Capell; and one Gourdon, a liberal member, not to skim Lady Theresa's tenth chapter, moving that Lady Capell, then great with where the last hours of this true nobleman childe, be set in front of the battle,' the are recounted. Bishop Morley, who attendfather, rather than swerve from his loyalty, ed him, has left a touching detail. The replied, 'Murder his son they might, whose lion-hearted Capell bade farewell to his wife blood he would leave it to Heaven to and family with tender manliness: 'God avenge.' History is a succession of parallels; will be to thee a better husband, and a betthus at the siege of Tarifa, in 1292, when ter father to our children.' He told his traitors brought the little child of the weeping friends to be of good cheer: 'there Governor Guzman and threatened to kill will be more to celebrate my memory withhim if the father would not surrender, the praise than sadness.' He met death with good man threw his dagger from the ram- the fortitude of a soldier and a Christian. parts, exclaiming, 'I prefer honour without His head-better than a Golgotha of Rounda son to a son with disgrace.' heads-was severed at one blow. His heart Colchester surrendered after a noble de- was, by his express desire, enclosed in a fence, and Fairfax, having made a terrorist silver box, to be buried at his Royal master's example by the execution of two brave and feet. At the Restoration it was placed in honourable officers, granted quarter to the the hands of Charles II.-removed to the rest. Lord Capell was confined in the Capell evidence-room in the country-and Tower previous to his banishment, which forgotten! It was accidentally found in both Houses had intended; but the armed 1703 by the family chaplain, who, fearful man now stood forth, and the great catas that the sexton might covet the silver if the trophe was at hand. Yet no dungeons of box were buried, had it sold, and an iron the Tower could damp the loyalty of Capell, one substituted, in which all that remains of who concluded an urgent letter to Cromwell some of the noblest dust on earth now rests with the offer of his life to redeem that of for ever. his King; à vain attempt, which only acce- We must pass once more to chivalrous, lerated his own fate. Ordered for immedi- romantic Spain. The heart of the royal ate trial by the House of Commons, he Bruce, which the 'good Lord James Douglas' escaped from the Tower, was betrayed, re- was enjoined to carry to the Holy Land, taken, and condemned by a mock tribunal. was also inclosed by him in a silver box, Parliament, then swayed by the eloquence- which he wore round his neck, until at Teba, adorned or unadorned-of a few demagogues, in 1328, on being deserted in the critical violated every principle of honour and mo- moment by his Spanish allies, the Scottish rality, to say nothing of the mud-trampled Knight threw the glorious relic into the constitution. Petitions in his favour were fiercest fray, exclaimingpresented with no avail. Capell's very merits precluded him from mercy, and the wielder of the sword, Carlyle's magnanimous hero, urged the death, for the good of the Commonwealth, of a man whose great And he kept his word. This identical box courage, industry, and generosity would ever was preserved within a few years at Jaen, make a thorn in their sides.' Thus was having escaped chaplains, sextons, and meltCapell struck down' by one who, of all ing pots, Moorish and Christian. We unothers, as a soldier, should (says Lady derstand that, since the recent reforms, it Theresa) have protected when fair quarter has gone the way of most Peninsular plate. had been granted on the field;' and another Good Lord James's own heart, also in a victim was added to those judicial murders, silver box, is still preserved in the striking which, according to Voltaire, the genius of Cemetery of his grand race at Douglas. England loves to commit. And well for It has been a sincere pleasure to us to us has been this habit of legality, when, agree so often with our fair Whig, who must cruel as the letter of the law may have pardon us if we can find no analogy between been, or abominable its perversion, still a the cases of Lord Capell and Marshall Ney symbol of justice dealt the blow, checked-beyond the simple fact that both were popular fury, and spared us the burning na- tried and executed-the one in defiance of tional infamy of massacres, dragonnades, granted quarter, the other in strict accordnoyades, fusillades, and other wholesale ance with clearly reserved rights; a truth, ferocities for which we have no name. Our and a whole truth, that stands clearly and most sinful judicial murders were at least also most gracefully explained in the Duke's committed in open day and before God and memorandum of November 19, 1815. Lord Capell, bred and born an English gentleman, We must beg the laziest of our readers was quite as physically brave as le brave

man.

6

'Pass first in fight, as thou wast wont to doDouglas will follow thee or die!'

The

des braves, and infinitely more morally cou-sin to James I., without his Majesty's prirageous than that weak-minded, impulsive vity and consent. We must refer our readers soldier. Ready to ransom his king's life at to Lady Theresa's full and true particulars the cost of his own, Capell never would of this tragic romance of real life. have betrayed his Charles with Judas kiss; poor lady died in the Tower in 1615-her never would have sworn to bring Cromwell reason having given way under a four years' in an iron cage, and forthwith joined him, captivity and the ill-usage of her cruel and adding gratuitous perjury to treason. It cowardly king and kinsman. Her husband, suited, indeed, the anti-English politics who had escaped to Belgium, now returned, hatched and fostered in a suburban villa-married the sister of Lord Essex, and in and how virulent what Lord Dudley called 1621 succeeded, in his thirty-third year, to 'the Esoteric Doctrine of ultra-Whiggism,' the family estates. As neither his own nor a recent parricidal publication has revealed his ancestors' antecedents inclined him to -to elevate into hero-worship our bitterest seek the Court, he lived apart in literary enemies, and to hamper and depreciate our ease until 1640, when, in his fiftieth year, best defenders. 'The truth is,' wrote Dud- he was one of the first to petition Charles ley-(22nd June, 1816)- the Whig Oppo to summon a parliament. He was also one sition had staked everything upon Napo of the first, like Falkland and Capell, to leon's success, and are grieved at his failure.' cling to the Crown when the real views of "The Whigs,' said Wilberforce, are glad the reformers began to be manifest. He to see just so much mischief befall their had disapproved of the proceedings against country as would bring themselves into Strafford, ere mistrust of the King's wordoffice.' 'Lord Holland,' wrote the Duke who in that death-warrant signed his ownin the very last page of his immortal De- and the disappointment of the Bedfords, spatches, accuses me, in pretty plain terms, Pyms, Hampdens, and other patriots, in of allowing that accomplished soldier [Ney] getting place and office, turned possible to be judicially murdered, because I could not friends into foes, and fanned reform into beat him in the field.-If the letter had not revolution.

6

6

been shown to me confidentially, I would Hertford, in 1641, was made a member have prosecuted his lordship for a libel.' The of the Privy Council, which then, as Lady cannon that announced the Duke's victories Theresa has well shown, formed a sort of over Ney at Busaco, Santarem, and Fuentes legislative cabinet, and his appointment de Oñoro, found no echo in the dull ear of was one of the first conciliatory concessions ex-official Brookes's or Kensington, where made to the growing supremacy of parlia even the sham of loyalty was only called ment. He was soon named Governor to forth by the sunshine of place. the Prince of Wales, to the satisfaction of Unlike Lord Falkland, the soul of the every one except himself. He shrank from 'lion-hearted' Capell was enshrined in a the duties: a long indulgence had engrafted mortal coil worthy of its greatness. His a poco curante laziness, not unusual, indeed, frame was powerful and nobly formed-his but prejudicial to premiers and preceptors. features stamped with all the graces of one The heir apparent was now a sort of hostof nature's gentlemen; in body and mind age; and the Parliament, who feared his he was every inch a man. His portrait at conversion to Popery and removal from Enthe Grove, attributed to Vandyke, scarcely gland, by taking steps to separate him from does him justice; but better representations his parents, offered an insult to the King exist in the collections of Lord Essex and and father, which was met by the unconstiMr. Ford. tutional coup d'état, the attempt to arrest Lady Theresa concludes the series of her the five members. Hertford joined Charles interior Tribune with William Seymour, at York, and was among the first to face the Marquis of Hertford. To him perhaps a rebels in the field in the West, until, overspace greater than strictly his due has been looking the new slights put on himself by allotted; we cannot, however, press hardly the fatal nepotism of the Crown, he exon the fair author's partiality for what may changed the sword for the household wand, almost be called a new subject. Born in and never again quitted his master in life, 1588, he was grandson of that Earl of Hert- until his master quitted him by flying from ford who, during nine years' imprisonment Oxford to be sold for thirty pieces' by the in the Tower, had tasted the proud Tudor- Scots. No sooner was Charles condemned vengeance of Elizabeth, angered at his sto- to die than Lord Hertford, like Lord Capell, len marriage with her cousin, the Lady Ka- tendered his life in ransom; and next, the therine Grey. Undeterred by this example, regicidal tragedy complete, prayed to per William, in 1610, married that celebrated form the last duty to his master, and wait unfortunate, the Lady Arabella Stuart, cou-upon him to the grave.' And here let us

'Nothing common did nor mean Upon that solemn scene'

remark that the very French theatrical inci- | martyrdom-when the pith and marrow of dent told by Guizot, and painted by De la England, who had tasted the reality of Roche, of Cromwell's lifting up the coffin-lid Roundheads and Republicans, and had fully of his murdered sovereign, is a pure 'inven- understood the worth of these public-goodtion of the enemy.' The royal martyr, as private-place-mongers, now fled from petty republican Marvell allows, tyrants to the Crown, and crowded to wel. come Charles II. ;-first and foremost was Lord Hertford. The Garter was conferred on this faithful servant, and the title of nor were any French meannesses thought the attainder of his grandfather had never Duke of Somerset restored, as amply as if of by even his murderers. He slept in one been made. Thus a cloud, which for five royal palace, and was brought to be beheadsuccessive reigns had hung over the house ed at noonday, leisurely and solemnly, in front of another. He appeared on the scaf-months later this true cavalier, full of years of Seymour, was cleared away. Five fold in his usual dress, with the insignia, and honours, paid the last debt to nature. most splendid and costly, of the Garter.* Even the cap placed on his head before he the Grove is not one of the best, and neither The large portrait of Lord Hertford at laid it on the block had on it a laced border in the shape of a diadem. The Bishop of chronological nor artistical considerations London received his last Remember. Even permit us to attribute it to Vandyke; the full, placid features indicate the lover of after he lay down (for he did not kneel) on the block, his lords of the chamber placed ease-yet a searching look about the eye, and a determination in the mouth, mark themselves, as in observance of courtly duty, knowledge of the world, and a character not one by each of his feet. All this homage to be trifled with. to the sense of national dignity and decency forms-even in the blackest scene of our history-a signal contrast to the subsequent mimicry of the Tigre-singe-and so Guizot has himself very eloquently acknowledged. In like manner the royal body was borne to a royal tomb on the shoulders of the Duke of Richmond, Lords Hertford, Southampton, and Lindsey, and was laid in the vault of Windsor, without any words or other ceremonies than the sighs and tears of the few faithful friends. The Puritans denied, indeed, all rites of religion; but Cromwell was an Englishman, and too great to take pleasure in the charnel-house curiosities of a Robespierre. He aimed at the life of his king, but warred not with the dead, nor ever denied that respect to his mortal remains which the Restoration, to its eternal shame,

refused to his own.

where the images of so much loyalty and The excursion or pilgrimage to the site valour are enshrined is enhanced by Lady Theresa's faithful and descriptive cicerone catalogue. The Grove, appropriately embosomed in ancient trees, overlooks, from a through meadows such as afforded pleasure sunny bank, a trout-stream that gambols and profit to the honest ichthyophile Isaac Walton. The interior is enriched with above a hundred pictures-præclara supellexthe Villiers representatives of the Chancellor having considerably added to their nucleus moiety. The sweet still country is no less delectable to reviewers, long in populous city pent, than the dignified tranquillity, the serene security of position of these relics of 'auld lang syne,' is refreshing to the eye, after certain modern chalky con

ventionalities exhibited elsewhere.

these memorials of the past-these tranHow full of vitality and humanity are scripts of master-beings of a history we all have read, and with whom a personal acVandyke's life-conferring power, they come quaintance is now made! Here, fixed by

amongst us again, and are realised-rescued mance in which time and their strange careers as it were from the mythical and the rohad almost included them. As we pace these silent but speaking saloons, the loyal, national, and single interest of the court and camp of Charles, into which neither republican nor foreigner intrude, is unmistakeable. The pictures are well arrangedtreated as principals, and not, as too often, degraded into furniture, or sacrificed to Mr.

1

6

Banting and the evil genius of blue silk and they might have been united with more white and gold upholstery :-suaves res in- safety than in life. This queen of beauty, deed-and sufficient for the herds of bleat- the cynosure of all observers, rules alone at ing Cockneys who are goaded through apart-the Grove, in all the unmatched elegance of ments of State by inexorable drovers; but Vandyke's greatest power. Near her are sad it is for some to listen to the rote twad- the three Royal children, Charles, James, dle of show-housekeepers, public or private, and Mary; and, close at hand, a faithful and sadder still to think how little even the guard, Lords Falkland, Capell, and Herteducated classes really know of past history ford. Not far off appear James I. by Vanand art, and how much less they care about somer, and Buckingham by Jansen. The such things. Meantime, at the Grove, por- minion of this mean, detestable pedant, a trait-painting is in many instances elevated lanky Steenie, with the face of an angel, to the historical, so truly is the delicate like St. Stephen,' presents the impersonation spirit of expression seized, the mind and of a fop-a giant in dress, a pigmy in poliintellect as well as the form and habit per- tics; near him, and by Vandyke, is Lord petuated on canvas. Fortunate age, when Grandison, another Villiers-a family in a Vandyke lived to depict such subjects, which beauty is hereditary-who fell presuch costume, such real ladies and gentle- maturely on the battle-field. Then are men-not made by Nature's journey men, grouped around the princely Pembroke, the like the big mayors and Manchester men dilettante Arundel, Newcastle, the virtuoso manufactured and hung up in Trafalgar of the manége, the faithful Richmond, the Square. Still let us be candid-charming highbred Derby, so brutally murdered by as were the garbs and bearings of the age the Puritans, and his magnanimous Countess. of Charles, the Puritan Prynne had some These and many other most effective picreason when he inveighed against the un- tures cause us to turn from the curlyheaded loveliness of love-locks,' and we cannot ad- Cornburys, and the plum coloured silk dressmire the bringing down the hair so much ing gowns of Earl Henry the second, who on the brow, by which that temple of intelli- first began to sell. Nor can we bestow gence is masked and narrowed. more than a glance on the other perriwigged We shall attempt no descriptive details degenerate descendants of the Chancellor. of these pictures. They must be seen-or, Time indeed is a leveller: the accidents of if writing can do, the task is accomplished birth and fashion end at latest with 'the by Lady Theresa. One word only on the allotted span.' As the minnow-fry releading personages with whom we have cede, the good and great-the tritons-exbeen dealing. Here the founder and illus- pand. Howsoever inexorable, so soon and trator of the gallery may well pass first as surely does posterity winnow predecessors. he was wont and a sitting portrait, by Sir Weighed in the balance, how few really Peter Lely, brings him vividly before us stand forth! Charles, Cromwell, and Clain his robes of office; but there is no legal rendon; soon after Louis XIV., Turenne, speculation in his eye, nor do his musta- and Marlborough. Nay, the very present chios or chin-tuft tally with abstract notions judges of the present. Already the minor of a Lord High Chancellor; neither is shooting-stars--the Soults and Massenas— much intellectual power stamped on his fortisque Gyas, fortisque Cleanthus-pale full, rotund face-not to say jowl-or much their ineffectual fires; while Napoleon, careworn study suggested in his golden Nelson, and Wellington shine with the locks. From the collector to the practi- splendour of fixed planets in the galaxy of tioner the transition is easy-videlicet to glory.

6

the vivacious Duchess of Queensberry— Not less remarkable than the presence in 'Kitty, ever young and gay'-who, profit- this collection of some is the absence of ing by the Solomon Court, divided this others. Neither early recollections nor cherished creation of Clarendon; the oval friendships in Spain induced Clarendon to portrait of her Grace by Hudson is not give a place to Gondomar, the envoy who prepossessing the expression of this friend managed James, nor to Philip IV., the host of Prior's and patroness of Gay's-a strik- of Charles, nor to his minister Olivares, the ing figure, too, in Horace Walpole's Remi-foe of Buckingham. Charles himself, be niscences-is forbidding and disinheriting. it remembered, possessed no pictures by Of Charles I. there only remains a sketch, Spanish artists; nay, he left behind him at said to be by Vandyke, for the superb Madrid his own portrait, which Velazquez equestrian portrait at Blenheim. The fine had begun, and which now is lost for ever. full-length, once the pride of the Chancellor, The libel daub so recently puffed in English is at Bothwell; thus the uxorious husband papers and Scotch courts is a Snare and a is separated from his wife in death-where l delusion. We especially wonder that Cla

rendon should have allotted no little nook | 18,742 prints and drawings; then, having herto Sully, the beloved friend of the father of self prepared the ponderous catalogue to Henrietta-the minister and faithful friend, which we have alluded before, she consigned like himself, of a beloved and murdered the russia-bound regiment to, as we presume, master. We can understand why Clarendon, nearly uninterrupted repose in some pictura good hater, allotted no panel in his gal-esque closet of the limitless, silent, monulery to the fiery, headlong Rupert, whose mental Bodleian; nor shall we disturb their influence occasioned such damage to the rest beyond the remark that there lie enroyal cause. The real desideratum was tombed 713 portraits of Charles and 352 of Cromwell-whose absence, like the wanting Cromwell. Copperplates are subject, it bust of Brutus at the imperial funeral of would seem, to no less chances and changes Rome, or of Luther in the temple of the than crowns. The head of Cromwell after Danube, is the more suggestive of import- his death was rubbed out of an engraving ance. The void has been recently supplied by Lombard, and that of Louis XIV. put in by the present Earl-(who claims kindred its place. The Grand Monarque's turn came with the Protector through Mrs. Rich)-next, and his was effaced in favour of Gusand we could have wished with a better pic-tavus Adolphus. In due time the Swedish ture. It could not well be expected that hero disappeared to make way for Cromwell the Chancellor, in whose loyalty and politics once more-whose head having been again there was no tolerance-so often the mask obliterated-that of Charles I. anew graces of indifference-should find room under his the copper in a happy, we hope a final, resroof for republicans or regicides, or permit toration.

a Pym, a Marten or a Bradshaw to come between the Derbys, Richmonds, and their nobility. Unlike Charles, to forgive enemies and forget friends formed no article in his code. He had embarked body and soul

during my Time. By Henry Richard Lord Holland. Vol. i. Post 8vo. 1852..

in the one side of God and king, and the ART. VIII.-Memoirs of the Whig Party single-heartedness of his faith and allegiance was reflected in his gallery. Those therefore who are freer from party or prejudice, and desire to have all the scenes and all the WHEN in the spring of last year, we expressactors in this civil tragedy brought again ed our strong concurrence in the universal before them as at a diorama, must wend indignation excited by Lord Holland's 'Fortheir way not to the Grove, but to Oxford-eign Reminiscences,' and justified that inand perhaps they had as well visit old Alma dignation by extracts from a work which it Mater soon, before, among other blessed was irksome and even disgusting to copy, chances and changes, she is turned into a cross between Aberdeen and Heidelberg.

we stated that we were chiefly induced to do so by its announcement of the existence and probable publication of his Memoirs of our domestic policy.

The volume before us-which is marked, we are sorry to see, as the first of a seriesfully ratifies those anticipations. The period which it comprises, from his own youth to the death of Mr. Fox in 1806, affords but few occasions in which he could speak with much authority on public affairs; but he repeats all the angry traditions of his uncle's faction, additionally infected by a personal rancour which has disordered all his natural good qualities-nay, even his gentlemanly feelings-to an almost incredible degree.

It was about 1795 that Mr. Sutherland, a Russian merchant, took to illustrating the histories of Clarendon and Burnet-to which he devoted his life and fortune, infinitely to his better half's dissatisfaction, before whom printsellers recoiled; but the fair sex, jealous sometimes even of things, brook few rivals in the affections of their liege lords, and none in their purses. A rebuff and some official rudeness at the British Museum, in the days when contributors were chilled and repelled, and an accidental visit to the better-behaved Bodleian, led Mr. Sutherland to exclaim, Here my books shall repose!' Yet he bequeathed his collection to his wife, It has also the minor defects of being stuwarning her with his last breath, that if she pid and trivial; it deals with many illustribroke it up he would haunt her. The widow ous names and many memorable events, but accordingly pursued the completion of this it is really wonderful what an unlucky 'national work' with the ardour of the de- knack his Lordship has of reducing both to parted founder. Finally, this solace of her the smallest dimensions. His narrative, inweeds swelled, after a growth of twenty-deed, would be mere gossip and twaddle, but three years and an expense of 20,000l., into that it is leavened-soured, not sharpened sixty-three folio volumes, bursting with-by a kind of petty malice, that looks at