XII. GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS AND OFFICES.

Wages paid per month to employés in Government departments and offices in the province of Cadiz, Spain.

NOTE. The director here has supervision of the telegraphic district of Cadiz, comprising the province of same name. Only one rate of pay obtains in each class of employés. Cadiz is a first-class station, meaning thereby one where the office is open at all times. Operators work by day or by night indif ferently, eight hours work per diem being required in either case; besides their pay, they are allowed 0.01 peso (1 centime) for each telegram transmitted. Messengers receive 0.05 peso (5 centimes) for each telegram delivered by them. All telegraph employés are allowed double pay when sent to other stations on special service.

Chief of station1.
Operators:

First class.
Second class.

Messengers

PORT ST. MARY'S TELEGRAPH OFFICE.

Occupations.

1This official also acts as postmaster.

Port St. Mary's is a second-class station, open during the summer from 7 a. m. to 9 p. m., and during the winter from 8 a. m. to 9 p. m.

Medina-Sidonia is a third-class station, open on week days from 9 a. m. to 12 p. m., and from 2 a. m. to 7 p. m.; on Sundays, from 9 a. m. to 12 m.

Annual salaries paid to employés in the Spanish custom-houses.

Wages paid per day to the trades and laborers in de la Carraca, near San Fernando, Spain.

NOTE.-The figures here given apply to the whole of Spain. In addition to the seven hours per day during which the custom houses are open to the public for business, the officers and clerks have usually from one to two hours per day extra work after the official closing hour.

XIII. TRADES AND LABOR-GOVERNMENT EMPLOY.

NOTE.-Average wages for each class could not be obtained; the average for the entire personnel of the arsenal is 43.69 cents per day.

During the winter eight hours constitute a day's work; during the summer ten and one-half hours.

XIV.

Retail prices of necessarics in use amongst the working classes in the city of Cadiz.

NOTE.-The pound here used is the Spanish pound, equal to 460 grams, therefore somewhat heavier than the avoirdupois pound, which is equal to 453.56 grams.

In order to avoid troublesome fractions, prices are given in pesetas and centimes.

XV.

Prices paid for dwelling accommodations by the working and employé classes in Cadiz.

Single room..

Tenement, consisting of kitchen, dining-room, sitting-room, and bedroom (usually the one entire floor).

Tenement, consisting of kitchen, dining-100m, sitting-room, and from three to five bed-roomis

The laborers and the vast majority of the artisan class live in such premises as here described. The premises here described are inhabited by clerks, small tradesmen, Government employés, and the middle classes generally.

CATALONIA.

REPORT BY CONSUL SCHEUCH, OF BARCELONA.

The former princedom of Catalonia is situated at the northeastern extremity of the Spanish peninsula between 40° 40′ and 42° 45′ latitude north, and 1 and 7° longitude east of the meridian of Madrid; is confined north by the Pyrenees, at the east by the Mediterranean, at the south by the former kingdoms of Valencia and Aragon. The Cataloniau ter

ritory measures 32,328.30 square kilometers, contains 1,088 privileged cities, and is inhabited by 1,749,710 people.*

The princedom, which formerly formed but one territory, is now divided into four provinces, viz, Barcelona, Tarragona, Gerona, and Lerida, the former three "littoral," the last one "interior."

PROVINCE OF BARCELONA.

The province of Barcelona is situated in the center of the mentioned. "littoral," and is the most populated province of Spain. It measures 7,731.40 square kilometers, and has 327 privileged cities, and a population of 835,306 persons. To the activity of its inhabitants it is in agriculture, industry, manufactures, and maritime the wealthiest of the Spanish provinces. It is traversed by the rivers Llobregat and Cardoner. The port of Barcelona is the foremost of Spain, and one of the most important in the whole Mediterranean. Only by noticing the character, one by one, of the 17 judicial districts forming the province, the variety of its industry and agriculture can be judged.

City and port of Barcelona (five judicial parts).-Inhabitants, 350,000, with several other cities neighboring from 10,000 inhabitants and over. This district is principally mercantile and industrial; has large and valuable manufactories of cotton, woolen, silk, hemp, flax, and jute goods; also, chemical products, hats, glassware, liquors, tallow, flour, and leather, and several very extensive machine shops and foundries, employing several thousand hands, besides large printing and lithographing estab lishments and sundry others too numerous to mention. Most of its products of all kinds are sold to and used by the other provinces of Spain, and exported to its colonies and the South American States.

Mataro.--Agricultural, industrial, and maritime. Most important city Mataro, 17,405 inhabitants; Masnou, 4,228; San Giness de Vilasar, 3,104. Agricultural products wine, oranges, rye, corn, and garden stuff; on the coast abundant fish. Industries: White goods, embroidering and making the celebrated Catalonia (Spanish) laces, white and black, of silk or linen. Three-fourths of all the women and girls are employed in the latter industry; all laces made by hand.

Arenys de Mar.-Agricultural, industrial, and maritime. Most important towns, Arenys, 5,000 inhabitants; Callela, 3,500; Malgrat, 3,490; Canet, 3,297. Besides the same industries and agricultural products mentioned in the former district of Mataro, this district produces a good quantity of cork wood.

Granollers.-Agricultural and industrial. Principal cities: Granollers, 5,740 inhabitants; Caldas, 3,692; San Felin, 2,840. Products: Wine, rye, flax, potatoes, and vegetables. Industries: Cotton and woolen underwear and stockings of ordinary and coarse quality, for home consumption.

Sabadell.-Agricultural and industrial. Cities: Sabadell, 18,121 inhabitants; Castellar, 2,975. Products: Wine in abundance, grain, and garden stuff. Industries: Principally woolen cloth of fine quality and calico (printed).

Tarrasa.-Agricultural and industrial. Cities: Tarrasa, 11,190 inhabitants; Rubi, 3,836; San Pedro, 3,014; Olessa, 2,757. Agricultural products: Olive oil and wine in great quantities, grain, and garden stuff; pine forests. Industries: the foremost manufacturing place in

*The dates of these memorandums relating to the population are taken from the last official census, 1877.

Wages paid by the Rio Tinto Company, at their mines, shops, &c.-Continued.

NOTE.-Most of these men work on the following plan: A fair day's work is estimated at so many wagon-loads, and the day's wages fixed accordingly; when that task is done the men may either go home or earn overtime.

A large part of all mining work is done by contract; a stipulated price is paid per ton of mineral extracted and placed on the wagons, or, in the case of driving galleries, so much is paid per lineal meter. The men organize in groups of from 6 to 100 men; one of them takes the contract, lodging a deposit at the company's office, which is returned upon the satisfactory completion of the contract. Should the men throw up the contract the deposit is forfeited, but this happens most rarely. It will readily appear that wages earned under such a system must be subject to extreme fluctuations; with a good contract the men may make very high wages, and again they may encounter such adverse conditions as actually to lose money; explosives and keeping the tools in order are at the miners' charge, and in very disastrous ventures these items may swallow up the wages earned. The superintendent gives it as his opinion that the average earnings of men doing such contract work is probably about 30 reals ($1.4475) per day. He adds that the men work very hard, usually not stopping for regular meals, but taking their food as they can.

The English staff of this company consists of mining engineers, metallurgists, chemists, chiefs of departments, and others, including in, fact, all positions of trust and responsibility. Salaries paid to members of this staff could not be obtained.

VI. RAILWAY EMPLOYÉS.

Wages paid per week to railway employés in Western Andalusia.

For

NOTE-Where only one rate of pay obtains, such rate is put in the column of average wages. all employés marked by an asterisk (*) the original figures obtained were annual pay," which has been here reduced to weekly. For all employés not thus marked the original figures given were "daily pay," which has been here raised to weekly.