CYPERACEÆ. *590. Eleocharis acicularis, R. Br. 591. Eleocharis palustris, R. Br. 1873. August. Mouse River Plain. 1874. July. Missouri River. #592. Scirpus Eriophorum, Mx. 593. Scirpus fluviatilis, Gray. 1873. July. Pembina. 594. Scirpus maritimus, L. 1873. August. Vicinity of Turtle Mountain. 1874. July. Missouri River. 595. Scirpus pungens, Vahl. 1874. July. Missouri River. 596. Scirpus validus, Vahl. 1873. July. Pembina. 1874. July. Missouri River. #597. Eriophorum latifolium. *598. Eriophorum polystachyon, L. *599. Carex adusta, Boot. 1873. July. Pembina. *600. Carex alopecoidea, Tucker. *601. Carex aperta, Boot. 602. Carex aristata, R. Br. *603. Carex atrata, L. *604. Carex aurea, Nutt. *605. Carex Douglasii, Hook. *607. Carex lanuginosa, Mx. 1874. July. Missouri River. *608. Carex longirostris, Torr. 1873. August. Mouse River. *614. Carex rosea, Schk. *615. Carex Richardsonii, R. Br. *616. Carex rigida, Good. *617. Carex riparia, Curtis. *618. Carex scirpoidea, Mx. *619. Carex siccata, Dew. *620. Carex straminea, Schk. *621. Carex straminea, Schk., var. 1873. July. Pembina. Bull. iv. No. 4 -6 *622. Carex supina, Wahl. *623. Carex stricta, Lam. *624. Carex stenophylla, Wahl. *625. Carex utriculata, Boott. #626. Zizania aquatica, L. GRAMINEE. *627. Alopecurus alpinus, Sunith. *628. Phleum alpinum, L. *629. Agrostis scabra, Willd. 630. Calamagrostis Canadensis, Beauv. 1873. July, August. Pembina. Near Turtle Mountain. 631. Calamagrostis stricta, Trin. Var. 1873. August. Turtle Mountain. *632. Eriocoma cuspidata, Nutt. 1873. August. Turtle Mountain. 634. Stipa spartea, Trin. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. 635. Stipa viridula, Trin. 1873. August. Second prairie. 636. Spartina cynosuroides, Willd. 1873. August. Mouse River. 637. Spartina gracilis, Roth. 1873. July. Turtle Mountain. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. 638. Bouteloua oligostachya, Torr. 1873. August. Turtle Mountain westward, forming compact sod, on dry prairie. 639. Kæleria cristata, Pers. 1873. August. Second prairie. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. 640. Glyceria airoides, Thurber. 1874. July. Missouri River. *641. Glyceria nervata, Trin. *642. Catabrosa aquatica, Beauv. *643. Poa alpina, L. 644. Poa alsodes, Gray. 1873. July. Pembina. #645. Poa casia, Smith, var. strictior. 646. Poa compressa, L. 1873. July. Pembina. *647. Poa flexuosa, Muhl. 648. Poa pratensis, L. 649. Poa scrotina, Ehrh. 1873. July, August. Pembina. Turtle Mountain. *650. Festuca borealis, Mert. *651. Festuca ovina, L. 652. Bromus ciliatus, L. 1873. August. Mouse River. 1874. August. West of Frenchman's Creek. 653. Phragmites communis, Trin. 1873. August. Prairie, on borders of little pools. *654. Lepturus paniculatus, Nutt. 655. Triticum caninum, L. 1873. August. Near Turtle Mountain, in thickets. 656. Triticum repens, L. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. *657. Triticum strigosum, Steud. 658. Hordeum jubatum, L. 1873. July. Pembina, on prairie. 1874. July. Missouri River. 659. Hordeum pratense, Huds. 1874. August. West of Frenchman's Creek. 660. Elymus Canadensis, L. 1873. August. Turtle Mountain, thickets. *661. Elymus Canadensis, var. glaucifolius. 662. Elymus Sibiricus, L. 1874. August. Rocky Mountains. 663. Elymus Virginicus, L. 1873. August. Near Turtle Mountain. *664. Danthonia spicata, Beauv. *665. Avena striata, Mx. 666. Aira cæspitosa, L. 1874. August. Base of Rocky Mountains. 667. Phalaris arundinacea, L. 1873. July, August. Pembina. Turtle Mountain, thickets. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. *GGS. Hierochloa borealis, R. & G. 669. Beckmannia erucaformis, Host. 1874. July, August. Missouri River. Frenchman's Creek. *670. Panicum pauciflorum, Ell. 671. Panicum virgatum, L. 1873. August. Mouse River. *672. Andropogon furcatus, Muhl. 673. Andropogon scoparius, Mx. 1873. September. Mouse River, dry prairie. 674. Equisetum arvense, L. EQUISETACEÆ. 1873. July. Pembina. LYCOPODIACEE. *689. Lycopodium complanatum, L. *690. Lycopodium lucidulum, Mx. 691. Selaginella rupestris, Spreng. 1874. August. Base of Rocky Mountains, and almost any. where eastward, in some places covering the face of the country and forming much of the sod on sterile hills. 692. Evernia alpina. LICHENES. 1874. August. Rocky Mountains. ART. XXXV.-ON SOME STRIKING PRODUCTS OF EROSION IN COLORADO. BY F. M. ENDLICH, S. N. D. During the progress of the geological and geographical survey of Colorado, under the direction of Dr. F. V. Hayden, every portion of that interesting State was explored. Numerous data were obtained, impor. tant not only to the geologist, but furnishing ample material to the artist, enjoyment to the traveller. Few States, perhaps, are so well favored by nature as Colorado. Some of the grandest mountain scenery within the United States is there to be found; mineral wealth is treasured up within the earth's interior. Farms and meadow land, rich in their yield, are scattered throughout the State; and, again, the traveller may visit within this State regions that will forcibly remind him of the Sahara. Now that its exploration is finished and its features throughout are thoroughly known, we are enabled to present more connected discussions upon the characteristic forms there observed. No group of forms, probably, is so unique as that showing numberless changes produced by the sculpturing hand of nature. Erosion, its artistic agent, has furnished us, in Colorado, with results at once striking and singularly beautiful in detail. To these the following pages shall be devoted. Fully aware that no pen-picture can convey an adequate idea of the subject, I may still hope that an accurate description may be of some service to those seeking information thereupon. For many years the classical region of Monument Park has been known. The singular shapes of its rocks and brilliancy of their colors have given a justly earned celebrity to the place. Since that time many other localities have been discovered, some of them even surpassing the former in grandeur and beauty. Lying farther toward the interior of the State, the regular tourist has not yet reached these spots, and the revelation of their wonders has thus far been made to a favored few only. In the course of years, no doubt, as communications shall be more completely established, these places, too, will be visited, and will elicit admiration equal to that now bestowed upon Monument Park. Until that time arrives, however, descriptions must be accepted which cannot possibly do justice to the subject. EROSION. Two classes of erosive agents may be distinguished, chemical and physical. Of these, the former has but one function, the latter two. |