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PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS,

Easter Term, 1867.

WE have before (pp. 150-153) given many of the questions at the Preliminary Examination in May last; since then we have been favoured with the questions by another gentleman, and as these supply some of the omissions in the former, we give them insertion here.

COMPOSITION.

On one of the following subjects:

1. Write a history of your life. 2. Croquet and cricket.

3. Every bully is a coward.

4. Character of Oliver Cromwell.

5. One or two others forgotten.

ENGLISH GRAMMAR.

1. Account for the italicised portions of the following words :Could, nail, and many others.

2. Mention six words that are adjectives or substantives, according

to accent.

3. Give the past and perfect tenses of sit, lie, hang, set, &c. &c. 4. Give the exact meaning of the following affixes and prefixes:Repine, beholden, girlhood, rashness, &c.

5. Explain the following:-"If the salt have lost his savour," &c. "But and if ye do that and suffer," &c.

6. Several sentences given to correct or justify, and to give reasons for doing so.

ENGLISH HISTORY.

1. Give an account of England under the Saxons in the time of Egbert.

2. State to what kings the following surnames have been given, and the reason:-Rufus, Harefoot, Confessor, Beauclerc, Martyr, Ironside, Unready, Longshanks, &c.

3. To whom has the title of the English Justinian been given? Discuss the propriety of the title.

4. Give the leading laws passed between the reigns of Henry VII. and Elizabeth.

5. Give the story of the Spanish Armada, and state briefly Elizabeth's foreign policy.

6. Give the cause of discontent in Ireland in the reign of Charles I., and of that in Ireland and Scotland during the reigns of Charles I. and II.

7. Give the English colonies started during the last century. 8. State the most remarkable measures passed by the English Parliament since the Reform Bill of 1832.

GEOGRAPHY.

1. Give the meaning of the following terms :-Equator, steppe, meridian, zone, table-land, latitude, &c.

2. Give the boundaries of France, and trace the waters' bed between those running north-east and those running south-west, and mention rivers that run into France from other countries.

3. Give the capes, bays, and rivers on the south of England, and the littoral counties between the Humber and the Thames.

4. Into what seas respectively do the following rivers fall:Volga, Don, the Dniester?

5. State where the following towns are, and for what they are remarkable :-Malplaquet, Runnymead, Agincourt, Axholme, Evesham, &c.

6. Opposite to what part of the British Isles are Bergen, Christiania, and St. Petersburg?

7. What capes separate Italy from Sicily, and Corsica from Sardinia?

8. What rivers connect the three principal lakes in Italy with the Po, and what gulfs lie on each side of the Bay of Naples ?

9. Mention the principal lakes in Europe, and the mountains with which they are connected.

10. Mention four counties in Scotland, south of the Forth, which do not at any point touch the sea, and mention the towns, &c., you would pass in travelling from Aberdeen to Inverness by sea.

LATIN GRAMMAR.

1. From what are the following derived?-Carnis, Mellis, Rotis, Bovis, Maris, &c. ?

2. Give the first person singular perfect tense of the following verbs :-Nubo, Haurio, Orior, Vello, &c.

3. What is the difference between a verb deponent and an irregular verb ? Give six examples of each.

4. Give the principal rules for the government of the genitive. 5. Give the principal rules for the use of a double accusative. 6. Classify the Latin adverbs.

7. How are "Yes" and "No" expressed in Latin?

8. Several sentences given to translate, and explain the construction of.

ARITHMETIC.

1. Find out how many inches there are in 67,346 yards.
2. Three contractors put in tenders for a piece of work.

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will do it in 50, another in 40, and the other in 30 days. In what time will they do it together?

3. A man died and left to A., to B., and to C., £35,000 of his fortune. Find out what the whole fortune was, and the respective portions of A. and B.

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4. A train goes ths as fast as another, one gains 40 miles in a certain time. What distance had they each travelled during that time?

5. Divide £75,000 between three persons, so that the first may have as much as the second, and as much as the third.

6. Four partners gain £21,175, and this is to be divided among them, the first having £250 more than the second, the second £1750 more than the third, and the third £1175 more than the fourth. What had they each?

7. A train starts with 768 passengers. At the first station it puts down, and takes up 48; at the second it puts down, and takes up 34; at the third it puts down, and takes up 18. How many passengers are still left in the train?

8. If a divisor and dividend are multiplied by the same figure, what difference will be made in the answer?

9. A watch gains three minutes in every four hours, what does it gain in a week?

INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION.
(Trinity Term, 1867.)

COMMON LAW.

[The questions in this division are taken from Chitty on Contracts.]

I. Give a definition of a simple contract.

ANS. It is an agreement or engagement between parties, not under seal, consisting of the mutual assent of two or more persons, a valuable consideration, and a promise to do or omit something the object of the contract. (F. Bk. 205; Princ. Com. Law, 131, et seq.; 5 Exam. Chron. pp. 3, 4.)

II. Give some instances of considerations sufficient to support a simple contract.

ANS. Paying money or performing work, &c., for the party promising to pay, or foregoing, or even postponing for a certain time legal proceedings, or a legal claim. (5 Exam. Chron. 4, and references there; F. Bk. 206; 7 W. R. 615; 9 id. 281; 12 id. 55.)

III. To what cases does the Statute of Frauds apply? ANS. To the following contracts: Promises by executors or

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administrators to answer damages out of their own estate; guarantees; agreements in consideration of marriage; for sale of any interest in lands; agreements not to be performed within a year from the making thereof; and the sale of goods of the value of £10 and upwards. (F. Bk. 266, 207; 5 Exam. Chron. 5, tit. "Frauds, Statute of," and references; Com. Law Princ. 136-198.)

IV. Mention those classes of persons who are exempted from liability on their contracts by reason of their incompetency

to contract.

ANS. They are infants, married women, idiots, lunatics, &c., alien enemies, drunkards, persons of weak minds, and persons acting under duress. (F. Bk. 32, 34, 38, 41, 46, 110.)

V. Where a written contract is disputed, by whom is the contract to be construed?

ANS. The construction of written instruments belongs to the Court alone; but the true meaning of the terms used is to be ascertained by the jury. (6 Law Tim. Rep., N.S., 92.)

VI. What is a guarantee? How is it affected by the Statute of Frauds?

ANS. It is a promise by one to be responsible for the performance of some act by another person primarily liable to perform the same. By the Statute of Frauds the agreement must be in writing signed by the promisor or his agent. (F. Bk. 206; Princ. Com. Law, 121, 152, et. seq.; 5 Exam. Chron. p. 5, tit. "Guarantees," and references; ante, p. 52, and references.)

VII. What is a common count? Give some instances where it may be adopted.

ANS. The term common count is used to designate a portion (or whole) of a declaration, being a claim in respect of work and labour done, money lent, money paid, money had and received, goods bargained and sold, goods sold and delivered, and account stated. (See Com. Law Pract. p. 109.)

CONVEYANCING.

[The questions in this division are taken from Williams on Real

Property.]

I. What is the difference between rector and vicar?

ANS. Rectors and vicars agree in this respect, that they are clerks in holy orders, duly presented to a rectory or vicarage by the owner of the advowson. But a rector is entitled to great tithes, whilst the vicar is entitled only to petty tithes. (F. Bk. 71, 72.)

II. In respect of what property is succession duty payable? ANS. In respect of real estate and leaseholds, and of personalty

not subject to legacy duty. There are certain exceptions, as in the case of the Sovereign, husband and wife, small gifts, &c. (5 Exam. Chron. 195, tit. "Succession duty;" ante, p. 84, tit. "Succession duty," and references.)

III. Make out forms of attestation to a deed and will.

ANS. In the case of a deed the words used for attestation are"signed, sealed, and delivered by the within [adding name of party whose execution is to be attested] in the presence of" [witness' names]. In the case of a will, the following is the usual form"signed by the testator in the presence of us present at the same time, who in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses."

IV. Give an instance of an estate tail general, also an estate tail special.

ANS. To "A. and the heirs of his body begotten" confers an estate tail general; to "A. and the heirs of his body on B. his now wife to be begotten" confers an estate in tail special. The words "begotten are not absolutely necessary, but the word "body" is. (F. Bk. 123; 5 Exam. Chron. 195; ante, p. 84.)

V. What is the difference between a remainderman and a reversioner?

ANS. Tenure exists between the reversioner and particular tenant, but not between the tenant and remainderman. And as a consequence of the distinction fealty and rent are incident to the reversion but not to a remainder. (F. Bk. 150, 152; 5 Exam. Chron. tits. "Remainder" and "Reversion," and references there.

VI. State whether under any and what circumstances a tenant for life has a right to cut timber, open a quarry, or search for minerals.

ANS. A tenant for life, not holding without impeachment for waste, may only cut timber for fuel and necessary repairs, and work such quarries and mines as are already open. But if he holds expressly "without impeachment of waste," he may do any of the acts just mentioned in a proper manner; but cutting down ornamental timber is restrainable as equitable waste. (5 Exam. Chron. 199; F. Bk. 163, 255; Leg. Reas. Why, 188, 199.)

VII. Under what circumstances is it necessary to apply for letters of administration cum testamento annexo ?

ANS. Where no executor is named, or the executors named all renounce; administration with the will annexed will then be granted to the residuary legatee, next of kin, creditors, or others taking an interest under the will. (F. Bk. 227.)

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