. M. GILBERT and L. A. DUBREUX. A new fastening for letter envelopes. Dated July 19, 1866. This invention relates to a new fastening for letter envelopes, and consists in applying to each envelope one or more thin brass or other metal eyelets, such as are made use of for stays, deeds, or other similar purposes. For envelopes for ordinary letters, each of the four overlapping parts or flaps of the envelope is provided with a hole of a diameter corresponding with the outer diameter of the eyelet, one end of which latter has been spread or rounded out; the four holes are so situated as exactly to cover each other when the four flaps of the envelopes are folded up; the eyelet is inserted from the inside of the envelope in the three corresponding holes of the three overlapping or lower flaps, with the extended or rounded end of the eyelet situated in the inside of the envelope; the letter may now be inserted in this latter, after which the hole of the fourth upper or sealing flap is put over the top of the eyelet, and this latter submitted to a suitable pressure for causing both ends of the eyelets to spread out or flatten themselves on the flaps of the envelope, and thus keep these latter firmly adhering together. Patent abandoned.

1880 W. CLARK. Improvements in sewing machines and in the devices used to impart motion to the same or to other machines. (A communication.) Dated July 19, 1866. The great length of this specification precludes our here quoting it at sufficient length for au intelligible abstract. Patent completed.

1881 W. TONGUE. Improved methods and apparatus for stee ping, boiling, bleaching, and dyeing fibrous materials. Dated July 19, 1866. The first part of this invention relates to apparatus to be employed in the steeping, boiling, bleaching, or otherwise treating fibrous materials where it is desirable to lay such materials in the solutions employed in a straight and unentangled state, and after being operated upon, to remove them in a similar condition for after operations. This is best effected by laying the material -such as China grass, flax, hemp, and other similar fibres-in trays, such trays when charged being arranged in the cistern until a sufficient amount of material has been accumulated. Now, in order to facilitate the introduction or removal of such material so placed in the cistern, the patentee finds it desirable to arrange the table or platform within the cistern, which can be raised or lowered without obstructing the free access to the cistern, so that the material can be lifted from a truck or other

wise, and carried and placed in the cistern without uprights, chains, or other impediments obstructing the movements of the workpeople, such uprights or chains causing considerable delay and wear and tear when trays are employed to contain the material. The table or platform within the cistern may be raised or lowered, as desired, by various means, but he prefers to actuate it by means of chains or their equivalents attached to the table or platform; these chains pass over guide pulleys at the upper part of the cistern, and are then carried down the outside of the cistern, and wound around barrels to which motion is given by suitable gearing, so as to cause them to wind or unwind the chain, and to raise or lower the contents of the cistern. The second part of the invention relates to an improved method of dyeing fibrous materials, such as China grass, after such materials have been formed into a continuous sliver. He has found that such slivers may he passed into and out of liquids without seriously interfering with the regularity and straightness of the fibre composing the sliver, and when in this state can be dyed by being delivered into compartments (formed in the dyeing trough or cistern) by means of rollers. a suitable length of sliver has been in this manner immersed in the liquid, the end of the sliver is passed between rollers placed so as to draw the sliver from the liquid and deliver it into compartments formed in the dyeing trough, and by reversing the motion of these rollers the sliver can be re-delivered into the first-named compartments, the liquid being expressed between such immersion. After the sliver has been sufficiently impregnated with the solution (by repeating the above operation) it is withdrawn by means of rollers, and can then be submitted to another liquid in a similar manner to that above described, and so on, and when the operations are finished the sliver is dried and passed through the ordinary driving and combing or spinning operations. Patent completed.

When

1882 S. LONGBOTTOM and T. SHAW. Improvements in machinery for condensing wool or other fibrous substances. Dated July 19, 1866.

This invention relates to that class of machinery known as condensers and the improvements consist, firstly, in working the rubbers by means of an upright rocking shaft, which is actuated by a lever fixed thereon, and is connected by a rod to a crank or stud plate fixed on the under shaft of the condenser carder. On each opposite side of this upright shaft is also fixed an arm or double lever, and to each arm or lever is attached a connection rod. Secondly, in connecting the two raddles by one casting or plate having a slot hole in which works a crank or pin fixed in the back of a bevel wheel, which wheel is driven by another bevel wheel fixed on the lower bobbin drum by which they are worked or traversed, thereby dispensing with the lever and stud plate now used to give the necessary traverse motion to the raddles. Thirdly, in driving the bobbin drums by gear from the rubbing rollers, instead of from the change gear, thus facilitating the change. Patent completed. 1883 A. N. WORNUM. Improvements in pianofortes. Dated July 19, 1866.

For the purposes of this invention in the construction of upright pianofortes, and also when constructing horizontal pianofortes wherein the action strikes the strings from above, the inventor causes the soundboards to be carried under. and beyond the wrest plank bridge, which is supported upon the standards passing through the sounding board into the braces, openings being made in the sounding boards for the standards sufficient for the same not to interfere with the vibrations of the sounding board, or the wrest plank bridge may be fixed on a board above the soundingboard attached to the sides of the case. Pate it abandoned. (A communication.) Dated July 19, 1866. 1884 F. NEIDLINGER Improvements, in sewing machines. This invention is not deccribed apart from the drawings. Patent completed.

1885 R. IRVINE and P. BRASH. Improvements in the treatment of certain residues in order to obtain fatty acids therefrom. Dated July 19, 1866.

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This invention consists in treating the material known as cotton seed foots," or the residuum containing the impurities separated from the oil expressed or extracted from cotton seeds, in its purification by means of alkalies or alkaline earths, for the purpose of obtaining the fatty acids present therein in a pure or nearly pure state. For this purpose the patentees treat the cotton seed foots with any of the acids known as sulphuric, nitric, hydrochloric, or phosphoric acids, either alone or with mixtures of the same, and the proportion in which such acids are to be employed will depend upon the degree of alkalinity of the foots to be operated upon. Patent completed.

1886 W. E. NETHERSOLE. Facilitating the tipping of coal or other material from railway waggons, and for the prevention of breakage of coal in tipping, alsowaste of coal while tipping. Dated July 20, 1866.

In performing this invention the inventor places a shoot (of wrought iron or other suitable material) on to the tip end of the railway waggon or truck, the said shoot having shoot is levered on the buffers, and not only facilitates the sides and working on a movable pivot. When tipping this tipping but prevents breakage by doing away with the sudden fall of whatever material is being tipped, and concussion against the buffers and drawgear; it also prevents waste by forming a guide for the delivery. Patent abandoned.

1887 W. BURGESS. Improvements in apparatus for washing, wringing, and mangling. Dated July 20, 1866.

This invention consists, firstly, in constructing those parts of washing machines used for containing the water in which the various articles have to be washed of iron, having those surfaces which are exposed to the action of the water and liable to corrosion protected by a vitreous, enamelled, or other coating, applied in the usual known manner, which requires considerable heat to harden or fuse after it is first applied to the parts which it is desired to protect. Secondly in constructing those parts of the apparatus used for washing of iron coated as above, but having series of gas jets or a furnace and flue or chimney suitably placed beneath the apparatus, in order that the water may be heated in the apparatus itself, without the necessity of employing a separate boiler for that purpose. Thirdly, in constructing the rollers of that part of the apparatus employed for mangling and wringing of metal, one or more of which rollers being caused to run loosely upon a perforated hollow spindle or pipe, which may be supplied with gas from another pipe or tube for the purpose of heating such rollers when required. Patent abandoned. 1888 M. A. F. MENNONS. Improvements in the mode of and apparatus for generating gas for lighting, heating, and

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1866. The apparatus for performing this invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent abandoned. 1889 F. J. ROWLEY. Improvements in gas pendants, gaseliers, and gas brackets. Dated July 20, 1836.

The first object of this invention is to permit, intercept, and regulate the flow of gas to the burners of pendants. For this purpose the inventor fits at the top part of the pendant a hollow valve, plug, or thimble, which he prefers to make conical, and which works in a seat or socket, in which is or are formed one or more orifices, a corresponding orifice or orifices being made in the valve or plug; through these orifices gas is admitted to the body of or passage through the pendant when the valve or plug is turned in such manner as to bring its orifices opposite those in the seat or socket, so as to open them; and the gas will be shut off when the plug or valve is turned so as to close the orifices in the seat or socket. The valve or plug is worked or turned by a rod or stem, which passes down through the pendant, and is actuated by a key or other turning contrivance applied at its lower end, which end may be concealed by a knob on the pendant, made of a material which is a bad or nonconductor of heat, and having an aperture in it through which the rod is attained. To prevent the escape of gas, the rod may work in a stuffing-box or packing. Instead of constracting the valve or plug to turn, it may be raised and depressed by the rod, by means of a screw or otherwise, so as to open and close the orifices in the seat or socket. Patent abandoned.

1890 H. TROTMAN. A feed box for the prevention of injury to marine boilers, with surface condensing engines. Dated July 21, 1866.

This invention consists in the construction of a box or chamber, and the application of the said box or chamber on to or within marine boilers, for the purpose of arresting the impurities of the condensed feed water, and preventing their entry into or causing injury to the boilers. This box or chamber (to the exact size of which the patentee does not confine himself) he fits with a series of tabes or iron rods or bars, supported in two end or side plates, in such man. ner as to form, altogether, a framework which can be removed with ease from the box or chamber. Both the end or side plates are perforated, so that the ends of the tubes, rods, or iron bars may be passed through, and extend beyond the end or side plates, and one or both end or side plate, may, in addition, be perforated with round, halfround, or other shaped holes; or the tubes, rods, or bars may be made so as to fit the perforated end or side plates just loosely-with a "loose fit." The framework thus formed is placed in the box or chamber in snch manner that two of its sides or ends fi: closely to two of the sides or ends of the box, leaving two spaces between the other sides or ends (as the case may be) of the framework and the sides or ends of the box or chamber. He places a plate of zinc inside the box between the ends of the tubes, rods, or bars, and the box. Above this framework of tubes or iron rods, or bars and end or side plates he places a top plate, hereinafter called an "inner top plate," which covers not only the said framework, but all the spaces just mentioned, so fitting closely to the sides and ends of the box, but capable of being with ease removed. This inner top plate forms with the perforated end or side plates of framework an inner chamber. Above this inner top plate he, in some cases, places another framework of tubes, rods, or iron bars to receive any impurities that may escape from the inner chamber in which the first framework is placed. Above the inner top plate or covering, placed over the under framework, he places a zinc plate longitudinally inside the box, on each side between the upper surface of inner top plate or cover of the lower framework, and the under surface of the outer plate or cover of feed box, or at sides of upper framework. Patent completed.

1891 H. SMITH. Improvements in riveting, boring, and other apparatus, and in arrangements to be used in constructing ships, bridges, boilers, and other metallic structures. Dated July 21, 1866.

This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. Certain improvements in furnaces.

1892 R. HoOPER. Dated July 21, 1866. This invention is designed for the purpose of effecting the more perfect combustion of gases evolved from the fuel ing the coal forming clinkers upon the firebars. The imin furnaces, thereby diminishing smoke, and also preventwalls extending the whole length of the furnace, from the provements consist in forming a cavity or hollow in the back to the front, the opening or communication with the outer atmosphere being formed by a passage opening out behind, the entrance of the air into the same being governed by a valve. The back of the furnace, where the air rushes into the fire, is in the form of a double wall, the outer one of which is built up solid, and the inner one constructed with openings or perforations, the space between the two walls being a continuation of the cavity or hollow formed in the side walls of the furnace. The admission of valve, and as it pasess along the hollow or cavity in the furair when entering the furnace is regulated by the aforesaid nace wall becomes rarefied or heated, and in that state passes into the fire through the perforations in the back of the fire grate, thereby assisting combustion and preventing the grate or bars being choked with clinkers. Patent abandoned,

1893 W. S. DAVIS. The improvement in the construction of a roller for window blinds, "maps, and almanacs. Dated July 21, 1866.

This invention consists of a roller divided into two longitudinal sections, extending the whole length thereof, each section having a rabbet groove throughout the whole length made on the inner or flat surface, and on one edge. The sections, constructed as before mentioned, are connected together at their extreme ends, at one end by means of the cord wheel, and at the other end by means of a ring or ferrule, or a plain wheel, or by any other convenient manner; it will then form a roller through it and a plough groove on the top the whole length of the roller." The blind having a hem at the top is passed through the slit in the roller, and is supported in the ploughed groove by passing a rod, slip, or tongue through the hem of the blind; by pulling the blind at the bottom the rod, slip, or tongue will fit into the ploughed groove on the top of the roller. Patent abandoned.

1894 T. H. LUCAS. Improvements in machinery for the manufacture of nails. Dated July 21, 1866. The object of this invention is to manufacture by ma. chinery nails which, for all practical purposes, shall be as

good as hand made nails, and which can be produced at a very much lower cost. The invention is adapted for the manufacture of all kinds of square-sided nails, whether having flat, round, countersunk, or other kind of heads. The machinery for which the inventor seeks protection consists of two side slides, which are actuated by cams; one front side actuated also by a cam or other mechanical equivalent. The necessary motion is given to these by means of spur and bevel wheels suitably placed. Patent abandoned

1895 W. BELLAMY. Improvements in apparatus used for imbibing or sucking in liquids known as “bombillas." Dated July 21, 1866.

The articles known as "Bombillas" are tubes having at one end thereof a bowl in which are several holes or apertures. They are largely exported to South America, and are used in the following manner :-The bowl is placed in the liquid desired to be imbibed or sucked in, and the other end of the tube in the mouth of the person using the apparatus, who imbibes or draws up the fluid. The first part of the invention relates to an improved manner of forming the bowl. Usually the plates which form the bowl have been soldered together, so that the edges have to be afterwards dressed by a separate and distinct operation. According to these improvements the plates used for forming the bowl are pressed together or the edges may be closed by a lathe. In this manner no dressing is afterwards required, but the article is ready at once for plating. The second part of the invention relates to the manner of forming the holes or apertures in the bowl. According to the present method the piece of metal which forms the bowl has holes pierced therein, one at a time, but by this improved method all the holes needed are pierced in the blank at one time by a single movement of the press. The said blank is afterwards raised and clipped, when it is ready for putting together. It is afterwards closed at the press and so finished. Patent completed.

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neer.

Dated November 14, 1866.

35 E. A. Cowper, Great George-street, Westminster. Improvements in steam jackets for steam engines. 37 C. Preston and G. Dania, machinists, W. Houghton, manager, and R. Bottomley, cotton spinner, Rochdale, Lancashire. Improvements in or applicable to mules and like machines for roving, slubbing, spinning, twisting, and doubling cotton, wool, and other fibrous materials.

Dated January 7, 1867.

39 B. Biggs, Laurence Pountney Hill, merchant. Improvements in and applicable to candles.

41 C. Kelly, Charles-street, Berners-street, and C. Laurent, High-street, Marylebone. Improvements in harmoniums and organs.

43 F. B. Doering, Bayswater, civil engineer. Improvements in engines for boring and working rock and other material, and in stands for such engines, the improvements an engines being partly applicable to other purposes. 45 R. H. Ashton, Ashton-on-Mersey, Cheshire. Improvements in the production of printing and embossing surfaces from photographs.

Dated January 8, 1867.

49 J. Stanton, gunlock manufacturer, Clifton-street, Wolverhampton. An improved self-acting safety gunlock. 51 R. Robinson, Preston, Lancashire, engineer and tool maker. Improved apparatus for regulating, controlling, and for varying the speed of shafts and machinery. 53 W. Wood, Monkhill, near Pontefract, Yorkshire. Improvements in the manufacture of jacquard tapestry, and plain and printed terry and cut pile carpets, by the application of materials not hitherto used in such manufacture. Dated January 9, 1867.

59 J. H. Burton, Cheapside, engineer. Improvements in breechloading firearms.

61 J. Petrie, Rochdale, Lancashire, engineer. Improvements in steam engines.

63 A. V. Newton, Chancery-lane, mechanical draftsman. Improvements in artificial legs. (A communication.)

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110 W. A. Lyttle, General Post Office. Improvements in and connected with the folding of newspapers and other periodical publications.

112 C. W. Lancaster, New Bond-street, gun manufacturer. Improvements in breechloading firearms, 114 G. Hookham, Summertown House, Summertown, Oxfordshire. Improvements in firearms and ordnance, and in cartridges to be used therewith.

2979 C. M. Bathias, Rue Montmartre, Paris, civil engiAn improved apparatus for registering the speed of machinery or the distance travelled by vehicles. Dated November 17, 1866. 3015 C. W. Orford, Lifford, King's Norton, Worcestershire, civil engineer. A new or improved portable bath. Dated November 24, 1866. 3093 J. Mitchell, Wellington Chemical Works, Mussel116 W. Howarth, dentist, and M. Pearson, overlooker, burgh, manufacturing chemist, and W. C. Laird, Leith, Bradford, and J. Pearson, Thornton, Yorkshire, jacquard merchant. A new or improved detergent material applic-harness maker. Improvements in jacquard engines. able to the cleansing of wool and other fibrous substances, and to all purposes where coarse soap is used.

Dated November 29, 1866.

3141 R. Mitchell, jun., Nile-street, Sunderland, watch maker. A revolving watch bow and pendant.

Dated December 15, 1866.

3305 W. Campion, Butcher-street Works, Butcher-street, Nottingham, mechanist and sewing machine manufacturer. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for linking, joining, turning off, and clearing looped or knitted fabrics, applicable also to stitching machines.

Dated December 19, 1866.

3331 G. Davies, Serle-street, Lincoln's Inn, civil engineer. Improvements in cylindrical printing presses. (A communication.)

Dated December 22, 1866.

3385 F. Beltzer, Sotteville-les-Rouen, department of the Seine-Inférieure, France. Improved machinery or apparatus for sizing cotton, flax, hemp, and other thread or yarn.

Dated December 27, 1866. 3399 W. Brookes, overlooker, and J. Mayes, manufacturer, Loughborough, Leicestershire. Improvements in

the manufacture or production of needles.

Dated December 31, 1866. 3439 W. Loeder, New Broad-street, City, merchant. Improvements in rails and in part of the permanent way of railways. (A communication.)

3441 H. Allman, Ampthill-square, civil engineer. Certain improvements in the construction of locks and keys. 3449 C. F. Flach, Call, Eifel, Prussia. Improvements in extracting silver from lead,

3453 F. P. Warren, East Court, Cosham, Hampshire, Com. R.N. Improvements in cooking apparatus, parts of which improvements are applicable also to other purposes. Dated January 2, 1867.

10 J. Plews, Bucklersbury, civil engineer. Improvements in breechloading firearms and ordnance.

Dated January 3, 1867.

17 J. Cockshoot, jun., Strange ways, Manchester, coach builder. Certain improvements in the manufacture of car. riages, coaches, and other vehicles.

19 J. K. Broadbent, Manchester. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for the prevention of smoke from furnaces used for steam boilers and other similar purposes. 21 W. Lamoreux, Charing Cross Hotel, Strand. provements in applying teeth to saws.

Dated January 4, 1867.

Im

27 J. Lane, West Bromwich, Staffordshire, machinist. Improvements in apparatus for heating water and delivering water to steam boilers, which improvements are also applicable to other purposes.

31 J. H. Schucht, Store-street, Bedford-square, pianoforte manufacturer, Improvements in the action of upright pianofortes.

Dated January 5, 1867.

33 D. Dowling, Radley's Hotel, Blackfriars, Ex-Col., Southern Army of Italy, and C. Greves, Shepherdess Walk, City-road, gunmaker. Improvements in breechloading fire

arms.

Dated January 17, 1867.

118 W. Stafford and W. P. M'Callum, Blackburn, Lancashire, engineers. An improved bolt.

2460 W. Cormack. Revivification of animal charcoal. 2461 C. E. Brooman. Lace machinery. (A communication.)

2472 J. J. Lundy. Distillation of mineral oils.
2478 T. Amey. Preserving milk.

2479 J. O. Sellars. Metalfounder's blacking.
2492 W. R. Corson. Affixing knobs to furniture.
2498 J. E. Thibault. Preventing ships from foundering
2500 G. Slater. Churns.

2506 J. and J. Broughton. Washing machine.
2507 W. Ryan and W. Egar. Fire-escape.
2508 J. S. Johnstone. Motive power.
2510 C. Fox. Safety belt.

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tion.)
2521 W. Clark. Steering vessels. (A communication.)
2524 J. Chalmers. Bolts.

2525 P. R. Hodge. Filtration of fluids.
2526 A. M. Dix. Refrigerators.

2531 F. Tolhausen. Manometrical sounding apparatus. (A communication.)

2535 M. P. Robertson. Fastening bales of cotton. (A communication.)

2536 C. E, Brooman. Imponderable fluid. (A communication.)

2545 R. Mortimer. Impressing railway tickets. 2559 J. H. Johnson. Grate bars. (A communication.) 2563 F. W. Kaselowsky. Carding the tow of flax. 2564 F. W. Kaselowsky. Separating the woody part from flax. Hoisting apparatus. (A communica

2578 W. Clark.

tion.)

2581 A. Ripley. Water meters.

2582 J. H. Roberts. Fastening for windows. 2613 G. Pitt. Uniting parts of metal bedsteads. 2615 E. Peyton. Printing rollers.

2623 A. H. H. Brandon. Electrical apparatus. (A communication.)

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102 H. A. Bonneville, Small-arms. (A communication.)

The full titles of the patents in the above list can be ascertained by referring back to their numbers in the list of provisional protections previously published.

Opposition can be entered to the granting of a patent to any of the parties in the above list who have given notice of their intentior to proceed, within twenty-one days from the date of the Gazette in which the notice appears, by leaving at the Commissioners' office particulars in writing of the objection to the application.

122 R. Newhall, Astwood Bank, Worcestershire, needle case manufacturer. Improvements in vases or receptacles PATENTS ON WHICH THE STAMP DUTY OF £50 for needles, pins, cards, stamps, photographs, cigars, and other similar articles.

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