At a lord lieutenant's banquet a grace was given of unusual length. "My lord," said the archbishop, "did you ever hear the story of Lord Mulgrave's chaplain?" "No," said the lord lieutenant. "A young chaplain had preached a sermon of great length. Sir,' said Lord Mulgrave, bowing to him, there were some things in your sermon of to-day I never heard before. O, my lord,' said the flattered chaplain, 'it is a common text, and I could not have hoped to have said anything new on the subject.'I heard the clock strike twice,' said Lord Mulgrave."

.

I. 1. Princess Margaret; 2. James V. King of Scotland; 3. Mary, Queen of Scots; 4. James I. King of England; 5. Princess Elizabeth of England; 6. Princess Sophia of Bohemia; 7. George I. King of England; 8. George II. King of England; 9. Frederick Lewis, Prince of Wales; 10. George III. King of England; 11. Edward, Duke of Kent; 12. Queen Victoria; 13. Albert-Edward, Prince of Wales.

II. 1. Princess Margaret; 2. Lady Margaret Douglas; 3. Henry Earl of Darnley; 4. James I. King of England; 5. Princess Elizabeth of England; 6. Princess Sophia of Bohemia; 7. George I. King of England; 8. George II. King of England; 9. Frederick Lewis, Prince of Wales; 10. George III. King of England; 11. Edward, Duke of Kent; 12. Queen Victoria; 13. AlbertEdward, Prince of Wales.

Maternal Descents.

III. 1 to 8, as Descent I.; 9. Princess Mary of England; 10. Charles, Landgrave of Hesse

AN OLD LONDON RUBBISH HEAP.

Having determined to build a bridge over the Thames, the first thing to do is to sink shafts for the foundations of the piers; and a nice long work it is, for the deeper you get, the more you can't get any foundation at all. Even as far back as Thames Street this is the case-very unsatisfactory to contractors! but the old rule holds good here as elsewhere the ill wind to the bridgemakers is all in favour of the antiquaries. For why is all this land on the Thames bank up to Thames Street so rotten and unstable ? Simply because it is a vast rubbish heap. At the top we have the debris of former buildings, the ruins of the Great Fire. Let us watch awhile the navvies as they pick away and cart off the rubbish; first a few coins of later reigns, old broken pots and crockery of all sorts, not unlike the roughest of the present day. Here some ancient weights remind you, that once upon a time here stood the old Steelyard. What are those black bits of leather the men are shaking and knocking the dirt off? Look closely at one, and you will see it once covered the dainty foot of some fair city damsel. How prettily her little red stocking must have peeped through the curiously cut open-work in front, mighty pretty to look at, but not over warm one would think. Here is a shoe of the reign of Queen Bess, with its long heel, and pointed toe; not thrown away before a huge hole had been worn in the sole. How any feet could have been tortured into the boots belonging to those soles, not unlike hour-glasses in shape, one can hardly imagine. Close to these more pottery, broken, but still in other respect the same as when it was thrown away; jugs of common unglazed stoneware, ornamented round the bottom with the great thumbs of the potters. Here and there a bit of better quality of the same shape, but heavily glazed.

Here a good bit of fine glazed black ware- surely perfect; no, its handle has gone. Next comes a glorious old Bellarmine jug, with the three lions of England on either side. The pick has unfortunately made a small hole in one side, but no great consequence, for, on nearer observation, you you see it is like the rest, thrown away because cracked.

Dig a little further, and up turn relics of knightly deeds mixed with the thrown-away tools of the craftsman spurs without rowels; some with long spikes instead; some with rowels an inch and a half in diameter, having a terribly fierce look. How did the horses fare, you wonder. Up turns a great horseshoe; and you remember that the beasts in question were the great Flemish fellows, and you hope they had thicker skins than our more graceful and beautiful favourites. Those horseshoes are worth looking at. See how forward the nails are put: surely better than we do. Again, they are evidently cut with a sharp instrument out of a thick sheet of metal, probably when cold; a fact which would account for their being as good as new. What are those queer looking bits of pipe-clay, with the names of the makers stamped on the edges? Are they tobaccostoppers? Let us try. Here are a lot of old pipes, but what tiny bowls. It will not do, the things will not go into them at all; and still there are so many, they must have been for some use. They served our ancestors for curl papers to keep their wigs in order. Just look at those pins some three inches long; some with leaden heads, no doubt considered highly ornamental. What a curious collection of old knives and forks, and how strangely time has affected them. This fork -see! might be polished again it is so nearly perfect, even the ivory handle with silver studs is undecayed, though discoloured. Its partner, the knife, is quite gone-nought but the shape reremains-handle all powder, and blade not much better.

Shall we never get down to terra firma? Surely we must now be over twenty feet below the surface, and how dark the soil is getting. It looks as if we were on the banks of a great river. And so you are; in a few feet more you will be on the old Roman river bank, and then the rubbish heap will be still more interesting than higher up. Even here, however, will be some familiar things not unlike those in use in the present day.

"Would you like to buy some of these things we've found," says a simple looking navvy? "Let us see what you have." "I've got the right stuff this time, guv'nor; but the man as has found 'em wants a tidy bit. Here is a big lead battle-axe; I see it took out of that there hole with my own eyes."

If you are a collector beware! That man, simple as he looks, can supply you with an un

limited store of false relics of all ages all found on the spot of course. If you are not a good judge of such things leave them alone altogether, or you will lose your money, and be well laughed at by friends and foes.

"It caligatus in agros." So it seems by those boot soles which have just been once more brought to light. Surely these must be the horrible military nailed boots so harassing to the corns of the civi lian; there is not a space without a great nail. Look here, too, on this one is a bit of Roman pottery sticking! Military boots!-no such thing; why they would only fit a lady; and here is a tiny one, just so armed, which must have belonged to quite a child. No doubt this hill side was then rough and muddy enough, and so they required stout under leathers. Why here is a sandal, beautifully cut out of one sheet of leather-no nails here. It was well worn, however, before the wearer cast it off; the holes in the bottom are still visible. Here one is struck by the enormous quantity of broken red pottery. How perfectly indestructible it is, but all broken; much had been mended and rivetted by the Romans themselves. Their drills must have been as good as ours, so perfect and smooth are the holes for the rivets. Here, too, we have A and B scratched on the surface to show how the bits fitted. Broken to fragments as it is, all the pottery and glass is well worth examination. Though not one perfect, or nearly perfect, bowl be found, from the fragments you may make a regular Roman pattern book, and very excellent patterns too; consisting of adaptations of all sorts of English and other plants beautifully conventionalized. Here and there are fine geometrical ornaments; but, above all, how excellent are the animals-lions fighting with boars, wolves, dogs, leopards, tigers just about to spring. On one bowl are many illustrations of the gladiator's labours; surely that man is fighting with a bull; here the secutor is pursuing the retiarius. There are wild beasts; one poor fellow is lying flat on his back, dead; the author of his death is missing. Mixed with this redware we have ladies' ornaments, some very odd; one bracelet is formed out of a bit of iron wire, and that is all; another is made of iron, bronze, and copper wire twisted together, showing how cheap ornaments were fashionable among the lower orders then as now. Among them must probably be classed those great bone skewers, of which I see so many lying about, if indeed some of them were not tools. Do you want to know what the Romans had for needles and pins? here you may satisfy your curiosity. Pins there are of bone and ivory; needles also of the same. Some of bronze very well made, but rather coarse, from an inch to six inches in length. See, too, there is a good and perfect gimlet; look at the ring on the top to put a cross piece of wood through

instead of over as with us. Those two long spikes are no doubt the tops of pila. Now turns up a meat hook, a small bell, and an iron fingerring; some soldier's perhaps. Here are a quantity of writing pens, with sharp points at one end to write with, and a flat edge at the other to erase with. To make us sure that the bank of the Thames in Roman times extended thus far, we now actually come upon their embankment; great piles driven in with transverse timbers all along the old water line. But now we must bid good bye to our rubbish heap, for down comes the concrete, and in a day or two the hole will be closed for ever! J. C. J.

A GENERAL LITERARY INDEX: INDEX OF

SUBJECTS.

ROGATION DAYS: OMITTED IN WATT'S "BIBLIOTHECA BRITANNICA."

"During three years (458-460) Auvergne and Dauphiné were convulsed by violent and continued volcanic eruptions. attended by earthquakes, shaking as it were the foundations of the earth. Thunders rolled through the subterraneous caverns; so awful were the concussions, the sounds, the fires, that the beasts of the forest, driven from their haunts, sought refuge in the abodes of mankind.

"An impending invasion of the Goths added to the terror of the threatenings of Nature. Instructed, and profiting by the example of the Ninevites, Mamertus, Bishop of Vienne, assembled his people in prayer and

humiliation. To avert the evil, he instituted the solemn Litanies, or Rogations on the three days preceding the Feast of the Ascension, because they were the only days of the year then actually set apart for the purpose of such solemn supplications. These forms of prayer, rendered more impressive by the awful character of the calamities and portents which had suggested them, corresponding so nearly with the signs and judgments of Scripture, were speedily adopted throughout Gaul and England. Here they were continued by usage and tradition, until finally established as a portion of the national ritual in the Council held at Cleofeshoe (A.D. 749), which appointed that three days should be kept holy, after the manner of former times; and it is hardly needful to observe, that the Rogation days retain their station in the Rubric of the Church of England at the present day. "A remarkable epistle of Sidonius Apollinaris, Bishop

of Clermont . . . addressed to Mamertus himself.

...

preserves a full notice of the earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Alcimus Avitus, the successor of Mamertus, carries on the chain of testimony. This prelate . . composed an ample series of Rogation Homilies; and in addressing his people, he recalls to their memory the events which a great portion of them must have witnessed, and exhorts them to gratitude for the deliverance they had received." [Homilia de Rogat. v. Grynæi Orthodoxographa, p. 1777; Sirmondi Opuscula, ii. 150-7; Ejusdem Opp., ii. 134-40; Bibliotheca Maxima, ix. 591-2; Sermo Feria tertia in Rogat. v. Martene Thesaurus, i. 47-56.]

66

Amongst the strange examples of the oblivion attending written evidence, not merely when lurking in archives or concealed in manuscripts, but when amply diffused by means of the printing-press, we may remark that this is perhaps the first time that Avitus has been quoted as elucidating either Sidonius, or Gregory of

Tours-the latter of whom also notices the events, though with more brevity.” . Quarterly Review, vol. lxxiv. 294, sqq.

This is a strange statement, inasmuch as in the edition of Sidonius by Sirmondus, referred to by this writer, as in that by Savaro, these two authors-Sidonius and Avitus-are illustrated by each other; and Sirmondus expressly remarks: "Cum hac autem epistola [lib. vii. ep. 1] comparanda est Alcimi Aviti Homilia de Rogationibus . . sunt enim ut argumento, sic tota narrationis The spiritual weapons with serie simillimæ." which the Arverni were instructed by Pope Mamertus succeeded, observes Sidonius, "si non effectu pari, affectu certe non impari

...

Doces denuntiatæ solitudinis minas orationum frequentia esse amoliendas: mones assiduitatem furentis incendii aqua potius oculorum quam fluminum posse restingui: mones minacem terræ motuum conflictationem fidei stabilitate firmandam." Cf. Baronii Annal. Eccl. ad A.c. 475; Beyerlinck, Theatrum Humanæ Vitæ, vi. 356.

"The title of Pope is given to Mamertus by the early writers, and perhaps the style of Pope was assumed by or given to the see of Vienne-so venerable for its antiquity."

The treatise, De Statu Animæ, inserted in Grynæi Orthodoxographa (pp. 1248-1306), and in Biblioth. Maxima, vi., is by a brother of the bishop. See Butler's Lives of the Saints, May 11.

66

Quid plura," writes Gregory of Tours, referring to the same terrors (Hist. Franc., lib. ii. s. 34; in Bouquet, Gallicarum R. S., ii. 553; Acta Sanctorum, Maii xi.) penetravit excelsa poli oratio Pontificis inclyti, restinxitque domus incendium flumen profluentium lacrymarum." Cf. Adonis Chronicon, ad annum 452 (in Bibl. Patr., 1618, ix.; Bibl. Maxima, xv. 796); “Binii Notas ad Hilari Papæ Epistolas," in Labbe, iv. 1047; and "Concil. Arelatense," ibid. p. 1040, sqq. ; Rupertus, lib. ix. c. 5. (In Hittorpii Suppl. de Divinis Officiis, i. 1028). Liturgia Gallicana, Mabillonii, p. 152. Baronius (ubi suprà, vi. 310,) dicta in Notationibus ad Romanum Martyrologium adds: "At de his (Rogationibus) consule a nobis (ad 25 Aprilis) locupletius." Other authorities are given in Ducange's Glossarium.

"We have two sermons of St. Mammertus, one on the Rogations, the other on the Repentance of the Ninevites, being the twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth among the discourses which bear the name of Eusebius of Emisa." [These are printed in Biblioth. Patr., 1618, tom. v. par. 1, pp. 568-9, sub nomine Eusebii Gallicani. By Hooker these Homilies are all ascribed to Salvianus, Book VI. iv. 6.] "For an account of the literary history of these Homilies, and of the various opinions which have been entertained regarding their origin, see Oudin, Comment. de Scriptor. Eccles., i. 390-426. He does not mention Salvian as one of the supposed authors, but after deciding against the claims of Eucherius and Hilary of Arles, acquiesces in that of Faustus Regiensis."-Keble.

BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM.

CONGREVE THE POET.-In a foot note to p. 213, vol. ii., Cunningham's edition of Johnson's Lives of the Poets, it is stated on the authority of Leigh Hunt, that Congreve's mother was Anne Fitzherbert, daughter of Sir Thomas Fitzherbert. This statement is erroneous. The mother of the poet was a Miss Browning; his grandmother was the Anne Fitzherbert spoken of. Congreve's father was Colonel William Congreve, who was the son of Richard Congreve, a cavalier named for the Order of the Royal Oak. Richard Congreve was descended from Richard Congreve, temp. Henry VI, whose ancestor was Galfrid de Congreve of Stretton and Congreve, temp. Edward II. He was descended from another Galfrid de Congreve and a daughter of the house of Drawbridgecourt of Hants, temp. Richard I. The family was settled at Congreve, in Staffordshire, long before the Conquest. The best portrait of Congreve is undoubtedly that by Sir Godfrey Kneller, now in the possession of the junior branch of the family.

H. C. A HEROINE. The following, which I have extracted from a New York paper, seems to me worthy of preservation:

"Mrs. Catherine Shepherd has just died at Hudson, New Jersey, upwards of 100 years of age. Her father was Jacob Van Winkle, a descendant of one of the origi

nal Dutch settlers there. Her husband was a soldier of the revolution. From a steeple at South Bergen she saw the British fleet take possession of New York, and the British army marching to Philadelphia. The British soldiers hung her father because he would not give them up his money, and after leaving him for dead, she cut him down, and restored him to life. She risked her life in carrying a message to the American commander at Belleville, to warn him of a night attack from the British forces, by which she saved the American troops from destruction."

PRIMULA: THE PRIMROSE.

T. B.

"Cur,' mea Phillis ait, 'de te mihi primula venit, Primula, flaventes rore gravata comas?' Scilicet ingenti permiscet gaudia curæ,

Atque inter medias spes quoque pallet amor."

I forget where I met with these lines, but suspect they are of Etonian origin. I do not think they have ever appeared in print.

Primula here undoubtedly means the primrose; but the London gardeners give to a different plant of the same species, which bears a crimson flower, the name of primula. See in the conservatory at the Pantheon, Oxford Street, Jan. 1864.

W. D.

CAMEL BORN IN ENGLAND. - On Thursday the 7th January last, a young camel was born at Hackney, during the stay of Wombwell's Menagerie there. As this is said to be the first instance of one being born in this country, it is worth noting. By-the-bye, what is the proper name for a young camel? Is it a calf? J. C. J.

SIR FRANCIS WALSINGHAM.-It may be worth while to record in " N. & Q." that Lodge in his memoir of this statesman gives him the title of K. G. But on reference to Beltz's History of the Order of the Garter, I do not find his name, nor does it appear in the Catalogue of these Knights contained in Sir Harris Nicolas's Synopsis of the Peerage. Sir Francis seems to have received very little recompense from Queen Elizabeth for his services. SHEM.

NEOLOGY.

of literary people, where the question was asked: A few days ago, I was at a party "What is neology?" The answer that was given, whatever might be its merits in other respects, appeared to me to have so much wit in it as to deserve being made a Note of.

took to solve the question-"Neology is the "Neology"-said the gentleman who undervisible horizon that bounds the out-look of the popular mind; and, as such, it recedes as the popular mind advances. In the time of Galileo, the revolution of the earth round its axis was neology. Half a century ago, neology was barely distinguishable from geology. In the present day, neology consists in the application—or, as some deem it, the misapplication-of learning and common sense to the records of revelation. Who can say what will be the horizon of the popular mind ten years hence ?" MELETES.

LYNCH LAW IN THE TWELFTH CENTURY. — I have lately stumbled upon the following in Harl. MS. 3875, fo. 288. The scribe, in a side-note, naively remarks that it is "a sharpe reckoning and in this most of the readers of "N. & Q." will I think agree:

"Testiculi presbiteri abscisi.. - Alexander archie'pus (Ebor') salutem, &c. Noverit universitas vra, quod accedens ad nostram p'sentiam Joh'es de Clapham, nobis exposuit, quod ipse olim quendam d'num Jo'hem Biset, capellanum, cum Johannâ filiâ Lodowici de Skirrouthe, uxore suâ, solum cum solâ in camerâ quâdam ostio clauso turpiter invenit, qui dolorem hujusmodi ferre non valens, testiculos prefati Presbyteri abscidit. Nos autem, auditis, et plenius intellectis factis antedictis cum circumstantiis, p'fatum Jo'hem de Clapham ab excessu hujusmodi absoljunximus salutarem. Dat' apud Cawoode, 20° DecembTM, vimus in formâ juris, et eidem pro p'missis penam in

1377."

Queries.

JOHN SLEIGH.

THOMAS JENNY, REBEL AND POET. Thomas Jenny, gent., was one of the persons attainted by Parliament in respect of the great northern rebellion in 1569.

From an abstract of his examination in Sir Cuthbert Sharp's Memorials (271, 272) it appears that he had been trained up under Sir Henry Norris and Thomas Randolph in the queen's service in France and Scotland.

Poem by Thomas Jenye, entitled "Maister Randolphe's Phantasy, a brief calculation of the proceedings in Scotland, from the first of July to the last of December." [This poem extends to about 800 lines, and is dedicated to Thomas Randolphe, in an epistle dated by the author "At his Chamber in Edinburgh," 31 July, 1565. It professes to give an account of the proceedings and troubles in Scotland, consequent on the marriage of the queen with Lord Darnley, and is supposed to be narrated by Thomas Randolphe."] (Thorpe's Cal. Scottish State Papers, 227.)

"A Discovrs of the present troobles in Fraunce, and miseries of this tyme, compyled by Peter Ronsard, gentilman of Vandome, and dedicated unto the Queene Mother. Translated by Thomas Jeney, gentilman. Antwerp, 4to, 1568. Dedicated to Sir Henry Norries, Knight, L. ambassadour resident in Fraunce." (Ritson's Bibl. Poetica, 257.)

Randolph, in a letter to Cecil, dated Berwick, May 26, 1566, alludes to an untrue accusation against him of writing a book against the Queen of Scots called Randolphes Phantasy, and Queen Elizabeth, by a letter dated Greenwich, June 13, in the same year, remonstrates with the Queen of Scots on her unjust treatment of Mr. Randolph in regard to his Phantasy. (Thorpe, 234, 235.) Jenny, after his attainder, fled from England, and was at Brussels in June 1570. (Thorpe, 293.) He was living there in 1576, and had a pension from the king of Spain.

He is sometimes called Genynges or Jennings. In Wright's Queen Elizabeth and her Times (i. 255) is a letter from Mr. Jenye to Cecil, dated Rye, 13 July [1567], whereby it appears that the writer had come from Dieppe to Rye in order to provide an English barque for the escape of the Earl of Murray from France. The allusion to my Lorde my master is apparently to Sir Henry Norris, and there can be no reasonable doubt that this Thomas Jenny is the writer of the letter referred to.

66

I find, in the London Spy for April, 1699 (p. 15.), the expression: "When we had liquored our throats," &c. Perhaps this may be regarded as the origin of our cant phrase, "to liquor," or liquor up"-meaning, to take a dram. It is, of course, confined to the vulgar.

66 to

"The Honour of Christ vindicated; or, a Hue and Cry after the Bully who assaulted Jacob in his Solitude.

Printed for, and sold by the Booksellers of London and

Westminster. M.D.CCXXXII."

Who wrote this tract, which is dedicated "To the Reverend Dr. J. T." Who was the Doctor? * It advocates the view that an emissary of Essu invaded the quiet of Jacob, and tried to assassinate him. It is certainly not a reverent production; but it is hard to say what was considered irreverent in days when Swift could write as he wrote on the subject of the Spirit. Would the date admit of the tract having been written by that bookseller, named Annett, who was prosecuted some time or other for blasphemy?

C.

AUBERY AND DU VAL. - Can you refer me to any information respecting Mons. Aubery and Mons. Du Val, who came to England as Commissioners of France in the reign of King Edward VI.? They are mentioned in a letter from Thomas Barnabe to Sir William Cecil, Secretary of State, to be found in Strype's Ecclesiastical Memorials (edition of 1822, vol. iv. part II., fol. 491). P. S. C.

I was

GREAT BATTLE OF CATS.-More than thirty the following strange story told as a fact, by a years ago, I have a perfect recollection of hearing gentleman who believed it to be true. very young at the time, and the story made a strange impression on my mind. I find it in an transfer it to a lasting niche in " N. & Q." old note-book of my own, from which I wish to

the scene of the alleged conflict was laid on a plain The narrator, was a Kilkenny gentleman, and near that ancient city. The time might have been some forty years before the tale "as it was told to

me:

so that, calculating up to the present time, the bella horrida bella would be about seventy-five or eighty years ago. My informant stated that he knew persons, then alive, who actually inspected the "field, after the battle."

One night, in the summer time, all the cats in

[ Probably the Rev. Dr. Joseph Trapp.-ED.]