The stature and general appearance are those of a Limnophila. Antenna, when beut backward, nearly reach the root of the wings; the joints of the scapus have the usual structure; the flagellum is not perceptibly stouter at the base than at the end; the joints have that subcylindrical shape, attenuated at the point of insertion and verticil-bearing about the middle, which is quite common among the Limnophilina; they gradually decrease in length toward the end and become more oval; verticils short; front moderately broad. Vertex but moderately

convex.

The legs are long and slender, with an almost imperceptible pubescence; the spurs at the end of the tibiæ are very distinctly seen under a magnifying power of 100 to 150. The ungues and empodia are exceedingly small.

The wings are of a moderate length and breadth; the venation has been partly described above; the stigma is well defined, oval, placed at the end of the first vein. The præfurca has very little curvature at the base, and is not much longer than the petiole of the fork of the second vein; the second submarginal and first posterior cells are of equal length, their bases being nearly on the same line; the sides of the first posterior are almost parallel; the structure of the discal cell shows that it is formed by the forking of the posterior branch of the fourth vein, connected by a cross-vein with the anterior branch; the great cross-vein is at the bifurcation of that posterior branch, and thus a little beyond the middle of the discal cell.

The genitals of the male are very large and club-shaped, resembling those of a Tipula more than those of a Limnophila. The following is the description of the forceps of P. pallida, as I do not possess the male of the other species :—

The last upper abdominal half-segment is uncommonly large and convex; two large basal pieces of the usual shape, bearing a small, curved, pointed rostriform appendage at the end, and some branched and hairy inner appendages; on the under side of the forceps, and entirely detached from it, is a very characteristic yellowish-white elongated foliaceous appendage, folded lengthwise and bifid at the tip.

The female has the last abdominal segment likewise distinctly swollen, especially when seen from the side.

Stigma pale brownish; antennæ uniformly black

Stigma dark brown; two basal joints of the antennæ pale brownish; the rest black

claviger.

encausta.

PHYLLOLABIS CLAVIGER n. sp.-Head gray, with a shade of brownish on the front; antennæ and palpi black. Thorax gray, with three illdefined brownish stripes, the intermediate subgeminate; halteres yellowish-white; knob sometimes faintly infuscated. Abdomen grayishbrown; male forceps brown; foliaceous appendages yellowish-white. Legs brown; coxæ and base of femora brownish-yellow. Wings gray

ish-byaline; stigma oblong, pale brownish-gray; subcostal cross-vein a little distance back of the tip of the auxiliary vein.

Hab.-Crafton's Retreat, near San Bernardino, Cal., in March. Three males and six females.

The ovipositor of the female has nearly straight, ferruginous valves, smooth on the under side. Length 6-7mm.

PHYLLOLABIS ENCAUSTA n. sp.--Head gray; antennæ brown, two basal joints yellowish; palpi brown. Thorax gray, the dorsum with a brownish-yellow tinge; knob of halteres infuscated. Abdomen brownish-black; in the female, the two last segments are remarkably turgid above and below; upper valves of the ovipositor short, curved, distinctly serrate on the under side. Legs brownish-yellow, tarsi darker toward the end. Wings subhyaline; veins brown, except at base and near the costa, where they are pale yellow; subcostal cross-vein close by the tip of the auxiliary vein. Length 6-7mm.

Hab.-Lagunitas Creek, Marin County, California, April 15–20; San Mateo, Cal., April 9. Four females.

TRICHOCERA TRICHOPTERA n. sp.-Antennæ brown, second joint slightly paler; thorax dull grayish-pollinose, without any distinct stripes; halteres with a brown knob; abdomen brown above, yellowish below; wings subhyaline, immaculate; veins very distinctly pubescent; venation in the main like Monogr., iv, tab. ii, f. 13, but the discal cell smaller; posterior cells 2-4 longer; the cross-vein at the proximal end of the fourth posterior cell is placed obliquely, and thus does not correspond with its posterior end with the great cross-vein (this may, however, be merely adventitious). Feet pale yellowish. Length 3-4mm

Hab.-Lagunitas Creek, Marin County, California, April 15. One

female.

This is the only specimen of the genus Trichocera which I came across in California. The species will be easily distinguished by its distinctly pubescent wing-veins.

Section V.-Anisomerina.

ERIOCERA CALIFORNICA n. sp.-Male.-Antennæ more than twice as long as the body; basal joints reddish; flagellum reddish-brown, beset on its under side with two rows of small spine-like bristles; head reddish above; palpi brown; thorax brownish, with a grayish pollen, especially on the pleura; three brown stripes on the dorsum, the intermediate one geminate; a faint brownish stripe on the pleura; halteres with a brownish knob; abdomen brown, lateral edges yellowish; genitals reddish; legs reddish; tips of femora and of tarsi brown; wings with a strong brownish-yellow tinge, more saturate in the costal cell; five posterior cells. Length about 15mm.

Hab.-Marin County, California (H. Edwards). Two males.

Belongs to my subgenus Arrhenica (Monogr., iv, p. 252), and is closely allied to my E. spinosa from New England.

In my Monograph, I omitted to mention that Megistocera chilensis Philippi from Chili is very probably not a Megistocera at all, but an Eriocera with long antennæ. This is the only South American species with long antennæ which I know of as yet, and the circumstance that it belongs to Chili is in keeping with certain other analogies already noticed between the Chilian and the Californian fauna.

ERIOCERA BRACHYCERA n. sp., ♂ 9.—Antennæ short in both sexes; five posterior cells; thorax brownish-yellow, with four brown stripes; abdomen brown. Length, male, 14mm; female, with ovipositor, 22mm, Antennæ of the male about as long as head and thorax together; basal joints reddish, the remainder brown; the first joint of the flagellum is the longest; the three following but little shorter; the end of the last has the appearance of bearing a seventh minute joint; antennæ of the female shorter than those of the male; the first joint of the flagellum is the longest; the following joints gradually decrease in length and become indistinct; frontal tubercle brownish above, yellowish in front; it bears a tuft of blackish hair. Thorax brownish-yellow, sometimes more grayish above, with four brown stripes; pleura brown, with a hoary bloom, which extends over the coxæ. Abdomen brown, but little hairy; valves of the ovipositor but very little curved, long and narrow, ending in a blunt point; halteres reddish, with a brown knob; legs brown; base of femora reddish. Wings strongly tinged with brown; stigma brown, oval; five posterior cells, the second on a long petiole.

Hab.-White Mountains (H. K. Morrison). Two males and a female. I find now that what I described in the Monogr., iv, p. 253, as the female of Eriocera spinosa is the female of the present species.

Section VI.-Amalopina.

AMALOPIS CALCAR Osten Sacken, Monogr., iv, p. 268.—A single male, from Webber Lake, Sierra County, July 25, does not show any perceptible difference from the eastern specimens, except that it is somewhat paler in coloring; the male forceps is yellowish and not brownish; the venation is exactly like tab. ii, f. 14, except that both the second submarginal and second posterior cells are petiolate and not subsessile (the same is the case with most specimens of A. calcar; the one whose wing is figured happened to be somewhat abnormal).

AMALOPIS n. sp.-One female specimen from Crafton, near San Bernardino, Cal., in March. Body brownish; wing immaculate; venation like 1. c., tab. ii, f. 14, except that the præfurca is a little shorter, the second posterior cell petiolate. I do not name it, as I have only a single damaged specimen.

PEDICIA OBTUSA n. sp.-I have seen a single specimen of this species in Mr. Henry Edwards's collection in San Francisco. It was taken near Saucelito, Marin County, Cal., in the spring. Not having the specimen

before me, I cannot give a detailed description; but the following statement, prepared from some data kindly furnished by Mr. Edwards in a letter, will render the species recognizable.

It is very much like both P. rivosa and albivitta, but differs in the abdomen being unicolorous, brown above, without the brown dorsal stripe (consisting of a series of triangles in P. albivitta, more continuous in P. rivosa) and the whitish lateral borders. The brown design of the wings is nearly the same, but the brown is not continued toward the margin, along the last section of the fifth vein; it thus forms an angular stripe along the central cross-veins and the anterior section of the fifth vein; the hyaline space inclosed between this stripe and the brown anterior border is smaller and more curved than in P. albivitta.

The interruption of the brown stripe along the fifth vein, before reaching the margin, occasionally takes place in both P. rivosa and albivitta ; at least, I consider P. contermina Walker, which shows this peculiarity, as a mere variety of P. albivitta.

RHAPHIDOLABIS spec.-A single specimen from Crafton, San Bernardino, Cal., has the wings exactly like Monogr., iv, tab. ii, f. 17. The thorax having become greasy, I am not able to ascertain whether it is R. tenuipes or not.

List of TIPULIDÆ BREVIPALPI from Colorado.

Dicranomyia longipennis.—Europe; Atlantic States; Denver, Colo. (Uhler).

Limnobia indigena.-Atlantic States and Colorado (Kelso's Cabin, foot of Gray's Peak, at 11,000 to 12,000 feet altitude, July 6, A. S. Packard). Empeda n. sp.-Georgetown, Colo., July 8 (A. S. Packard). Erioptera caloptera.-Atlantic States and Colorado.

Symplecta punctipennis.-Europe and North America; also in Chili. (Boulder City, Colo., June 29, A. S. Packard; Denver, P. R. Uhler.) Amalopis n. sp.-Idaho, Boulder, Georgetown, Colo., June, July (A. S. Packard). Very like the undescribed species from Southern California, mentioned above; perhaps identical.

Of Section VII, Cylindrotomina, no species has been discovered in California yet, nor in any part of the Western Territories.

Section VIII.-Ptychopterina.

PTYCHOPTERA LENIS n. sp.-Male and female.-Antennæ black, except the first joint, which is red; base of palpi also reddish; hypostoma reddish, in some specimens darker; front black, shining. Thorax black, subopaque; pleuræ silvery-pruinose; scutellum reddish. Abdomen black, shining; male genitals dark brown; ovipositor reddish. Legs reddish, including coxæ, which are more or less black at the root, and have a more or less distinct black streak about the middle; hind coxæ black, except the tip; femora brown at tip; tibiæ brownish, darker at

tip; tarsi brown, except the base, which is paler. Halteres brownish. Wings with a distinct pale brown tinge, somewhat yellowish along the costa; nearly obsolete clouds, visible with the magnifying-glass only, on the central cross-veins and on the bifurcation of the third vein; venation like P. rufocincta. Length, 11-12mm.

Hab.-Yosemite Valley, Cal., June 5; Georgetown, Colo. (8,500 feet altitude), August 12. A male and two females. Seems to resemble the European P. scutellaris.

P. metallica Walker from Albany River, Hudson's Bay, may be this species; but Walker states that the venation differs from that of the other Ptychoptera, although it does not appear from his explanation in what the difference consists.

BITTACOMORPHA CLAVIPES (Fabr.).-A specimen from Oregon in Mr. H. Edwards's collection in San Francisco; other specimens were collected in Clear Creek Cañon, Colorado, by Mr. J. D. Putnam, of Davenport, Iowa; near Boulder City, Colorado, by A. S. Packard, June 29.*

Genus PROTOPLASTA.

In my Monograph of the North American Tipulida (Monographs of North American Diptera, vol. iv, p. 309), I established two groups of the section Ptychopterina, the second of which contains three remarkable and closely allied genera,-Protoplasa (better Protoplasta), from the East ern United States; Tanyderus, from Chili; and Macrochile, a fossil form found in the Prussian amber; all of which with but a single species. These three genera and species differ from the Ptychopterina of the first group (Ptychoptera and Bittacomorpha) in the following characters :-A subcostal cross-vein is present; the second submarginal cell is much longer than the first; the number of posterior cells is raised to six, in consequence of the presence of a supernumerary longitudinal vein in the first posterior cell; collare large.

I have discovered a fourth species in California, which possesses the general characters of the Ptychopterina, as well as the particular characters of this second group. The characters enumerated below are merely those in which P. vipio differs from the generic characters of Protoplasta as given l. c., p. 316. In judging of their importance, it must be borne in mind that the original specimens of P. fitchi, at the time when I described them, were old specimens, while I made the description of my new species before the specimen had dried. Some of the minor differences may be due to this circumstance.

Eyes finely pubescent; proboscis together with its large fleshy lips a little longer than the head; antennæ 15-jointed, first joint but little longer than the second; joints of the flagellum elongated, very slightly incrassated on their anterior half, with verticils on the incrassa

* I discover a slip of the pen in my description of this species: Monographs, iv, p. 316, line 2 from top, for brown, read white.