Butalis, ii. 270 Butastur, ii. 348 Buteo, ii. 348 Buteogallus, ii. 348 BUTEONINÆ, ii. 348 Buteola, ii. 348 Buthraupis, ii. 98 Butterflies, arrangement of, i. 103 Palearctic, i. 187 of Central Europe, i. 196 of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205 peculiar to Siberian sub-region, i. 220 of the Austro-Malay sub-region, i. 404 of Celebes, peculiarities of, i. 434 of New Zealand, i. 457 mammalia of, ii. 127 birds of, ii. 127 reptiles of, ii. 128 amphibia of, ii. 128 fresh-water fishes of, ii. 128 Caligo, ii. 472 Calinaga, ii. 479 Calisto, ii. 471 Callia, ii. 521 Callisaurus, ii. 401 Calliste, ii. 98 Callisthenus, ii. 489 Callithea, ii. 474 Callithrix, in Brazilian caves, i. 184 ii. 175 ii. 178 Callocephalus, ii. 204 Callochen, ii. 363 Callomystax, ii. 443 Callophis, ii. 383 Callophysus, ii. 443 Callopistes, ii. 390 Callorhinus, ii. 202 Calloselasma, ii 385 Callosune, ii. 478 Callula, ii. 416 Calobates, ii. 290 Calocitta, ii. 273 Calodromas, ii. 344 Cacopus, ii. 416 Cacotus, ii. 417 Calanas, ii. 333 Cactornis, ii. 284 Caloperdix, ii. 339 Calophena, ii, 490 Cæcilia, ii. 411 Calopsitta, ii. 325 CECILIADE, ii. 411 Caloragia, ii. 375 Carcum, ii 509 Calorhamphus, ii. 306 Calornis, ii. 288 Calosoma, ii. 489 Calyptocephalus, if. 421 Calyptomena, ii 295 Calyptorhynchus, ii. 325 CALYPTRÆIDÆ, ii. 51! Calyptura, ii. 102 Camarhynchus, ii. 284 Camaroptera, ii. 258 Camel, fossil in Indian Miocene, i. 122 birth-place and migrations of, i. 155 Camelida, essentially extra-tropical, i. 112 N. American Tertiary, i. 138 CAMELIDE, ii. 216 CAMELOPARDALIDE, ii. 221 Camelopardalis, Miocene of Greece, I. 116 birds of, ii. 136 reptiles and fishes of, ii. 137 insects of, ii. 137 Canaries, birds of, i. 208 beetles of, i. 209 Cancroma, ii. 359 Canida, European Miocene, i. 118 N. American Tertiary, i. 134 Canis, European Pliocene, i. 112 N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 129 N. American Tertiary, i. 134, 135 in Brazilian caves, i. 144 S. American Pliocene, i. 146 Cantharus, ii. 427 Cantoria, ii. 376 Cape Ant-eater, ii. 246 Cape of Good Hope, peculiar flora and fauna Carnivora, European Eocene, i. 125 of the Palearctic region, i. 182 general remarks on the distribution of, range of, in time, ii. 206 summary and conclusion, ii. 541 Caroline Islands, birds of, i. 444 Carpenter, Dr. Philip, on Panama shells, ii. Casnonia, ii. 489 Cassowaries, ii. 368 Castalia, ii. 534 Castnia, ii. 481 CASTNIIDÆ, ii. 481 Castor, European Pliocene, i. 113 European Miocene, i. 120 CASTORIDÆ, ii. 234 Castoroides, ii. 234 Casuarius, ii. 369 CASUARIIDÆ, ii. 368 Catadromus, ii. 490 Catagramma, ii. 474 Catamblyrhynchus, ii. 285 Catamenia, ii, 285 Catascopus, ii. 489 ii. 491 Cataulus, ii. 520 Cathartes, Brazilian caves, i. 124 ii. 346 Catharus, ii. 256 Catherpes, ii. 264 Catla, ii. 451 Catoblepas, ii. 224 Catodontida, ii. 207 Catopra, ii. 433 Catoprion, ii. 446 Catostomus, ii. 451 Catoxantha, ii. 496 Catriscus, ii. 258 Chamæleo, N. American Eocene, i. 165 Chalybur, ii. 107 Chamaa, ii. 264 CHAM EIDÆ, ii. 264 CHAMELEONIDÆ, ii. 402 Chamaospiza, ii. 284 Chamostrea, ii. 536 CHARACINIDÆ, ii. 444 CHARADRIIDE, ii. 355 Chradrius, ii. 356 Charmosyna, ii. 327 Ch siempis, ii. 271 Chasmodes, ii. 431 Chasmorhynchus, ii. 103, 294 Chatham Islands, birds of, i. 454 Chatterers, ii. 293 Chaulelismus, ii. 364 Chaunonotus, ii. 272 Chaunoproctus, ii. 284 Chelemys, ii. 408 Chelidon, ii. 281 Chelidoptera, ii. 311 Chelidorynx, ii. 271 Chelodina, ii. 408 Chili, islands of, ii. 49 CHIMERIDÆ, ii. 460 China, fossil mammals in, resembling those 362 North, mammalia of, i. 222 Chinchilla, ii. 237 Chinchillida in Brazilian caves, i. 145 Chionabas, ii. 471 CHIONIDIDÆ, ii. 354 Chionis, ii. 354 CHIROCENTRIDÆ, ii. 454 CHIROCOLIDÆ, ii. 393 Chirodon, ii. 445 Chirodryas, ii. 418 Chirogaleus, ii. 176 Chiroleptes, ii. 421 Chiromacharis, ii. 102, 292 Chiromantis, ii. 419 Chiroptera, classification of, i. 87 list of Palearctic genera of, i. 239 CHIROPTERA, ii. 181 remarks on the distribution of, ii. 185 summary and conclusion, ii. 441 Chirotes, ii. 388 CHIROTIDÆ, ii. 388 Chiroxiphia, ii. 102, 292 CHITONIDÆ, ii. 512 Chittya, ii. 519 Chlenius, ii. 489 in Brazilian caves, i. 145 Chlorophonia, ii. 98 Climate, as a limit to the range of mammalia, gradual change of, before the glacial epoch, i. 41 Clinteria, ii. 494 CLIONIDE, ii. 531 Cnipolegus, ii. 101, 291 Cobras, ii. 382 Coccothraustes, ii. 284 Coccygus, ii. 309 Coccystes, ii. 310 Cochoa, ii. 269 Cockatoos, ii. 324 Cockles, ii. 535 Cocos Islands, bird of, ii. 60 Cocytia, ii. 481 Cæligena, ii. 107 Cælodon, ii. 245 Calonotus, ii. 457 Calopeltis, ii. 377 Cælosterna, ii. 501 Canonympha, ii. 471 Cæreba, ii. 278 CEREBIDÆ, ii. 278 Cogia, ii. 208 Colaptes, ii. 304 Coleoptera, families selected for study, i. 103 number of Palearctic species, i 189 of Central Europe, i. 196 of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205 of the Cape Verd Islands, i. 215 of the Ethiopian region, i, 256 S. African, i. 268 of Madagascar, i. 282, 283 of the Oriental region, 1. 319 of Indo-Malay sub-region, i. 342 of the Australian region, i. 405 affinity of Australian and South American, |