was admitted to the Bar in 1801. He at once entered upon an extensive and lucrative practice. Three years later, Jan. 1, 1804, he married Zilpah, eldest daughter of General Peleg Wadsworth, a Revolutionary soldier of distinction, and a descendant of John Alden, of Plymouth. Samuel Stephenson, a rich merchant of Portland, lived in the large square wooden house still standing on the corner of Fore and Hancock Streets, Portland. His wife, Abigail Longfellow, was a sister of Stephen Longfellow, and, as her husband had been suddenly called to the West Indies on business, she invited her brother to spend the winter of 1806-7 with her. Thus it was that on Feb. 27, 1807, in this house, and not in the Longfellow house, was born this second son, Henry Wadsworth, named for Mrs. Longfellow's brother, Lieutenant Henry Wadsworth, who on the night of Sept. 4, 1804, in the harbor of Tripoli, lost his life, a voluntary sacrifice, in a gallant endeavor to destroy the enemy's flotilla by a fire-ship. In the spring of 1807 General Wadsworth, Mrs. Longfellow's father, removed to Hiram, Me., in order to occupy and insure a large tract of land which the Government had granted to him for his military services. Stephen Long

fellow took up his residence in the house which General Wadsworth had vacated, and made it henceforth his home. It is now the residence of the poet's sister.

A few words should be added concerning Stephen Longfellow, the poet's father. In 1814 he was sent to the Legislature of Massachusetts. He was a member of the celebrated Hartford Convention. In 1816 he was made a presidential elector. In 1822 he was elected a member of Congress. At the close of his congressional term he retired from politics, and devoted his remaining years to his profession. In 1825, when Lafayette visited Portland, Mr. Longfellow was appointed to give the address of welcome. In his reply Lafayette said: "While I offer to the people of Portland, and to you, gentle, my respectful thanks, I am happy to recognize, in the kind organ of their kindness

men,

to me, the member of Congress who shared in the flattering invitation which has been to me a source of inexpressible honor and delight." In 1828 Mr. Longfellow received the degree of LL.D. from Bowdoin College, of which he was a trustee from 1817 to 1836. He was Recording Secretary of the Maine Historical Society from 1828 to 1830, and in 1834 he was elected president of the Society. He died, honored and beloved, Aug. 3, 1849, aged seventy-four years.

Such in public life was the father of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. In the domestic circle the noble traits of his character were no less apparent. His home was one of refinement and the purest social virtues, and she who shared its direction with him not only adorned it with rare womanly grace, but gave it many an added charm.

Here the poet passed his earlier years. How well he remembers the Portland of those early years, he has told us in his delightful poem, "My Lost Youth,"

"I remember the black wharves and the slips,
And the sea-tides tossing free;
And Spanish sailors with bearded lips,
And the beauty and mystery of the ships,
And the magic of the sea.

And the voice of that wayward song

Is singing and saying still :

'A boy's will is the wind's will,

And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts.'

"I remember the bulwarks by the shore,

And the fort upon the hill;
The sunrise-gun, with its hollow roar,
The drum-beat repeated o'er and o'er,
And the bugle wild and shrill.

And the music of that old song
Throbs in my memory still:

'A boy's will is the wind's will, And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts.' "I remember the sea-fight far away,

How it thundered o'er the tide !
And the dead captains as they lay
In their graves, o'erlooking the tranquil bay,
Where they in battle died.

And the sound of that mournful song

Goes through me with a thrill:

'A boy's will is the wind's will,

And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts.'"

The first school that Mr. Longfellow at tended was kept by Marm Fellows, in a small brick school-house on Spring Street. Later, he went to the town school on Love Lane, now Centre Street. A week or two later he was placed in the private school of Nathaniel H. Carter, which was kept in a little one-story wooden house on the west side of Preble Street, now Congress. Afterward he attended the Portland Academy, under the same master, and also under the mastership of Mr. Bezaleel Cushman, a graduate of Dartmouth College, who took charge of the Academy in 1815, and was at its head twenty-six years. One of his assistants, while Mr. Longfellow was connected with the Academy, was Jacob Abbott. Under such inspiring teachers, his progress was rapid, and in 1821, at the age of fourteen, he entered Bowdoin College, though for the most part during the first years of his College course he pursued his studies at home.

The class which he entered was a brilliant one. In it were sons of some of the choicest families in northern New England, and among them were not a few who were to achieve distinction in the field of letters, in the pulpit, and at the Bar.

When he entered College, Mr. Longfellow had already occupied the poet's corner in the Portland newspapers. His first published poem was on Lovell's fight. In his complete poetical works, as now issued, are seven poems which he tells us were written for the most part during his College life, and all of them before he was nineteen years of age. They were first published in "The United States Literary Gazette," and thence found their way into the columns of the daily and weekly press of the country.

Mr. Longfellow graduated second in a class of thirty-seven, and so full of promise was his future, that when, soon after his graduation, it was proposed to establish a chair of Modern Languages and Literature at Bowdoin College, he was elected to the professorship, being then only nineteen years of age. But he was not asked to take the

position before he had qualified himself for its duties. He accordingly went abroad, and the next three and a half years were spent in the study of the more important languages of Europe on their native soil. When he returned to Brunswick, in 1829, he brought with him a mind amply stored with the treasures of the literature of France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Holland, and England. His reputation as an instructor was now established, and students were attracted to Bowdoin by his growing fame.

In September, 1831, Mr. Longfellow was married to Mary S. Potter, daughter of Judge Barrett Potter of Portland. His first published work, which appeared in 1833, was a translation of the "Coplas de Jorge Manrique," to which was prefixed an introductory essay on the moral and devotional poetry of Spain. In the same year he published the first two numbers of "Outre Mer," and the whole work was published two years later.

At this time Mr. George Ticknor, the learned Professor of Modern Languages in Harvard University, resigned, and the publication of "Outre Mer," and Mr. Longfellow's growing reputation as a poet, led to his appointment as Mr. Ticknor's successor. Before entering on his professorship at Cambridge, in order to devote some time to study in the languages of Northern Europe, he again visited the Old World. The summer of 1835 was spent in Norway and Sweden, and the autumn and winter in Holland and Germany. But his studies were interrupted by the sudden death of his wife at Rotterdam, Nov. 29, 1835, and in the shadow of this sorrow he was compelled to complete his work abroad. In November, 1836, he returned to the United States, and after a visit to the home of his childhood, he repaired to Cambridge, and entered upon his duties as "Smith Professor of Modern Literature."

Early in his Cambridge life, Mr. Longfellow called one day at the Craigie House, which for a time during the Revolution was Washington's headquarters, and at a later

date the residence of Edward Everett and Jared Sparks. "I lodge students no longer," said Mrs. Craigie, in answer to the inquiry if she had a vacant room for a lodger. On learning that Mr. Longfellow was not a student, but a professor, she led the way to the room in the southeast corner, on the second floor, once General Washington's chamber, and placed it at his disposal. In 1843, on the death of Mrs. Craigie, Mr. Longfellow bought the house, and it has since been his home. In this year he was married to Frances Elizabeth Appleton, daughter of Hon. Nathan Appleton, of Boston. In this historic dwelling Mr. Longfellow's children, two sons and three daughters, were born; and here, too, occurred the tragic death of his wife, —an affliction most keenly felt, which has chastened all his subsequent years.

In the University he had the oversight of the work of four or five instructors in French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese. He also gave lectures on prominent authors and their works. His spare time was given to literary labor. His study, as now, was on the lower floor, under the southeast chamber, which he occupied when he first made his home in the Craigie mansion. It was the room in which Washington transacted the business of his office as commander-in-chief, - a fact which the poet himself has recorded in the lines,

"Yes, within this very room
Sat he in those hours of gloom,
Weary both in heart and head."

Here, amid the pleasantest of surroundings, have been written in successive years so many of those poems,

"Voices and melodies from beyond the gates,".

LL.D., and on revisiting Europe in 1868–69, he received the degree of D.C.L. from Oxford, and that of LL.D. from Cambridge. This was a just recognition of his extended fame, an expression of the high honor in which he was held by men of letters on both sides of the Atlantic.

Throughout his long career Mr. Longfel low has not been conspicuous upon public occasions. What he has written has been by an impulse from within, not from without. His "Morituri Salutamus," read at Bowdoin College in 1875, was not an exception. It was the fiftieth anniversary of his class, and though he was asked to honor the day with his verse, those "thoughts that breathe, and words that burn," bore witness to the pure soul from which they came. Of those who were present on that memorable day, none will ever forget the scene in the church when the now venerable poet, surrounded by his classmates, saluted the familiar places of his youth; beloved instructors, of whom all but one had passed into the land of shadows; the students who filled the seats he and his companions once had occupied; and, finally, his classmates,

"against whose familiar names not yet The fatal asterisk of death is set."

One of these classmates, the Rev. David Shepley, D.D., referring to the poet, says: "How did we exult in his pure character and his splendid reputation; with what delight gaze upon his intelligent and benignant countenance; with what moistening eye listen to his words! And what limit was there to the blessing we desired for him from the Infinite Author of Mind!" And he adds: “Just before leaving for our respective homes, we gathered in a retired college-room for the last time; talked together a half-hour as of old;

Mr. Longfellow retained his professorship at Cambridge seventeen years, and then resigned, in order to give himself wholly to literary work. In 1859 he received from Harvard University the honorary degree of

together. Then, going forth and standing for a moment once more under the branches of the old tree, in silence we took each other by the hand and separated, knowing well that Brunswick would not again witness a gathering of the class of 1825."

STATUE OF HARRIET

MARTINEAU.

On Saturday morning, May 13, 1882, a few favored persons had an opportunity of seeing Miss Anne Whitney's plaster cast for a statue of Harriet Martineau, before the shipment of the work to Florence, where it is to be executed in marble. The statue will cost between twelve and fifteen thousand dollars, and has been, in its inception, and from beginning to end, the work of women, the money (only fifteen hundred dollars is still lacking) having been subscribed entirely by women, and a female sculptor having performed the artistic task. The marble figure when completed will come to this city, and will find a permanent home here, though the exact locality where it will be placed is not known with certainty as yet. The project of erecting a statue of Miss Martineau in Boston has been cherished for some time by a few women who appreciate the importance of her labors in the direction of ameliorating the condition and advancing the interests of their sex, and it seems eminently appropriate that Miss Whitney should have been chosen to construct the memorial. The literary works of Miss Martineau at the time of her death numbered over one hundred published volumes, including books upon an extraordinarily wide range of subjects, from religion, ethics, philosophy, and reform, to fiction and travel. On grave practical questions of the utmost importance, her published opinions attracted the greatest attention among thoughtful people, and won for her a permanent and distinguished place in literature. Her visit to this city in 183435 was the occasion of a very cordial welcome on the part of the most respected portion of the community; but when she took the unpopular part of the Abolitionists, "Society" at the West End turned its back upon her. She was a loyal friend to Garrison and the little band of anti-slavery agitators, and promulgated her radical views on the social condition of the United States in a volume published soon after her return to England.

She was a great traveller, an indefatigable worker (in spite of ill health), and a profound and original thinker. In all reforms she took a deep and active interest, and her philanthropy was both practical and far-reaching. The effigy of such an earnest and gifted woman in a public place will do honor to the city of Boston, and especially to the women through whose endeavors the memorial is to be consummated. This statue is the most important work Miss Whitney has ever undertaken, and whether the result is due to the congenial character of the subject or to the artist's progress alone - it is unquestionably the most successful. The figure is somewhat larger than life-size, and is seated in a straight-backed garden-chair, such a one as Miss Martineau habitually occupied on a terrace in the pretty grounds of her English home at Ambleside. She is represented as having just finished the reading of a manuscript which lies in her lap, and upon which her hands are crossed, while she looks directly in front of her, as though lost in meditation. The position, though dignified, appears natural to the somewhat serious and austere character of the individual. There may be a trace of stiffness in the straight, erect, unbending rigidity of the form, but it is likely enough that it belongs to the character of one in whom inflexibility of purpose was so marked a trait. The expression of the face is genuinely thoughtful, and in this regard the sculptor has achieved a triumph of which she may well be proud. Miss Martineau, at the age of thirty-five or forty, in her prime, had a sweet, matronly, and superior face, with regular, well harmonized and proportioned features, as is shown by the portraits of her, one of which forms the frontispiece to the London edition of her Autobiography (1877). So far as can be judged, the statue bears a close resemblance to her, though the portrait is of course an ideal rather than a literal presentment. The hair is dressed in the mode of forty years ago, being brought down low on the temples, and terminating in a simple knot just above the nape of the neck. The head