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No. III.

be established, or to any money payable for the discharge or redemption 1 W. 4, c. 60. thereof, or any share or interest therein; those relating to dividends, to interest or other annual produce; those relating to a conveyance, to any fine, recovery, release, surrender, assignment, or other assurance, including all acts, deeds, and things necessary for making and perfecting the same; those relating to a transfer, to any assignment, payment, or other disposition; those relating to a lunatic, to any idiot or person of unsound mind or incapable of managing his affairs; those relating to an heir, to any devisee or other real representative by the common law, or by custom or otherwise; and those relating to an executor, to any administrator or other personal representative; unless there be something in the subject or context repugnant to such construction; and whenever this act, in describing or referring to any trustee or other person, or any trust land, conveyance, matter, or thing, uses the word importing the singular number or the masculine gender only, the same shall be understood to include and shall be applied to several persons as well as one person, and females as well as males, and bodies corporate as well as individuals, and several trust lands, stocks, conveyances, matters, or things respectively, as well as one trust land, stock, conveyance, matter, or thing respectively, unless there be something in the subject or context repugnant to such construction.

direct the com

Where trustees III. That where any person seised or possessed of any land upon any or mortgagees trust or by way of mortgage shall be lunatic, (1) it shall be lawful for the of land are lu- committee of the estate of such person, by the direction of the lord natic, the lord chancellor of Great Britain, being intrusted by virtue of the king's chancellor may sign manual with the care and commitment of the custody of the mittees of such persons and estates of persons found idiot, lunatic, or of unsound mind, to convey such land, in the place of such trustee or mortgagee, to such person and in such manner as the said lord chancellor shall think proper; and every such conveyance shall be as effectual as if the trustee or mortgagee, being lunatic, had been of sane mind, memory, and understanding, and had made and executed the same,

persons to convey land;

or may direct

name of a lu

natic trustee,

IV. That where any stock shall be standing in the name of any the committee person who shall be a lunatic, as a trustee or executor, alone or jointly or other person with any other person, or shall continue to be standing in the name of to transfer a deceased person whose executor shall be lunatic, or shall be otherstocks or funds wise vested in or transferrable by any person who shall be lunatic, for standing in the the benefit of some other person, it shall be lawful for the lord chancellor, intrusted as aforesaid, to direct the committee of the estate of and receive the any such lunatic to transfer or join in transferring such stock to or into the name of such person and in such manner as the said lord chancellor shall think proper, and also to order such person appointed as aforesaid to receive and pay over or join in receiving and paying over the dividends of such stock in such manner as the said lord chancellor shall direct; and every such transfer, receipt, and payment shall be as effectual as if the person being lunatic had been of sane mind, memory, and understanding, and had transferred, received, and paid, or joined in transferring, receiving, and paying, such stock or dividends.

dividends.

Lord chancel

lor, before inquisition, may appoint a person to convey

or transfer.

V. That where any such person as aforesaid being lunatic shall not have been found such by inquisition, it shall be lawful for the lord chancellor, intrusted as aforesaid, to direct any person whom the said lord chancellor may think proper to appoint for that purpose, in the place of such last-mentioned lunatic, to convey or join in conveying such land, or to transfer or join in transferring such stock, and receive and pay over the dividends thereof, as herein-before is mentioned; and every such conveyance, transfer, receipt, or payment shall be as effectual as if the said person being lunatic had been of sane mind, memory, and understanding, and had made, done, or executed the same; but where any sum of money shall be payable to such lunatic, no such last-mentioned order shall be made if such sum of money shall

(1) See the statute relating to conveyances, &c., by lunatics, post, Part II. Class 6.

No. III.

exceed seven hundred pounds; and where any sum not exceeding seven hundred pounds shall be payable to such lunatic, and any such order 1 W. 4, c. 60. shall be made, the lord chancellor, intrusted as aforesaid, shall direct to whom and in what manner the money so payable shall be paid; and every payment made in pursuance of such direction shall effectually discharge the person paying the same from the money which he shall so pay.

VI. That where any person seised or possessed of any land upon any Infant trustees trust or by way of mortgage shall be under the age of twenty-one years, or mortgagees it shall be lawful for such infant, by the direction of the court of chan- empowered to cery, to convey the same to such person and in such manner as the said convey by the court shall think proper; and every such conveyance shall be as effec- direction of the tual as if the infant trustee or mortgagee had been, at the time of court of chanmaking or executing the same, of the age of twenty-one years.

cery.

Wales.

VII. That where any person seised or possessed upon any trust or by Infant trustees way of mortgage of any land situated within the duchy of Lancaster, or or mortgagees the counties palatine of Chester, Lancaster, and Durham respectively, of land within or the principality of Wales, shall be under the age of twenty-one years, the jurisdiction it shall be lawful for such infant, by the direction of the court of the of the courts of duchy chamber of Lancaster, the court of exchequer in the county Lancaster, palatine of Chester, the court of chancery in the county palatine of Chester, DurLancaster, the court of chancery in the county palatine of Durham, and ham, and the several courts of great session in Wales respectively, (1) as to premises within the jurisdiction of the same courts respectively, to convey such lands to such person and in such manner as the said courts respectively shall think proper, in like manner as such infant is herein-before empowered to convey the same by the direction of the court of chancery. VIII. That where any person seised of any land upon any trust shall When trustees be out of the jurisdiction of or not amenable to the process of the court of real estates of chancery, or it shall be uncertain, where there were several trustees, are out of the which of them was the survivor, or it shall be uncertain whether the jurisdiction, or trustee last known to have been seised as aforesaid be living or dead, it is uncertain or, if known to be dead, it shall not be known who is his heir; or if any be alive, or whether they trustee seised as aforesaid, or the heir of any such trustee, shall neglect who may be or refuse to convey such land for the space of twenty-eight days next the heir, the after a proper deed for making such conveyance shall have been ten- court of chandered for his execution by, or by an agent duly authorized by, any per- cery may apson entitled to require the same; then and in every or any such case it point a person shall be lawful for the said court of chancery to direct any person whom to convey. such court may think proper to appoint for that purpose, in the place of the trustee or heir, to convey such land to such person and in such manner as the said court shall think proper; and every such conveyance shall be as effectual as if the trustees seised as aforesaid, or his heir, had made and executed the same.

IX. That where any person possessed of any land for any term of When trustees years upon any trust shall be out of the jurisdiction of or not amenable of leasehold to the process of the court of chancery, or it shall be uncertain whether estates are out the trustee last known to have been possessed as aforesaid be living or of the jurisdicdead; or if any trustee possessed as aforesaid, or the executor of any tion, &c. such trustee, shall neglect or refuse to assign or surrender such land for the space of twenty-eight days next after a proper deed for making such assignment or surrender shall have been tendered for his execution by, or by an agent duly authorized by, any person entitled to require the same; then and in every or any such case it shall be lawful for the said court of chancery to direct any person whom such court may think proper to appoint for that purpose, in the place of the trustee or executor, to assign or surrender such land to such person and in such manner as the court shall think proper; and every such assignment or surrender shall be as effectual as if the trustee possessed as aforesaid, or his executor, had made and executed the same.

(1) The palatinate courts of Chester and the courts of great sessions in Wales are abolished by the 1 W. 4, c. 70. See post, Part IV. Class I.

No. III.

Transfer of

X. That where any person in whose name as a trustee or executor 1 W. 4, c. 60. (either alone or together with the name of any other person), or in the name of whose testator, (whether as a trustee or beneficially,) any stock shall be standing, or any other person who shall otherwise have power stocks or funds. to transfer or join with any other person in transferring any stock to which some other person shall be beneficially entitled, shall be out of the jurisdiction of or not amenable to the process of the court of chancery, or it shall be uncertain whether such person be living or dead; or if any such trustee or executor or other person shall neglect or refuse to transfer such stock, or receive and pay over the dividends thereof to the person entitled thereto or to any part thereof respectively, or as he shall direct, for the space of thirty-one days next after a request in writing for that purpose shall have been made to any such trustee or executor or other person by the person entitled as aforesaid, then and in every or any such case it shall be lawful for the court of chancery to direct such person as the said court shall think proper to appoint for that purpose, in the place of such trustee or executor or other person, to transfer or join in transferring such stock to or into the name of such person, and in such manner as such court shall direct, and also to order any person appointed as aforesaid to receive and pay over or join in receiving and paying over the dividends of such stock in such manner as the said court shall direct; and every such transfer, receipt, and payment shall be as effectual as if the said trustee or executor or other person had transferred or joined in transferring such stock, or had received and paid or joined in receiving and paying the said dividends. (1) (2)

Directions or orders of the

court of chan

cery, or by the

lord chancellor, &c., under

the authority of this act, to be

made upon petition.

Lord chancel-¡

XI. That every direction or order to be made in pursuance of this act by the lord chancellor intrusted as aforesaid, or by the court of chancery, or by any other court herein-before mentioned, shall be signified by an order to be made in any cause depending in such court respectively, or upon petition in the lunacy or matter; and such person as herein-after is mentioned shall be the petitioner, whether such person be or be not under any legal disability; (that is to say,) if the same shall relate to a conveyance, transfer, receipt, or payment to or in such manner as may be directed by any person beneficially entitled, then upon the petition of the person or some or one of the persons beneficially entitled to the land, stock, or dividends to be conveyed, transferred received, or paid; and if the same shall relate to a conveyance in order to vest any land or stock in a new trustee duly appointed by virtue of some power or authority in some instrument creating or declaring the trusts of such land or stock, or by the court of chancery, either alone or together with any continuing trustee, then upon the petition either of the trustee or some or one of the trustees in whom the same shall be proposed to be vested, or of any person having an interest therein; and if the same shall relate to the conveyance of an estate in mortgage, then upon the petition of the person or some or one of the persons entitled to the equity of redemption thereof, or of the person or some or one of the persons entitled to the monies thereby secured, or the guardian or committee or some or one of the guardians or committees of the person entitled to such monies, if an infant or lunatic.

XII. Provided always nevertheless, and be it further enacted, That lor or court may where, on account of the length of time which shall have elapsed since

(1) Where a decree declared a defendant against whom the bill had been taken pro confesso, to be a trustee of stock for the plaintiff, the court declined to refer it to the master to appoint a person to transfer the stock in the place of the defendant, except upon a petition presented under this statute. Fellowes v. Till, 5 Simons, 319.

(2) A testator gave an annuity to his widow and the residue of his estate to his children. The executors paid the testator's debts and legacies, and purchased stock in their names to answer the annuity, and paid the dividends to the widow. One of the executors went to reside abroad and the other died. Held, that they were trustees of the stock within this act. Ex parte Dover, 5 Simons, 510.

No. III.

the creation or last declaration of a trust, the title of the person claiming a conveyance or transfer may appear to require deliberate investigation 1 W. 4, c. 60. in the presence of all parties interested, in order to prevent the vesting

of the legal estate in a person who may not really be entitled to the direct a bill to benefit thereof; or if under other circumstances it shall appear to the be filed to estalord chancellor, intrusted as aforesaid, or the court of chancery, or any blish the right. other court herein-before mentioned, not proper to make an order upon petition; it shall be lawful for such lord chancellor or any such court to direct a bill to be filed to establish the right of the party seeking the conveyance or transfer, and upon the establishment by a decree of such right, by the same decree, or any order in the cause or in the lunacy, or both, to direct a conveyance or transfer to be made according to the intent of this act. (1)

XII. That any committee, infant, or other person directed by virtue Committees, inof this act to make or join in making any conveyance or transfer or fants, &c. may receipt or payment, shall and may be compelled, by the order to be ob- be compelled to taind as herein-before is mentioned, to make and execute the same in convey, translike manner as trustees of full age, and of sane mind, memory, and un- fer, &c. derstanding, are compellable to convey, transfer, or receive and pay over the trust estates or funds vested in them respectively.

direct.

XIV. That where the person or any of the persons to whom any money Mortgage shall be payable, in or towards the redemption or discharge of any money belongmortgage or incumbrance of which a release or conveyance shall be ob- ing to infants to tained under the powers of this act, shall be an infant, it shall be lawful be paid into the for the person by whom such money shall be payable to pay the same bank, or as the into the Bank of England in the name and with the privity of the ac- court shall countant general of the court of chancery or of the court of exchequer, to be placed to his account in trust in any cause then depending in the said court concerning such money, or, if there shall be no such cause, to the credit of such infant, subject to the order and disposition of the said court respectively, or to such person or persons or in such other manner as the said court respectively shall direct; and the said court shall and is hereby empowered to order any money which shall so be paid into court to be invested in the public funds, and to order distribution thereof, or payment of the dividends thereof, as to the said court shall seem reasonable; and every cashier of the Bank of England who shall receive any such money is hereby required to give to the person paying the same a receipt for such money; and such receipt shall be an effectual discharge for the money therein respectively expressed to have been received.

form.

XV. That every person, being in other respects within the meaning Act to extend of this act, shall be and be deemed to be a trustee within the meaning to trustees of this act, notwithstanding he may have some beneficial estate or having an ininterest in the same subject, or may have some duty as trustee to per- terest, or having form; but in every such case, and in every case of a mortgagee (not duty to perbeing a naked trustee), it shall be in the discretion of the said lord chancellor, intrusted as aforesaid, or the said court of chancery, if under the circumstances it shall seem requisite, to direct a bill to be filed to establish the right of the party seeking the conveyance or transfer, and not to make the order for such conveyance or transfer unless by the decree to be made in such cause, or until after such decree shall have been made.

XVI. That where any land shall have been contracted to be sold, tives of vendors Representaand the vendor or any of the vendors shall have departed this life, to be trustees either having received the purchase money for the same or some part within this act, thereof, or not having received any part thereof, and a specific perform- after a decree ance of such contract, either wholly or as far as the same remains to be for specific perexecuted, or as far as the same by reason of the infancy can be execu- formance; and

(1) The statute only applies to a cestui que trust who is named in the instrument upon which his title depends, or to a person who claims directly under a cestui que trust, so named, as real or personal representative, or as assignee. In the matter of Merry, I Mylne & Keen, 677.

H

No. III.

1 W. 4, c. 60.

persons in

whose names

ted, shall have been decreed by the court of chancery in the lifetime of such vendor or after his decease, and where one person shall have purchased an estate in the name of another, but the nominal purchaser shall, on the face of the conveyance, appear to be the real purchaser, and there shall be no declaration of trust from him, and a decree of the said court, either before or after the death of such nominal purchaser, shall have declared such nominal purchaser to be a trustee for the real such trustees. purchaser, then and in every such case the heir of such vendor, or such nominal purchaser or his heir, in whom the premises shall be vested, shall be and be deemed to be a trustee for the purchaser within the meaning of this act.

purchases are made to be

Tenants for life, &c. of estates devised in settlement, and contracted to

directed to convey, after a de

XVII. That where any land shall have been contracted to be sold, and the vendor or any of the vendors shall have departed this life, having devised the same in settlement so as to be vested in any person for life or other limited interest, with any remainder, limitation, or gift over which may not be vested, or may be vested in some person from be sold, may be whom a conveyance of the same cannot be obtained, or by way of executory devise, and a specific performance of such contract, either wholly or so far as the same remained to be executed, shall have been cree for specific decreed by the court of chancery, it shall be lawful for the court by whom such decree shall be made, by the same or any other decree, or any decretal order, or upon petition in the cause, to direct any such tenant for life or other person having a limited interest, or the first executory devisee thereof, to convey the fee simple or other the whole estate contracted to be sold to the purchaser, or in such manner as the said court shall think proper; and every such conveyance shall be as effectual as if the person who shall make the same were seised of the fee simple or other the whole estate contracted to be sold.

performance.

Act to extend to XVIII. That the several provisions herein-before contained shall other construc- extend to every other case of a constructive trust, or trust arising or tive and resul- resulting by implication of law; but in every such case where the ting trusts, alleged trustee has or claims a beneficial interest adversely to the party when declared seeking a conveyance or transfer, no order shall be made for the execuby decree.

Husbands of

to be deemed

trustees within the act.

tion of a conveyance or transfer by such alleged trustee until after it has been declared by the court of chancery, in a suit regularly instituted in such court, that such person is a trustee for the person so seeking a conveyance or transfer; but this act shall not extend to cases upon partition, or cases arising out of the doctrine of election in equity, or to a vendor, except in any case herein-before expressly provided for. (1)

XIX. That where any feme covert would be a trustee, mortgagee, female trustees heir, or executor within the provisions of this act, if she were an infant or lunatic, or out of the jurisdiction or not amenable to the process of the court of chancery or exchequer, or had refused or neglected as aforesaid to execute or make such conveyance, transfer, receipt, or payment as herein-before is mentioned, and the concurrence of her husband shall be necessary in any conveyance, transfer, receipt, or payment which ought to be made or executed by her as such trustee, mortgagee, heir, or executor, then and in any such case such husband, whether under any disability or not, shall be and be deemed to be a trustee within the meaning of this act.

Provisions as to

XX. That the provisions herein-before contained for obtaining conlunacy to ex- veyances from any person being lunatic shall extend to and include all tend to all per- persons being lunatic who, by force of any law for payment of debts sons compella- out of real estate, would or hereafter may be compellable to convey any ble to convey. land if of sound mind.

(1) Where a mortgagee in fee died intestate as to the mortgaged premises, but having bequeathed her personal estate to B, who presented a petition under this statute praying that some person might be appointed in the place of the mortgagee's heir, who could not be found to convey the premises to him. The court held the act was not intended to apply to such a case, and refused to make any order. In re Stanley, 5 Simons, 320.

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