ELLSWORTH D FOSTER ASSOCIATE EDITOR NEW PRACTICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY; AUTHOR OF EDITOR FOR CANADA GEORGE” “H” LOCKE LIBRARIAN, TORONTO PUBLIC LIBRARY, TORONTO, ONTARIO ASSISTED BY ONE HUNDRED FIFTY ISTINGUISHED SCIENTISTS, EDUCATORS, ARTISTS AND LEADERS OF THOUGHT IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA Wondrous interlacement! Holding fast to threads y green and silky rings, With the dawn it spreads its white and purple wings; Generous in its bloom, and sheltering while it clings, Sturdy morning-glory. L HELEN HUNT: Morning Glory. Gerous are tall Town n h morning, endure Feet sught; the Fossoon ter sirs, to en again of day Th. vie has a dark--shaped leaf. 1 gross at an astonishingly rapid rate, twining sei about anything near it and growing from ten to twenty feet high. It is extensively cultivated in coun-try gardens, and as a screen to adorn fences, posts and verandas. In regions where it has been allowed to r 1 Ar own as bindweed. The Japane n'e, sacred. MOROCCO, mo oecupying the northwest extre... pean nations for pros Algeria on the east north and west by t the Atlantic Ocean the Spanish Gold Corsi 248 ASP357 -d SEVEN Sahara, in which its limits are not sharply defined. It comprises approximately 219,000 square miles, an area less than that of Texas. The People and Their Surroundings. The population of Morocco is generally estimated at 5,000,000. There is almost no industry, though cattle, hides, wool, barley, wheat, eggs, almonds, flaxseed, beans and some other products are exported. In agriculture the most primitive of methods and implements are employed. The country is crossed from northeast to southwest by LOCATION MAP parallel chains of the Atlas Mountains. Though much of it is unsuited to cultivation, there are vast areas on the table-lands between the mountains and the sea that would be very productive if properly tilled. Pierre Loti calls Morocco an "empire carpeted with flowers," and Burton Holmes relates that the road from Tangier to Fez lies between "interminable beds" of wild flowers of every color. Most of this land lies fallow while the native Berbers cultivate the less productive soil in the slopes of the mountains. The Berbers constitute the most numerous part of the population and are to be found chiefly in the mountains, a rude and hardy stock. The plains are inhabited by the Arabs and the Moors, a people of mixed Berber and Arabic blood, and Arabic culture. In the towns the most energetic and progressive element is Jewish, which now has in its hands most of the foreign trade. The chief towns are Fez, the capital (140,000), Tangier (35,000), and Morocco. Government. Until recently Morocco was technically a sultanate. The sultan ruled as a despot, recognized as the chief of the state and the nead of the religion which is Mohamme2.n A-11 ished. Taxes were arbit ly at me! and ruthlessly collected. The system of justice was deplorable. Now however, France, hoping to incorporate Morocco in her vast African Empire, has established a protectorate over most of the country, and has induced the sultan to countenance certain administrative and financial reforms. A military police with French officers has been organized. Germany and Spain for a time opposed French domination, but in 1911 Germany abandored her claims in return for the cession of a part of French Congo, and Spain has been given a protectorate over the Mediterranean coast. A space of 140 square miles about Tangier, the port opposite Gibraltar, is internationalized. History. Morocco in ancient times formed part of the Roman province of Mauretania, and when Rome's power declined, it experienced the vicissitudes of the other African provinces. It was overrun by the Arabs in 682, reduced to submission and forced to adopt the Mohammedan religion. The chief dynasties in the centuries that followed were the Almoravides and the Almohades. It participated in the conquest of Spain, and during the latter part of the Middle Ages, when the Moorish power began to weaken. it was largely from Morocco that fresh contingents were drawn for service in Spain. When the Moors were from Spain after the fall of Grad many of them settled in Morocco In 1814 the slavery of Christians was abole and *lax piracy which had led to constaretion with European powers was prohibit de you later. The invasion of Spanish. tortory by lawless bands resulted in a war b pan i 1859. By the terms of peace Mortice Te ritory and was forced to pay a. in lemnity o* $20,000,000. Consult Finnemore's Morocco; Barbary Coast. Th MOROCCO, a city of North Africa, ninety miles from the Atlantic coast and 250 miles southwest of Fez, formerly a prosperous seat of Mohammedan learning. It is one of the capitals of the country of Morocco, and is favorably situated on an elevated plain about 1,500 feet above sea level, but there is little evidence of its former glory. A crumbling wall The manufacture of Morocco leather. merly of much greater importance than noi the only industry of note. Of the popula variously estimated at 50,000 to 75,000, a r number are Jews. There are not more t 500 European residents. Morocco was fou! in the eleventh century, reaching the heigi its prosperity about 1400. It then had a population of about 700,000. Civil wars and rebel lions caused its decline, and its people are ill turbulent and unruly. MOROCCO, a choice variety of di leather, made from the skins of goats, and ra duced originally by the Moors in Southe Spain and Morocco, whence its name. For those districts the industry spread to the I vant, Turkey and the countries in North Añ ei bordering on the Mediterranean Sea. T istic qualities of genuine moroc → vity, softness, fineness of grai Imitation morocco is now pre lly from the skins of calves and s used in binding books, upholstering furad making fine shoes. See LEATHER. MORPHEUS, maur'fe us, in classic mat C.V. he name bestowed upon a minis Scans more familiarly called the g He is represented as an aged ma ouring a vaporous narcotic from HINE, mawr' fin, or mawr' feen, a powd dangerous drug, in commercia f in white, crystalline grains. T doses it will relieve pain; phys lly prescribe very small quant leep. Large doses are apt. to prod unconsciousness or convulsions and sor result fatally. It m st not be taken Exec upon expert inedieadvice, as a habit sca formed which is exceedingly dangero to difficult to overcome. Frequent use of 10cotic may cause loss of flesh and color, ened memory and a lowered moral s Recovery from the deadly effects of tre d.g is slow and tediou sible in th for skilled p 1 RPHOLOGY to restore victims of the habit to ... al nditions. For medicinal purposes, orbite is usually administered in fluid form by 1odermic injection and is readily absorbed by the system. It is also a powerful emetic, and is an important principle in opium. It will crystallize in brilliant, colorless, odorless prisms See NARCOTIC. MORPHOLOGY, nor fol' o ji, the branches of biological and botanical science which deal with the form and structure of animals and plants. It investigates the development of animal and plant forms, rather than ther uses, studies the life history of the organism a. a whole and also of its separate organs, and races the resemblances and differences between different forms. In the study of botany mor]] y is somespoken of as suci u otany (see BOTermal structure is the t of pvlogy. It is that the trial is of cl:ssit cation ... was is employed by Coethe, and is from the Greek, morphe, me ng form, and logos, which means doctrue. he was the first to draw attention to the platio in form presented by living beings. aeckel's work on the science of morphology is te most famous book on the subiect. , as 1819 MORRIS, ho assisted otion. He as gradubia Unition studied ed practice. was born at Mon Y. an Jed West War. As a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 he was actively on the side of Alexander Hamilton, and to him is due the chief credit for the literary form of the Constitution. Morris was appointed minister to France in 1792 by President Washington, and from 1800 to 1803 held a seat in the United States Senate. In 1810 he became chairman of the Erie Canal Commission. He published pamphlets on taxation and currency and also wrote political satires for newspapers. His life, written by Theodore Roosevelt, was published in the "American Statesmen Series" in 1888. A great-grandson, who bears his name, is a widely-known magazine writer of short, popular stories. (See below.) GOUVERNEUR MORRIS ), a writer ls, whose characripally from the Gouverneur Morris (186 clever short stories and terizations are take wealthy leisure class. cate and bright, and is erary style 1 161 oks are ir, ethy illustrated by Howa Chor dler Christy of J. C. Leyendecker. His home is NYrk City; he comes of an old n on a New York family, and is the grat Ison of 4 neur Morris, one of the ang Revolutionary statesmen. He was graduated from Yale in 1898 and since the his devoted his time to literary production. MORRIS, ROBERT (1734-1806), was born in Liverpool, England, but when a young man he emigrated to the English colonies in America and became famous as a financier of the Revolutionary period. He gave large sums of money to the government and risked great personal loss in the cause of his country. Through his financial assistance the campaign of 1781 became possible, resulting in the capture of Yorktown. He w de exate to the Contrats Congress in 1773 and sigue the Deckarton |