28. Abyssinia admitted into the League of Nations.

29. Sir Louis A. Newton elected Lord Mayor of London for the

coming year.

30. The Italian Squadron left Corfu [vide August 31].

OCTOBER.

1. The Imperial Conference and the Imperial Economic Conference opened.

The Johore causeway, 3,465 feet in length, connecting Singapore island with the mainland, was opened.

Responsible Government inaugurated in Southern Rhodesia by Sir John Chancellor, the first Governor.

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The number of persons recorded on the live registers of the employment exchanges in Great Britain was 1,246,200, being 14,163 more than in the preceding week, and 239,587 less than the figure recorded on January 1.

2. Allied troops evacuated Constantinople.

3. The Rev. Dr. Walter H. Frere, of the Community of the Resurrection, Mirfield, appointed Bishop of Truro.

4. Five men were rescued alive from the Redding Pit, near Falkirk, after 214 hours' imprisonment [vide September 25].

11. The German Mark exchange reached 19,000,000,000 to the pound sterling.

An Exhibition of Australian Art was opened at Burlington House by the Duke of Connaught.

The King and Queen entertained at dinner at Buckingham Palace the Dominion and Indian delegates to the Imperial Conference.

12. The Times reported that since June 1, 1,160 cases of smallpox were registered in England and Wales.

Sir Ernest Pollock, K.B. E., K.C., appointed Master of the Rolls, in the place of Lord Sterndale.

- A gale unprecedented in fury for many years caused extraordinary scenes on the South Coast. At Dover a gigantic wave swept over the pier and dashed into a military train, smashing a carriage, and seriously injuring three men. The coast road connecting Folkestone, Sandgate, and Hythe was impassable for some hours, and a section of the wall of Sandgate Castle collapsed.

Rain came down in London incessantly for 16 hours.

13. It was announced that Lord Rothermere (the Daily Mail Trust) and Lord Beaverbrook have purchased Sir Edward Hulton's newspaper interests for the sum of 6,000,000l. Lord Beaverbrook's share is 51 per cent. of the interest in the Evening Standard.

The Fell and Rock Climbing Club handed over to the National Trust "for the use and enjoyment of the people of this land for all time," a property in the Lake District comprising nearly 3,000 acres and includ

ing that portion of land above the 1,500 feet contour line running from the Black Sail Pass (including Kirk Fell, Great Gable, Green Gable, and Brandreth) to the other side of the Styhead Pass (including Thorny. thwaite Fell, Glaramara, Allen Crags, Great End, Sprinkling Tarn, and Ling Mell). The gift was made as a Memorial to members of the Club who fell in the war.

16. The Times announced that, through the generosity of Col. and Mrs. R. W. Leonard, the historic house at No. 10 St. James's Square, at various times the residence of the Earl of Chatham, Lord Derby, and Mr. Gladstone, had been presented to the British Institute of International Affairs. The donors of the house have also presented an endowment of 8,000l.

17. The Memorial to Field-Marshal Lord Roberts in St. Paul's Cathedral was unveiled by the Duke of Connaught.

20. The Prince of Wales returned home from his trip to Canada [vide September 5].

21. A Rhine Republic proclaimed at Aix-la-Chapelle.

24. Mr. Harvey, the United States Ambassador, unveiled the Signpost at the village of Ringmer, in Surrey, with memories of which the names of William Penn and John Harvard are connected.

The Times announced that Mr. Geoffrey E. Duveen has made a gift of 10,000l. to the University of London to found a Chair of Otology, and a further gift of 15,000l. to University College Hospital for providing the most modern treatment of the deaf.

25. Foundation laid of Sukkur barrage scheme, the longest in the world. It will carry two bridges across the Indus, each more than five times the length of London Bridge; and will provide for seven canals, the largest being 205 miles long. The total estimated cost of the scheme is over 12,000,0001.

27. Last appearance after nearly sixty years of the Pall Mall Gazette, which has been merged with the Evening Standard.

29. The quartern loaf in London reduced from 9d. (price fixed on December 1, 1922) to 8d.

30. A Republic was proclaimed in Turkey.

31. At the bye-elections at Yeovil and Rutland respectively, the Conservatives retained the seats with about the same majorities as at the General Election.

October was a wet month. The amount of rainfall registered at the Rothamsted Experimental Station was 4.974 inches, an excess of 1.913 inches; the total duration of the rainfall was 79.9 hours.

NOVEMBER.

2. Mr. Harvey, the retiring United States Ambassador, left London on his return home.

3. Marriage of the Crown Prince of Sweden and Lady Louise Mountbatten.

6. The Times announced that the University of Liverpool has received a bequest under the will of Mr. William Prescott, cotton broker of Liverpool, for the founding of a Chair of Agriculture or of some cognate subject.

After seven years of prohibition, the Province of Alberta decided in favour of Government control and sale of all liquor.

8. The Imperial Conference ended.

9. The Economic Conference ended.

Mr. Lloyd George arrived at Southampton on his return from a tour in Canada and the United States and received a public welcome.

13. Armistice day fell on a Sunday and the day was solemnised in a particularly impressive manner in London and the provinces. Streams of people filed past the Cenotaph and the Unknown Warrior's Grave, and the procession continued during Monday and Tuesday.

14. Marriage of Princess Maud, niece of the King, and Lord Carnegie. - First anniversary of the official beginning of broadcasting in this country.

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Yeats.

The Nobel Prize for Literature was awarded to Mr. William Butler

Continuous rain flooded wide areas of land in the north of England, necessitating the closing of schools and factories.

15. The Times announced that the sale in New York of thirty original MSS. and printed books of Mr. Joseph Conrad realised 22,000l. 16. The fourth Parliament of King George V. was prorogued.

17. Lord Robert Cecil created a peer (Viscount Cecil of Chelwood). 19. The extension of the Hampstead Tube from Golder's Green to Hendon was opened by Sir Philip Lloyd-Greame, President of the Board of Trade. The extension is a little over a mile and a half in length, took 17 months to construct, and cost over 500,000l.

The tomb of Tutankhamen was re-opened.

23. The Rev. Dr. Cyril Charles Bowman Bardsley appointed Bishop of Peterborough.

A gift of 20,000l. has been made by Mr. Henry Barber, of Culham Court, Henley-on-Thames, to the University of Birmingham for the purpose of endowing a Chair of Law.

24. Professor H. H. Turner, of Oxford, wrote to The Times, announcing that Einstein's theory of relativity had at last received general recognition, some United States mathematicians who had hitherto been sceptical (Mr. C. E. St. John in particular) having been converted to it.

26. A new Fellowship at Christ's College, Cambridge, endowed by Mr. John Pierpont Morgan, who is a member of the College.

27. An alarming gas explosion occurred at Newington Causeway, South London, not far from the Elephant and Castle. As a result of the explosion it was found necessary to close temporarily the City and South London Railway.

29. A dinner was held at the Hotel Victoria, with Sir Donald MacAlister, President of the General Medical Council, in the Chair, to celebrate the centenary of The Lancet.

30. It was announced that Professor Alfred Fowler and Mr. G. I. Taylor had been appointed to the Research Professorships founded by Sir Alfred Yarrow [vide February 21].

DECEMBER.

2. As a result of the floods in Northern Italy, the great dam at Lake Gleno gave way and swept through the two Alpine valleys of Scalve and Camonica, carrying away numerous houses and causing the loss of several hundred lives.

Centenary of the foundation of Birkbeck College, London.

Retail price of milk in London increased to 8d. per quart.

3. Seven men were killed and forty-six injured at the Nunnery Colliery, Sheffield, through the breaking of the haulage chain while they were travelling in tubs to the workings.

5. The celebration of the centenary of the Oxford Union was planned to take place on this day, but owing to the Elections the banquet has been postponed until the New Year.

6. Polling Day. Throughout the day the weather was bright, but in the evening a thick fog settled over London, seriously marring the arrangements that had been made for announcing the results of the Elections.

12. The members of Lloyd's unanimously approved a contract for the purchase of nearly an acre of ground in the East-India Avenue Estate, in Leadenhall Street, on the site of which a hall would be built as a new home for Lloyd's.

14. The Board of Governors of the University of Toronto announced that the Rockefeller Foundation had granted the University a milliondollar endowment fund for the maintenance of the Medical Faculty of the University.

The Annual Report of the Metropolitan Water Board was issued, showing that the Board supplied a total volume of 88,810,000 gallons of water, being a daily average supply per head of 35·07 gallons.

15. An earthquake destroyed the towns of Cumbal and Chile, near the frontier of Equador.

17. After three and a half years of uninterrupted success, the run of Gay's Beggar's Opera came to an end at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith.

The number of persons recorded on the live registers of the unemployment exchanges in Great Britain was 1,137,100, being 348,778 less than on January 1.

18. The first Public Library in the borough of Marylebone was opened. 21. It was announced that the Rockefeller Foundation would make a grant of 14,000l. to the Welsh National School of Medicine, at Cardiff, for building new laboratories and clinic facilities.

B

24. The French airship Dixmude, with fifty-one men on board, was reported lost.

27. The Archbishop of Canterbury addressed a letter to the Archbishops and Metropolitans of the Anglican Communion summarising the Reunion Movement, and giving an account of various conferences and discussions between members of the English and Roman Churches at Malines under the presidency of Cardinal Mercier.

28. The agreement was issued between the President of the Air Council and the British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation, Ltd., providing for the formation of the Imperial Air Transport Company, Ltd., with an initial capital of 1,000,000l. in 17. shares.

29. The price of coal in London was advanced by 1s. a ton. Best Silkstone costs 52s. a ton, best nuts, 50s. and best gas coke, 33s.

31. Over 1,600,000 visitors came to the Zoological Gardens during 1923, so far the record total.

A serious epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease broke out in August, and from August 27 to the end of the year 1,846 outbreaks were recorded. The number of animals slaughtered in consequence of the epidemic was: cattle, 62,822; sheep, 23,631; pigs, 30,785. The gross amount of compensation estimated to be payable in respect of slaughtered animals was 1,846,0001.

In regard to human beings, The Times reported that the year was the healthiest in the history of the country. The death-rate never rose in any one week above 13.5 per 1,000; and for the whole year it averaged 11.8 per 1,000, the lowest on record.

In regard to the weather, the year was characterised by excess of rainfall and deficiency of sunshine.