Butalis, ii. 270

Butastur, ii. 348

Buteo, ii. 348

Buteogallus, ii. 348

BUTEONINÆ, ii. 348

Buteola, ii. 348

Buthraupis, ii. 98

Butterflies, arrangement of, i. 103

Palearctic, i. 187

of Central Europe, i. 196

of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205
of Azores, i. 207

peculiar to Siberian sub-region, i. 220
of Japan and North China, i. 227
of the Ethiopian region, i. 255
number of Ethiopian species, i. 256
of Indo-Malay sub-region, i. 342
of the Australian region, i. 404

of the Austro-Malay sub-region, i. 404
of the Moluccas, i. 419

of Celebes, peculiarities of, i. 434

of New Zealand, i. 457

mammalia of, ii. 127

birds of, ii. 127

reptiles of, ii. 128

amphibia of, ii. 128

fresh-water fishes of, ii. 128

Caligo, ii. 472

Calinaga, ii. 479

Calisto, ii. 471
Callæas, ii. 287

Callia, ii. 521
Callichroma, ii. 501
Callichrous, ii. 442
Callichthys, ii. 444
Callida, ii. 490
Callidryas, ii. 478
Callionymus, ii. 430
Calliope, ii. 259
Callipepla, ii. 339
Calliperidia, ii. 108
Calliphlor, ii. 198
Callirhynus, ii. 375

Callisaurus, ii. 401

Calliste, ii. 98

Callisthenus, ii. 489

Callithea, ii. 474

Callithrix, in Brazilian caves, i. 184

ii. 175

ii. 178

Callocephalus, ii. 204

Callochen, ii. 363

Callomystax, ii. 443

Callophis, ii. 383

Callophysus, ii. 443

Callopistes, ii. 390

Callorhinus, ii. 202

Calloselasma, ii 385

Callosune, ii. 478

Callula, ii. 416

Calobates, ii. 290

Calocitta, ii. 273

Calodromas, ii. 344

Cacopus, ii. 416

Cacotus, ii. 417

Calanas, ii. 333

Cactornis, ii. 284

Caloperdix, ii. 339

Calophena, ii, 490

Cæcilia, ii. 411

Calopsitta, ii. 325

CECILIADE, ii. 411

Caloragia, ii. 375

Carcum, ii 509

Calorhamphus, ii. 306

Calornis, ii. 288

Calosoma, ii. 489
Calostethus, ii 419
Calotes, ii. 402
Calothorax, ii. 108
Calydna, ii. 476
Calypte, ii. 108

Calyptocephalus, if. 421

Calyptomena, ii 295

Calyptorhynchus, ii. 325

CALYPTRÆIDÆ, ii. 51!

Calyptura, ii. 102

Camarhynchus, ii. 284

Camaroptera, ii. 258

Camel, fossil in Indian Miocene, i. 122

birth-place and migrations of, i. 155
Palearctic, i. 182

Camelida, essentially extra-tropical, i. 112

N. American Tertiary, i. 138

CAMELIDE, ii. 216

CAMELOPARDALIDE, ii. 221

Camelopardalis, Miocene of Greece, I. 116

birds of, ii. 136

reptiles and fishes of, ii. 137

insects of, ii. 137

Canaries, birds of, i. 208

beetles of, i. 209

Cancroma, ii. 359

Canida, European Miocene, i. 118
European Eocene, i. 125

N. American Tertiary, i. 134
remarkable S. African, i. 207
CANIDE, ii. 197

Canis, European Pliocene, i. 112
Post-Pliocene, i. 112
European Miocene, i. 118
Indian Miocene, i. 121
European Eocene, i. 125

N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 129

N. American Tertiary, i. 134, 135

in Brazilian caves, i. 144

S. American Pliocene, i. 146
ii. 197

Cantharus, ii. 427

Cantoria, ii. 376

Cape Ant-eater, ii. 246

Cape of Good Hope, peculiar flora and fauna

Carnivora, European Eocene, i. 125
N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 129
N. American Tertiary, i. 134
of Brazilian caves, i. 144
S. American Pliocene, i. 146
Carnivora, classification of, i. 88
antiquity of, i. 153

of the Palearctic region, i. 182
list of Palearctic genera of, i. 240
list of Ethiopian genera of, i. 302
range of Oriental genera of, i. 373
list of Australian genera of, i. 476
CARNIVORA, ii. 192

general remarks on the distribution of,
204

range of, in time, ii. 206

summary and conclusion, ii. 541

Caroline Islands, birds of, i. 444

Carpenter, Dr. Philip, on Panama shells, ii.

Casnonia, ii. 489
Cassiculus, ii. 282
Cassicus, ii. 282
Cassidaria, ii. 507
Cassidix, ii. 283
Cassinia, ii. 270

Cassowaries, ii. 368

Castalia, ii. 534

Castnia, ii. 481

CASTNIIDÆ, ii. 481

Castor, European Pliocene, i. 113

European Miocene, i. 120
ii. 234

CASTORIDÆ, ii. 234

Castoroides, ii. 234

Casuarius, ii. 369

CASUARIIDÆ, ii. 368

Catadromus, ii. 490

Catagramma, ii. 474

Catamblyrhynchus, ii. 285

Catamenia, ii, 285

Catascopus, ii. 489

ii. 491

Cataulus, ii. 520
Catharistes, ii. 346

Cathartes, Brazilian caves, i. 124

ii. 346

Catharus, ii. 256

Catherpes, ii. 264

Catla, ii. 451

Catoblepas, ii. 224
Catodon, ii. 208

Catodontida, ii. 207

Catopra, ii. 433

Catoprion, ii. 446

Catostomus, ii. 451

Catoxantha, ii. 496

Catriscus, ii. 258
Cats, ii. 192

Chamæleo, N. American Eocene, i. 165

Chalybur, ii. 107

Chamaa, ii. 264

CHAM EIDÆ, ii. 264

CHAMELEONIDÆ, ii. 402
Chameleons, ii. 402
Chamapetes, ii. 343

Chamaospiza, ii. 284
Chamesaura, ii. 394
CHAMESAURIDÆ, ii. 394
Chamza, ii. 104
CHAMIDE, ii. 534
Chamois, figure of, i. 195
ii. 224

Chamostrea, ii. 536
Chanodichthys, ii. 453

CHARACINIDÆ, ii. 444
Characodon, ii. 450

CHARADRIIDE, ii. 355

Chradrius, ii. 356
Charina, ii. 373
Charis, ii. 476
Charitornis, ii. 274

Charmosyna, ii. 327

Ch siempis, ii. 271

Chasmodes, ii. 431

Chasmorhynchus, ii. 103, 294
Chatarrhea, ii. 261

Chatham Islands, birds of, i. 454

Chatterers, ii. 293

Chaulelismus, ii. 364
Chauna, ii. 361

Chaunonotus, ii. 272

Chaunoproctus, ii. 284
Chela, ii. 453

Chelemys, ii. 408

Chelidon, ii. 281

Chelidoptera, ii. 311

Chelidorynx, ii. 271

Chelodina, ii. 408

Chili, islands of, ii. 49
Chilinia, ii. 518
Chilobranchus, ii. 456
Chilomeniscus, ii. 375
Chimæra, ii. 460

CHIMERIDÆ, ii. 460

China, fossil mammals in, resembling those
of Indian and European Miocene, i.

362

North, mammalia of, i. 222

Chinchilla, ii. 237

Chinchillida in Brazilian caves, i. 145
S. American Pliocene, i. 147
Pliocene of Antilles, i. 148
CHINCHILLIDÆ, ii. 237
Chioglossa, ii. 413

Chionabas, ii. 471

CHIONIDIDÆ, ii. 354

Chionis, ii. 354

CHIROCENTRIDÆ, ii. 454

CHIROCOLIDÆ, ii. 393

Chirodon, ii. 445

Chirodryas, ii. 418

Chirogaleus, ii. 176

Chiroleptes, ii. 421

Chiromacharis, ii. 102, 292

Chiromantis, ii. 419
CHIROMYIDÆ, ii. 177
Chironectes, ii. 248

Chiroptera, classification of, i. 87

list of Palearctic genera of, i. 239
list of Ethiopian genera of, i. 300
range of Oriental genera of, i. 371
list of Australian genera of, i. 475
Chiroptera, European Eocene, i. 125
in Brazilian caves, i. 144

CHIROPTERA, ii. 181

remarks on the distribution of, ii. 185
fossil, ii. 185

summary and conclusion, ii. 441

Chirotes, ii. 388

CHIROTIDÆ, ii. 388

Chiroxiphia, ii. 102, 292

CHITONIDÆ, ii. 512

Chittya, ii. 519

Chlenius, ii. 489
Chlamydodera, ii. 275
Chlamydophorus, ii. 246
Chlamydotherium, ii. 246

in Brazilian caves, i. 145
Chlenasicus, ii. 262
Chloëphaga, ii. 363
Chlorochrysa, ii. 98
ii. 99
Chloronerpes, ii. 303
Chlorophanes, ii. 278

Chlorophonia, ii. 98

Climate, as a limit to the range of mammalia,
i. 11

gradual change of, before the glacial epoch,

i. 41

Clinteria, ii. 494

CLIONIDE, ii. 531
Clostophis, ii. 520
Clupea, ii. 454
CLUPEIDÆ, ii. 454
Clymenia, ii. 209
Clypeicterus, ii. 282
Clytoctantes, ii. 104
Clytolana, ii. 108
Clytus, ii. 501
Cnidoglanis, ii. 441
Cnipodectes, ii. 101

Cnipolegus, ii. 101, 291
Cobitis, ii. 453

Cobras, ii. 382

Coccothraustes, ii. 284

Coccygus, ii. 309

Coccystes, ii. 310
Cochlognathus, ii. 452
Cochlostyla, ii. 514
Cochlothraustes, ii. 309

Cochoa, ii. 269

Cockatoos, ii. 324

Cockles, ii. 535

Cocos Islands, bird of, ii. 60

Cocytia, ii. 481

Cæligena, ii. 107

Cælodon, ii. 245

Calonotus, ii. 457

Calopeltis, ii. 377

Cælosterna, ii. 501

Canonympha, ii. 471

Cæreba, ii. 278

CEREBIDÆ, ii. 278

Cogia, ii. 208

Colaptes, ii. 304

Coleoptera, families selected for study, i. 103
Palæarctic, i. 188

number of Palearctic species, i 189

of Central Europe, i. 196

of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205

of the Cape Verd Islands, i. 215

of the Ethiopian region, i, 256

S. African, i. 268

of Madagascar, i. 282, 283

of the Oriental region, 1. 319

of Indo-Malay sub-region, i. 342

of the Australian region, i. 405

affinity of Australian and South American,