was invoked to find lost keys; "St. Sythe women
get to seke theyr keys," says Sir Thomas More.
C. A. N.

Stonyhurst.

In addition to the existing examples of representations of this saint, I might mention that there is a figure of her depicted on the rood-screen at Somerleyton Church, Suffolk, carrying, grasped in her hand, a book in a kind of elongated leather binding, termed a chemise. The name is there spelt St. Sitha (Reliquary, 1892). South Town, Great Yarmouth.

W. B. GERISH.

intends to say. I do not know what ground Annandale's 'Dictionary' is supposed to cover; but if it is copious and ignores thunder-stricken it is an oversight. There is no verb "to thunder-strike " MR. TERRY says, Shall I excuse him for pointing extant. This brings me to Quintilian's fulgurare. it out? Most assuredly, and thank him also. He will find my authority for what I said if he looks it out in Facciolati. But it is an error that even a Facciolati or a Porson may make. It is undoubtedly of rare occurrence; but a universal negative is too wide a verdict for a mortal judgment to place on record in a globe chock full of exceptions. As to what MR. WELCH says, I agree with very PRINCESS ANNE'S HORSE (8th S. ii. 427, 492). much of it, although I fundamentally disagree -The following is the gist of a contemporary with him as to the duty of those who pose as account: Francis Gwyn of Llansanor, clerk to scientific. The very term scientific, in the the P.C., accompanied James II. to Salisbury immeasurableness of human ignorance, is to me when he marched from London against William, aggressively solecistic. I hold that men of science who was at that time at Exeter, with an have nothing to do with instructing their fellow advanced guard of three infantry regiments creatures, even in their own branch of study. Those at Honiton, under the supreme command of who care anything about what the scientific fancy Col. Tollemache. Gwyn was in Salisbury with they know will go to them for it; but the large James from November 19 to 26, 1688, and has outer world care nothing for them or their fluctuleft a diary recording the events of the week. In ating knowledge. As for turning schoolmasters in it he says that Lord Cornbury left Salisbury with English and phraseologists, physicists had better two regiments of horse, viz., St. Alban's, under keep quite aloof from all that. I do not ask MR. Col. Langston, and the King's, under the Duke of WELCH to accept this view for one moment, but Berwick. His ostensible motive was to attack neither shall I adopt his. It all hinges very William ; his real, to desert to his army. Cornbury largely on the old saying, "You should talk with and the dragoons got as far as Axminster, nine the vulgar, and think with the wise." Those who miles from Honiton, but the King's regiment, say "Yes" to this are with me, the "Noes" are getting scent of Cornbury's real motives, turned with MR. WELCH. We cannot agree till "Yes" back, while Langston's (sic) went on and joined Col. and "No" kiss hands. C. A. WARD. Tollemache at Honiton, who was waiting to receive them, as he was informed of Lord Cornbury's intentions. Thus we find Gwyn speaking of Col. Langston's Horse as St. Alban's, not the "Princess Anne's," and subsequently as Langston's only, they at that time being in the service of James. R. A. F. Reading, Berks.

Being gratefully conscious of the care with which N. & Q.' is printed, I am sure that I must be responsible for an omission at 1. 24 of p. 493; which leads to an inaccuracy. After "Orange should follow "under its lieutenant-colonel, Thomas Langston." I need hardly say that it was not the Prince of Orange, but Langston, who was thereupon appointed colonel. Langston died in 1689, but, his brother succeeding him as colonel, the regiment continued to be known as 66 Langston's Horse." KILLIGREW.

Chingford Hatch, E.

namely, Virgil (Georgic,' i. 370), writes:—
A more accessible author than Quintilian,
At Boreæ de parte trucis quum fulminat, et quum
Eurique Zephyrique tonat domus.

It seems to me that fulgurare expresses the flash
of light, and fulminare the consequent sound.
E. WALFORD, M.A.

Ventnor.

ALICE FITZALAN (8th S. ii. 248, 314, 457, 496). This seems perfectly clear; see Burke. Richard, tenth Earl of Arundel, died 1397/8, had a daughter Alice, born circa 1370, who married John Cheriton, Lord Powis. Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, died 1397, married Alice Fitz Alan, as above, and had

issue. Cardinal Beaufort, born about 1372, may
have been contracted to this lady early in life,
but when he took orders this contract would be
annulled. I say nought of the morality of the
proceeding, nor do I dispute the alleged paternity
of Sir John de Stradling.
A. HALL.

STEWART'S ROOMS (8th S. iii. 8).-These were at 191, Piccadilly, the site now occupied by the Institute of Painters in Water Colours. Stewart was succeeded by Wheatley & Adlard, and later by Puttick & Simpson. A. L. HUMPHREYS. 187, Piccadilly, W.

Margaret Smith married, first, Thomas Carey (or Carye), gentleman of the bedchamber to Charles I., and son of the Earl of Monmouth. He was one of the king's most attached servants, and died, it was said, of grief at his master's death. His widow married, secondly, Sir Edward Herbert. Thomas Carey left one daughter, who married John Mordaunt, and was mother of the great Earl of Peterborough. Lady Carey was painted whole length by Vandyck in 1636, and the picture, which was in the Wharton collection, was engraved by Faithorne, and also by Gunst. Granger describes Faithorne's engraving as one of the scarcest and finest of all our English prints," and Bromley calls it most fine and rare. CONSTANCE RUSSELL. Swallowfield, Reading.

66

66

The Slaughter families seem to have originated in Gloucestershire, the name being a corruption of Slobtres (the name of a hundred in that county). The family bad Cheney Court, Herefordshire; and there, or at Hopton Sellers, the old bearing, with impalement and quarterings, used to exist. The Sclaters of Leighton Buzzard, &c., were doubtless a branch. A mural tablet in the church gives three generations, I think. The arms seem identical. So also the Slatter and Slater families of various districts seem to have come from the same stem, and in all the variety of names to recall the old sloe trees of their original home.

THOMAS WILLIAMS.

GRAY'S BARD' (8th S. ii. 485; iii. 15).—With regard to the lines quoted by your correspondent, there can be little doubt that Gray refers to the

supposed supernatural power of song over inani-
mate objects. Oberon, in 'Midsummer Night's
Dream,' says:-

Thou rememberest
Since once I sat upon a promontory,

And heard a mermaid on a dolphin's back
Uttering such dulcet and harmonious breath
That the rude sea grew civil at her song,
And certain stars shot madly from their spheres,
To hear the sea-maid's music.

Act II. sc. ii. ll. 148-154.

To this passage may be added the following lines
from Milton's 'Comus':-

But first I must put off
These my sky-robes, spun out of Iris' woof,
And take the weeds and likeness of a swain
That to the service of this house belongs,
Who with his soft pipe, and smooth-dittied song,
Well knows to still the wild winds when they roar,
And hush the waving woods.-Ll. 82-8.

Cf. also, for the influence of music, the verses in
Henry VIII.' beginning:-

Orpheus with his lute made trees.

F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY. FIRE BY RUBBING STICKS (8th S. ii. 47, 114, 231, 314, 432; iii. 15).—One of the best accounts of this process, with an illustration, will be found in Dr. Lumholtz's 'Among Cannibals,' 1889, p. 141. JOHN MURRAY.

Of the production of fire by the friction of wood against wood, windmills of the old construction When the force of the wind increased, the miller gave, on a large scale, some disastrous examples. was obliged to bring each of the sails in succession to the ground, in order to "unclothe" it; but when sudden squalls came on this was impracticable, and the mill, in extreme cases, ran away, i.e., could not be stopped. Everything was now done to increase the grip of the wooden brake round the great wheel on the driving-shaft, and water was poured copiously over them; but in spite of all this flames would sometimes burst out from the intense friction, and the mill be probably burnt down as the result. The beautiful machinery of the modern windmill, by which the miller controls the action of the sails from the interior of the building, has reduced this danger to a minimum.

To obtain fire by the rubbing together of sticks is certainly no easy matter to the uninitiated; it must be one of knack and practice. My own attempts in this direction have always been unsuccessful. Even with the great friction available with the lathe, I have never got beyond smoke. F. J. N. IND.

Court Place, Iffley, Oxford.

THE DEVIL'S Books (8th S. ii. 9, 57, 134, 232, 373).-When crossing the Humber some years ago I heard an old dame on the steam packet refer to cards as "the devil's bible." L. L. K.

picture?

VAYNE CASTLE, FEARN, FORFAR, N.B. (8th S. Lightfoot. It represents the duke in Windsor ii. 287).-Considerable information concerning uniform, holding by his left hand the left hand of Vayne Castle is to be found in 'The Land of the a lady, who wears a riding-habit and plumed hat. Lindsays,' by A. Jervise, published by D. Douglas, At a little distance a groom holds two horses. Edinburgh, 1882. J. C. The surrounding scenery somewhat resembles that of the Lake District. The picture was painted by THE CAUSE OF DEATH (8th S. ii. 428, 533)-three artists, Benjamin Wilson, Gilpin, and Sir John Cullum, in his 'Hist. Hawstead,' p. 172, Barrett. Wilson was a portrait painter, and was compares the tradition as to the death of Elizabeth Master Painter to the Board of Ordnance. Gilpin Drury to the story of Lord Russell's daughter drew animals, and was taken under the patronage dying of a prick of her finger," because her of the Duke of Cumberland. Can the REV. E. statue in Westminster Abbey "represents her as LEATON-BLENKINSOPP throw any light upon this holding down her finger, and pointing to a death's EDMUND A. H. LECHMERE. head at her feet." Another case which may come under the above heading is that of the figure of Sir John Rossington in the chancel of Yolgreave Church, Derbyshire. He lies (cross-legged) with his heart between his hands, and tradition reports that he one day chased a deer into the church and slew it there, whereon he fell down and expired, and his heart jumped into his hand, as a judgment, I suppose, against the sacrilege he committed. I forget the date, but think it was in the thirteenth century. I am also under the impression that a detailed account of this monument and tradition appeared in one of the numbers of the Reliquary. CHARLES DRURY.

CHARLES LAMB AS A RITUALIST (8th S. iii. 28). -PALAMEDES has certainly unearthed an odd passage from Lamb's essay On Some of the Old Actors'; yet it is very quaint and graceful, too, especially in its original setting. He says of Dodd:

"I think he was not altogether of that timber out of which Cathedral seats and sounding boards are bewed.

But if a glad heart-kind, and therefore glad-be any part of sanctity, then might the robe of Motley...... be accepted for a surplice-his white stole and albe."

Lamb does not actually say that Dodd wore a "white stole and albe." I cannot resist sending the familiar lines from The Jackdaw of Rheims about the

"EATING POOR JACK" (8th S. ii. 529).—To eat "poor John" was a not uncommon expression in earlier days, and probably Dr. Campbell was simply familiarizing the proper name of the dish. Salted and dried hake was, and perhaps is, called 'poor John" on some parts of the coast of Cornwall; and William Habington, the historian and poet (1605-1645), in his volume of poems, under the title of 'Castara,' exclaims, "Vaunt wretched herring and Poor John !"

66

Barnes Common

JNO. BLOUNdELLE-BURTON

"Poor Jack" seems obviously the same as "Poor John," a kind of dried coarse fish, a common article of diet, constantly referred to by the Elizabethan writers. Several quotations are given in Nares's 'Glossary." A. COLLINGWOOD LEE. Waltham Abbey.

AN OLD MULBERRY TREE (8th S. ii. 384, 412, 534). There is no "direct evidence that Shakespeare actually planted the mulberry that was known as his." There was a mulberry tree at the back of New Place, which house and garden was purchased by Shakespeare from the Underhill family in 1597. Mulberry trees were introduced and planted in England early in the seventeenth century. Shakespeare may have planted the tree which afterwards bore his name. In Wheler's 'History of Stratford-on-Avon,' published in 1806, there is on p. 136 the following and first-printed reference, and Wheler was a very careful chronicler:

"The celebrated mulberry tree planted by Shakespeare's hand, became first an object of his [Rev. Francis Gastrell's] dislike, because it subjected him to answer the frequent importunities of travellers, whose zeal might prompt them to visit it. In an evil hour the sacrilegious priest ordered the tree, then remarkably large, and at its full growth, to be cut down; which was no sooner done than it was cleft to pieces for fire-wood; this took place in 1756, to the great regret and vexation not only of the inhabitants, but of every admirer of our Bard. The greater part of it was soon after purchased by Mr. Thomas Sharp, of Stratford, who, well knowing what value the world had set upon it, turned it much to his advantage, by converting every fragment into small boxes, tooth-pick cases, tobacco-stoppers, and numerous other articles."

Wheler adds, in a note, that Sharp, in answer