245a.

Branta canadensis "var. hutchinsi" Coues. HUTCHINS' GOOSE. Less common than var. canadensis. Formerly more abundant than at present (Brewer, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II, Apr., 1877, 46).

246. Anas boschas Linn, *247. Anas obscura Gmel.

MALLARD. Rare in spring and fall. BLACK DUCK. Abundant winter resident and rare in summer; doubtless formerly regularly resident the whole year.

248. Dafila acuta Jenyns. PIN-TAIL DUCK. Rare winter visitant.

249. Chaulelasmus streperus Gray. GADWALL; GRAY DUCK. Rather rare spring and autumn visitant.

250. Mareca americana Steph. BALDPATE; AMERICAN WIDGEON. Spring and autumn visitant.

251. Querquedula discors Steph. BLUE-WINGED TEAL. Rather common spring and autumn migrant; formerly doubtless a summer resident.

252. Querquedula carolinensis Steph. GREEN-WINGED TEAL. Common spring and autumn migrant.

SHOVELLER.

253. Spatula clypeata Boie. Rare spring and autumn visitant. It was formerly, judging from its present breeding range in the interior, a frequent summer resident.

*254. Aix sponsa Boie. WOOD DUCK; SUMMER DUCK. Common summer resident.

255. Fuligula marila Steph. GREATER BLACKHEAD; SCAUP DUCK. Not common spring and autumn visitant, some remaining in winter. 255a. Fuligula marila var. affinis Allen. LESSER BLACKHEAD. Not common in spring and fall.

256. Fuligula collaris Bon. RING-NECKED DUCK. Rare spring

and autumn migrant.

ARD.

257. Fuligula ferina var. americana Coues. REDHEAD; POCHRare spring and autumn migrant. 258. Fuligula vallisneria Steph. spring and autumn visitant.

CANVASS-BACK.

Very rare

259. Bucephala clangula Gray. GOLDEN-EYED DUCK; WHISCommon winter resident.

TLER.

260. Bucephala islandica Baird.

BARROW'S GOLDEN-EYE.

Rare winter visitant. Only recently added to the fauna of the state on record of its actual capture (Brewster, Am. Nat., VI, May, 1872,

306).

261. Bucephala albeola Baird. BUFFLE-HEAD; BUTTER-BALL. Common winter visitant.

262. Harelda glacialis Leach. LONG-TAILED DUCK; OLD WIFE; OLD SQUAW. Common winter visitant.

263. Histrionicus torquatus Bon. HARLEQUIN DUCK. Rare

*234. Rallus virginianus Linn. VIRGINIA RAIL. mer resident.

Common sum

*235. Porzana carolina Vieill. CAROLINA RAIL; SORA. Common summer resident.

*236. Porzana noveboracensis Cass. YELLOW RAIL. Very rare summer visitant.

237. Porzana jamaicensis Cass. BLACK RAIL. Very rare, perhaps accidental, summer visitant. One instance only of its capture in Massachusetts recorded (Clark's Isl., Plymouth Harbor, Aug., 1869, Purdie, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II, Jan., 1877, 22). As yet only two records of its capture in Connecticut (see Merriam, Rev. Birds Conn.,

1877, 119).

*238. Gallinula galeata Bon. FLORIDA GALLINULE. Rare summer visitant, doubtless occasionally breeding (see Allen, Am. Nat., III, Feb., 1870, 639). Given by Merriam as a "rather common summer resident" of Connecticut (Rev. Birds Conn., 19).

239. Porphyrio martinica Temm. PURPLE GALLINULE. Accidental. A recent record of its occurrence is Rockport, Apr. 12, 1875 (Whitman, Am. Nat., IX, Oct., 1875, 674). More easterly recent records are Calais, Me., Boardman, Am. Nat., III, 498; Halifax, January 30, 1870, Jones, Am. Nat., IV, 253).

*240. Fulica americana Gmel. Coor. Rare summer resident; more numerous in fall and spring.

241. Cygnus americanus Sharpl. WHISTLING SWAN. Given by Dr. Brewer as "rare, migratory," in Massachusetts (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XVII, 1875, 447), but I can point to no recent record of its actual capture. In early times (first half of the seventeenth century and later) this species (and probably also the Trumpeter Swan, C. buccinator) was common (see Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, I, Sept., 1876, 58). According to Mr. Merriam, swans presumed to be C. americanus have recently been taken in Connecticut (Rev. Birds Conn., 1877, 120). 242. Anser hyperboreus Pull. SNOW GOOSE. Rare winter

visitant.

243. Anser albifrons var. gambeli Coues.

WHITE FRONTED

Goose. Rare spring and fall migrant. Some years since I found specimens in the Boston markets I had reason to believe were killed in the state. Dr. Brewer says it was more common thirty and forty years ago than now, as was the case with many of our other ducks and geese (Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II, Apr., 1877, 46).

244. Branta bernicla Scop. BRANT GOOSE; BLACK BRANT. Not uncommon spring and autumn migrant.

244a. Branta bernicla “var. nigricans" Coues. With the pre

ceding.

245. Branta canadensis Gray. CANADA GOOSE. Common spring and autumn visitant; probably formerly a summer resident.

*217. Actiturus bartramius Bon. UPLAND PLOVER. Common summer resident.

218. Tryngites rufescens Cab.

BUFF-BREASTED SANDPIPER.

Rather uncommon spring and autumn visitant.

219. Numenius longirostris Wils. LONG-BILLED CURLEW. A not very common spring and autumn visitant.

220. Numenius hudsonicus Lath. HUDSONIAN CURLEW. Rare spring and fall migrant.

221. Numenius borealis Lath. ESQUIMAUX CURLEW. Rather common spring and autumn migrant.

222. Falcinellus igneus Gray. (Ibis ordi auct.) GLOSSY IBIS. Accidental. Several records of its occurrence, but only one recent (Nantucket, Sept., 1869, Allen, Am. Nat., III, Feb., 1870, C37). *223. Ardea herodias Linn. GREAT BLUE HERON. mon summer resident.

A not com

224. Ardea egretta Gm. GREAT WHITE EGRET. Accidental. Several comparatively recent instances of its capture have been recorded. (Hudson, Ashland, and Lynn, Allen, Am. Nat., III, Feb., 1870, C37; Westford, 1873, Purdie, Am. Nat., VII, 693.)

225. Ardea candidissima Jacq. LITTLE WHITE EGRET. Acci'dental. There are fewer recorded instances of the occurrence of this species than the preceding, and none recent.

226. Ardea cærulea Linn. LITTLE BLUE HERON. Accidental. No recent record of its occurrence.

*227. Ardea virescens Linn. GREEN HERON. Common summer resident.

*228. Nyctiardea grisea var. nævia Allen.

NIGHT HERON. Common summer resident. Stragglers have been observed at Cambridge in winter.

229. Nyctiardea violacea Swain.

YELLOW-CROWNED NIGHT

HERON. Accidental. One record (Lynn, Oct., 1862, Allen, Am. Nat., III, Feb., 1870, 637).

*230. Botaurus minor Bon. BITTERN. Common summer resident.

*231. Ardetta exilis Gray. LEAST BITTERN. Not generally common, but rather frequent at some localities.

232. Rallus longirostris Bodd. MARSH HEN. Accidental.

CLAPPER RAIL; SALT-WATER One instance (Boston Harbor, May 4, 1875, Purdie, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II, Jan., 1877, 22). Has been repeatedly taken in Connecticut (Merriam, Rev. Birds Conn., 1877, 115).

233. Rallus elegans Aud. KING RAIL; FRESH-WATER HEN. ACcidental. One instance (Nahant, Nov. 21, 1875, Purdie, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II, Jan., 1877, 22). A rare summer resident in Southern

200. Tringa minutilla Vieill. LEAST SANDPIPER. during its migrations.

Abundant

Accidental.

Taken by Mr. H. W. Henshaw on Long Island, Boston Harbor, Aug. 27, 1870 (Brewster, Am. Nat., VI, May, 1872, 306).

202. Tringa fuscicollis Vieill. (T. bonapartei et schinzi auct.) WHITE-RUMPED SANDPIPER. Common spring and fall migrant.

203. Tringa maculata Vieill. PECTORAL SANDPIPER. Common

during its migrations.

204. Tringa maritima Brünn.

PURPLE SANDPIPER.

Rather

rare spring and autumn visitant; a few sometimes remain in winter. 205. Tringa alpina var. americana Cass. AMERICAN DUNLIN. Abundant spring and autumn visitant; a few sometimes remain in

summer.

Rare

or

206. Tringa subarquata Guld. CURLEW SANDPIPER. accidental in spring and fall. According to Dr. Brewer, there was no authenticated instance of its occurrence in New England on record prior to 1875, when he announced the capture of a specimen "recently taken" in Ipswich (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XVII, Nov., 1875, 446). Mr. E. A. Samuels, however, refers to its having been shot on Cape Ann in 1865 (Orn. and Oöl. New Eng., 1868, 447). Mr. Brewster has since recorded its capture in East Boston, early in May, 1866

(Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, July, 1876, 51).

207. Tringa canutus Linn. KNOT; RED-BREASTED Sandpiper. Common spring and autumn visitant.

208. Calidris arenaria Ill. SANDERLING.

Abundant spring

and autumn migrant; stragglers sometimes remain in summer.

209. Limosa fedoa Ord. GREAT MARBLED GODWIT. Rare spring and autumn visitant.

210. Limosa hudsonica Swainson. HUDSONIAN GODWIT. Rare during its migrations.

*211. Totanus semipalmatus Gmel.

resident, sometimes breeding.

212. Totanus melanoleucus Gmel. GREATER TELLTALE.

few linger in summer.

WILLET.

Rare summer

GREATER Yellow-legs;

Common spring and autumn migrant, and a

213. Totanus flavipes Gmel. LESSER YELLOW-LEGS. Common spring and autumn visitant; rare in summer.

214. Totanus solitarius Wils. SOLITARY SANDPIPER. Common in spring and fall; stragglers sometimes remain in summer.

*215. Tringoides macularius Gray. SPOTTED SANDPIPER. Common summer resident.

216. Philomachus pugnax Gray. RUFF. Accidental. The only record of its occurrence appears to be "Newburyport marshes, May

*182. Bonasa umbellus Steph. RUFFED GROUSE; "PARTRIDGE." Common resident.

*183. Ortyx virginianus Bon. QUAIL; BOB-WHITE. More or less common resident in most parts of the state.

184. Squartarola helvetica Cuv.

BLACK-BELLIED PLOVER.

Generally more or less common during the spring and fall.

185. Charadrius virginicus Borck. GOLDEN PLOVER. Common spring and autumn migrant."

*186. Ægialites vocifera Cass. KILLDEER PLOVER. A not common summer resident.

187. Ægialites semipalmata Cab.

SEMIPALMATED PLOVER;

"RING-NECK." Abundant spring and autumn visitant.

*188. Ægialites meloda Cab. PIPING PLOVER; "RING-NECK." Common summer resident along the coast.

189. Hæmatopus palliatus Temm.

dental in summer.

OYSTER-CATCHER.

Acci

Rather common

190. Strepsilas interpres Ill. TURNSTONE. spring and autumn visitant.

191. Himantopus nigricollis Vieill. BLACK-NECKED STILT. Accidental. Mr. Maynard gives it, on the authority of "gunners and others," as "occasionally seen along the sandy beaches" (Nat. Guide, 1870, 143). Mr. Boardman saw, some years since, two specimens in a Boston market, which he was assured were taken in this state (Allen, Am. Nat., III, Feb., 1870, 638).

192. Steganopus wilsoni Coues. WILSON'S PHALAROPE. Accidental.

No recent record of its capture.

193. Lobipes hyperboreus Cuv. Northern Phalarope. Known only as a rare spring and autumn migrant.

194. Phalaropus fulicarius Bon. RED PHALAROPE. Not common spring and autumn migrant.

*195. Philohela minor Gray. AMERICAN WOODCOCK. Common summer resident.

*196. Gallinago wilsoni Bon. WILSON'S SNIPE. Common during migrations and a rather rare summer resident. A few pass the winter at favorable localities.

197. Macrorhamphus griseus Leach. (M. griseus et scolopaceus auct.) RED-BREASTED SNIPE. Rather common spring and autumn migrant.

198. Micropalama himantopus Baird. STILT SANDPIPER. Rare, occurring chiefly during the autumnal migration. Several recent instances of its capture within the state.

199. Ereunetes pusillus Cass.

SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPER.

Abundant during its migrations; a few sometimes met with in sum