Adaptive Coloration in Animals

adaptive coloration advertisement African antennæ aposematic appearance attack attitude background bark bees beetles behaviour birds body brown Bufo butterflies camouflage caterpillars chromatophores closely colour colour-scheme concealing coloration conspicuous contrast correlated countershading crab Crustacea cryptic coloration cuckoos dark deceptive defence device display disruptive pattern dorsal eaten Edward Poulton effect eggs enemies environment evidence example exhibited experiments fact feeding figs fishes frogs function geckos genus grasshoppers green grey groups of animals habits head Hingston Hymenoptera illustrated insects instance instinct Journ larva larvæ leaf Lepidoptera light lizards London mammals markings mimetic mimicry mimics moths nature nest Nightjars observed optical Orthoptera Pará patches pigment Poulton predators prey principle Proc procryptic protective referred relation remarkable rest seen shade significant similar snakes species specimens Sphingid spider Stone-Curlew striking surface surroundings tail tegmina tion toads tone various visual warning coloration wings yellow Zool