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base of the membraneous ones is a row of seven blue dots. It feeds on sassafras, (Laurus sassafras) and Mr. Beadle has observed it on spice wood, (Laurus benzoin). It also feeds on many other species of Laurel.

The chrysalis is a little gibbous, of a pale ferruginous colour, with stripes of a darker tint.

The larvæ which are found in autumn change to pupa before the winter, and produce the imago at the beginning of the following summer; the others are hatched from the end of May all through the month of June and beginning of July.

This fine butterfly is very easily caught. It generally flies around the laurels, and loves to bask on the fragrant blossoms. It is common in Georgia and Virginia, and is found in the island of Jamaica. It is included in Dr. Harris' List of Lepidoptera inhabiting Massachusetts, and as before mentioned we have received it from St. Catherines, Canada West.

We now come to the second division of the Papilionidæ.

SUB-FAMILY II. PIERIDI.

Anal edge of the hind wings not concave, but grooved or formed into a gutter to receive the abdomen; the anterior tibiæ do not possess a spur in the middle, and the tarsal ungues are one or two dentate.

The caterpillers are not furnished with a nuchal fork. They are slightly pubescent, and rather slender at each end of the body.

It contains many genera, of which we believe only two occur in Canada, viz: colias and pieris. We do not know whether any species of the beautiful genera, aporia, xanthidia, gonepteryx and callidryas, which inhabit the Southern and middle, and the Southern parts of the Northern States, are to be met with any where in Canada, but we hope to learn that we may include some of them in our fauna.

GENUS I. COLIAS.

Palpi short, much compressed, fringed with short and close hairs, the last joint much shorter than the preceding; autennæ straight, short, terminated by an obtuse gradually formed club

By some authors Gonepteryx and Colias are separated into a third sub-family called Rhodoceridi, but for the sake of simplicity we have adhered to the more general arrangement which includes them amongst the Pieridi.

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which occupies about a fourth of their length, the head has no frontal tuft; forewings sub-triangular, and the posterior rounded; the discoidal cell of the hind wings closed; thorax thick; body shorter than the wings; tarsal ungues bifid; fore legs alike in both sexes. Their flight is very rapid, and they are difficult to capture. The caterpillars naked, elongate, cylindric, very finely setose and tubercled. The chrysalides rather short, sub-angular, gibbous, slightly beaked in front, attached by the tail, and by a girth behind the thorax.

The larvæ feed on leguminous plants.

This is one of the most natural genera of diurnal lepidoptera; the color is always some shade of yellow or orange, more or less bright, and frequently tinged with green. All have a portion of the wings marked with black; the forewings also exhibit a black discoidal spot, and the posterior a central spot, which is orange above, and generally silvery beneath. The palpi and antennæ are always reddish or rosy.

The general resemblance between the species and some being extremely subject to variation, has led to much confusion in their synonomy. The species are not very numerous, and none of them, even of the exotic kinds, beyond the middle size. This genus is found in all the temperate parts of the globe, but they are not known to inhabit the equatorial regions of the two continents. All those which are known come from Europe, Siberia, Cape of Good Hope, Barbary, North America, Mexico and New Holland. Six or seven species inhabit North America, of which two are found in Canada, viz:-C. edusa and Philodice. We also describe a third, C. chrysotheme which occurs in the State of New York. Two or three species inhabit Labrador and the Hudson's Bay Territories, and the remaining one the Southern States.

Species 1.-Colias Edusa. The Clouded Yellow.

Colias Edusa, Boisduval and Leconte, Ico. &c., des Lépidopteris, &c., de l'Amerique Sept. t. 1, p. 59. Paris, 1833.

Colias Edusa, Duncan, Brit. Butterflies, p. 103, pl. v, fig. 2. Edinburgh, 1835.

Colias Edusa, Kirby, Fauna Bor. Amer., (Insects) p. 287. Norwich, 1837.

Colias Edusa, Westwood and Humphrey, Brit. Butterflies, p. 15, pl. 11, fig. 1-4. London, 1841.

Papilio Edusa, Fabricius, Mant. Ins., t. 11, p. 23, n. 240. Hafnice, 1787, &c.

Papilio Edusa, Borkhausen, Europ. Schmett, pars i, p. 119 et 254, n. 3, pars ii, n. 213, Frankfort, 1788-1795.

Papilio Hyale, Cramer, Pap. p. 119, pl. cccii, fig. E. H. Utretcht, 1781.

Le Souci, Ernst, Pap. d'Europe, vol. ii, p. 226, pl. liv, n. 111, A. D. Paris, 1780.

VARIETIES.

Papilio Helice, var Hubner, Pap. tab. lxxxvii, fig. 440–441. Colias Myrmidone, Hubner, Europ. Schmett, tas. lxxxvi., fig. 432, 435.

Colias Myrmidone, West, and Hump Brit. Butterflies, 130, t. 42, f. 1-3.

Colias Chrysotheme, Step. Haust, 1, 11, t. 2, f. 1, 2.
Colias Aurora, Meig. Schmett, 1, 26, 2, t. viii, f. 1.

Also described by a very large number of other authors. Male;-Antennæ, rose-colored, with the club somewhat embrowned. Upper side; anterior wings, deep orange or saffron colour, with a broad, deep blackish brown margin, a little indented internally with the nervures which are finely but distinctly marked with yellow, and divide the black band, the fringe rose-colour; a black oblong spot marks the disk nearer the costa than the inner margin; costa, paler than the rest of the wing. Posterior wings shaded with green, and on each a round deep orange discoidal spot; the margin is also deep blackish brown, the brown colour terminating in a point short of the anal angle, which is paler than the rest of the wing. Under side; anterior wings paler than on the upper side, and all that part of the wing corresponding to the border, greenish yellow, seperated from the ground colour by a row of minute spots about six in number, increasing in size as they approach the inner margin, and placed parrallel to the hind margin, the three first very indistinct and ferruginous, the other three black. The black discoidal sub-marginal spot has a minute white pupil, and there are also two small ferruginous spots on the costa near the tip. Posterior wings, entirely pale yellow, in the centre is a compound eyelet, the exterior circle of which is composed of ferruginous scattered scales, which to form the iris are more condensed, and the two pupils, of which the outer one is the largest, are silvery. They have also a curved row of indistinct ferruginous spots placed parallel to the hind margin, and at the base a spot of rose-colour; the abdomen is greenish yellow, with the back black thorax covered with rosy hairs; expansion of the

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