class, however wealthy or intelligent it may be—is the primary consideration to be kept in mind. A legislative code is therefore incomplete without thoroughly effective provisions for securing to the citizen of whatever position, in life, the liberty to engage himself and to bring up his children in any occupation that he may choose, to make the best bargain for his labor that circumstances will permit or that his necessities may make advisable, and to change his business or enter a new field of labor, whenever or wherever he may decide that it is for his interests to do so, and in any way that he may choose, provided that he at all times deals honestly with his neighbors and commits no offence against the laws of the land. His right to acquire knowledge, and to usefully employ his powers of body and of mind is as indisputable as is his right to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Recent events have shown that legislation is necessary to secure this right—a right without freedom to exercise which the workers in no department of industry can be thoroughly prosperous. 6 APPENDIX. APPENDIX No. I. Industrial Drawing.-Massachusetts Law. Section 1. The first section of chapter thirty-eight of the general statutes, is hereby amended so as to include drawing among the branches of learning, which are by said section required to be taught in the public schools. Sec. 2. Any city or town may, and every city and town having more than ten thousand inhabitants shall, annually make provision for giving free instruction in industrial or mechanical drawing to persons over fifteen years of age, either in day or evening schools, under the direction of the said committee. Sec. 3. This act shall take effect upon its passage. Approved May 16, 1870. APPENDIX No. II. Outline of Massachusetts Factory Law.* The belting, exposed shafting, gearing and driving of all manufacturing establishments shall be securely guarded. No machinery, other than steam engines, in any such establishments shall be cleaned while running. Elevators in all such establishments shall be supplied with well-protected safety catches and self-closing hatches." For every one hundred feet, end and sides of such establishments, and to each story, there shall be on the outside a fenced * Report of Massachusetts Bureau of Labor, 1875. |