(b) lines of steamships between the Province and any British or foreign country; (c) such works as, although wholly situate within the Province, are before or after their execution declared by the Parliament of Canada to be for the general advantage of Canada, or for the advantage of two or more of the Provinces; (11) the incorporation of companies with Provincial objects; (12) the solemnization of marriage in the Province; (13) property and civil rights in the Province; (14) the administration of justice in the Province, including the constitution, maintenance and organization of Provincial courts, both of civil and of criminal jurisdiction, and including procedure in civil matters in those courts; (15) the imposition of punishment, by fine, penalty or imprisonment, for enforcing any law of the Province made in relation to any matter coming within any of the classes of subjects enumerated in this section; (16) generally, all matters of a merely local or private nature in the Province. EDUCATION. 93. In and for each Province, the Legislature may exclusively make laws in relation to education, subject and according to the following provisions: (1) Nothing in any such law shall prejudically affect any right or privilege with respect to denominational schools which any class of persons have by law in the Province at the Union; (2) All the powers, privileges and duties at the Union by law conferred and imposed in Upper Canada on the separate schools and school trustees of the Queen's Roman Catholic subjects shall be and the same are hereby extended to the dissentient schools of the Queen's Protestant and Roman Catholic subjects in Quebec; (3) Where in any Province a system of separate or dissentient schools exists by law at the Union or is thereafter established by the Legislature of the Province, an appeal shall lie to the Governor-General-in-Council from any act or decision of any Provincial authority affecting any right or privilege of the Protestant or Roman Catholic minority (4) In case any such Provincial law as from time to time seems to the Governor-General-in-Council requisite for the due execution of the provisions of this section is not made, or in case any decision of the Governor-General-inCouncil on any appeal under this section is not duly executed by the proper Provincial authority in that behalf, then and in every such case, and as far only as the circumstances of each case require, the Parliament of Canada may make remedial laws for the due execution of the provisions of this section and of any decision of the Governor-Generalin-Council under this section. UNIFORMITY OF LAWS IN ONTARIO, NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK. 94. Notwithstanding anything in this Act, the Parliament of Canada may make provision for the uniformity of all or any of the laws relative to property and civil rights in Ontario, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and of the procedure of all or any of the courts in those three Provinces; and, from and after the passing of any Act in that behalf, the power of the Parliament of Canada to make laws in relation to any matter comprised in any such Act shall, notwithstanding anything in this Act, be unrestricted; but any Act of the Parliament of Canada making provision for such uniformity shall not have effect in any Province, unless and until it is adopted and enacted as law by the Legislature thereof. AGRICULTURE AND IMMIGRATION. 95. In each Province, the Legislature may make laws in relation to agriculture in the Province, and to immigration into the Province; and it is hereby declared that the Parliament of Canada may from time to time make laws in relation to agriculture in all or any of the Provinces, and to immigration into all or any of the Provinces; and any law of the Legislature of a Province relative to agriculture or to immigration shall have effect in and for the Province as long and as far only as it is not repugnant to any Act of the Parliament of Canada. VII. JUDICATURE. 96. The Governor-General shall appoint the judges of the Superior, District and County Courts in each Province, except those of the Courts of Probate in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. 97. Until the laws relative to property and civil rights in Ontario, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick and the pro the judges of the courts of those Provinces appointed by the Governor-General shall be selected from the respective bars of those Provinces. 98. The judges of the courts of Quebec shall be selected from the bar of that Province. 99. The judges of the superior courts shall hold office during good behavior, but shall be removable by the Governor-General on address of the Senate and House of Com mons. 100. The salaries, allowances and pensions of the judges of the Superior, District and County Courts (except the Courts of Probate in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick), and of the Admiralty Courts in cases where the judges thereof are for the time being paid by salary, shall be fixed and provided by the Parliament of Canada. 101. The Parliament of Canada may, notwithstanding anything in this Act, from time to time, provide for the constitution, maintenance and organization of a general Court of Appeal for Canada, and for the establishment of any additional courts for the better administration of the laws of Canada. VIII. REVENUES; DEBTS; ASSETS; TAXATION. 102. All duties and revenues over which the respective Legislatures of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick before and at the Union had and have power of appropriation, except such portions thereof as are by this Act reserved to the respective Legislatures of the Provinces, or are raised by them in accordance with the special powers conferred on them by this Act, shall form one Consolidated Revenue Fund to be appropriated for the public service of Canada, in the manner and subject to the charges in this Act provided. 103. The Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada shall be permanently charged with the costs, charges and expenses incident to the collection, management and receipt thereof, and the same shall form the first charge thereon, subject to be reviewed and audited in such manner as shall be ordered by the Governor-General-in-Council, until the Parliament otherwise provides. 104. The annual interest of the public debts of the several Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick at the Union shall form the second charge on the Consoli 105. Unless altered by the Parliament of Canada, the salary of the Governor-General shall be ten thousand pounds. sterling money of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, payable out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada, and the same shall form the third charge thereon. 106. Subject to the several payments by this Act charged on the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada, the same shall be appropriated by the Parliament of Canada for the public service. 107. All stocks, cash, bankers' balances and securities for money, belonging to each Province at the time of the Union, except as in this Act mentioned, shall be the property of Canada and shall be taken in reduction of the amount of the respective debts of the Provinces at the Union. 108. The public works and property of each Province, enumerated in the third schedule to this Act, shall be the property of Canada. 109. All lands, mines, minerals and royalties belonging to the several Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick at the Union, and all sums then due or payable for such lands, mines, minerals or royalties, shall belong to the several Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in which the same are situate or arise, subject to any trusts existing in respect thereof and to any interest other than that of the Province in the same. 110. All assets connected with such portions of the public debt of each Province as are assumed by that Province shall belong to that Province. 111. Canada shall be liable for the debts and liabilities of each Province existing at the Union. 112. Ontario and Quebec conjointly shall be liable to Canada for the amount (if any) by which the debt of the Province of Canada exceeds at the Union sixty-two million five hundred thousand dollars, and shall be charged with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum thereon. 113. The assets enumerated in the fourth schedule to this Act, belonging at the Union to the Province of Canada, shall be the property of Ontario and Quebec conjointly. 114. Nova Scotia shall be liable to Canada for the amount (if any) by which its public debt exceeds at the Union eight million dollars, and shall be charged with in Superseded by Imperial 115. New Brunswick shall be liable to Canada for the amount (if any) by which its public debt exceeds at the Union seven million dollars, and shall be charged with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum thereon. 116. In case the public debts of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick do not at the Union amount to eight million and seven million dollars respectively, they shall respectively receive, by half-yearly payments in advance, from the Government of Canada interest at five per centum per annum on the difference between the actual amounts of their respective debts and such stipulated amounts. 117. The several Provinces shall retain all their respective public property not otherwise disposed of in this Act, subject to the right of Canada to assume any lands or public property required for fortifications or for the defence of the country. 118. The following sums shall be paid yearly by Canada Act 7 Ed. 7, to the several Provinces for the support of their Governments and Legislatures: c. 11, post p. xxxvii. Ontario Nova Scotia New Brunswick Dollars. eighty thousand seventy thousand sixty thousand fifty thousand two hundred and sixty thousand; and an anuual grant in aid of each Province shall be made equal to eighty cents per head of the population as ascer tained by the census of one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, and, in the case of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, by each subsequent decennial census until the population of each of those two Provinces amounts to four hundred thousand souls, at which rate such grant shall thereafter remain; such grants shall be in full settlement of all future demands on Canada, and shall be paid half-yearly in advance to each Province; but the Government of Canada shall deduct from such grants, as against any Province, all sums chargeable as interest on the public debt of that Province in excess of the several amounts stipulated in this Act. 119. New Brunswick shall receive, by half-yearly payments in advance from Canada, for the period of ten years from the Union, an additional allowance of sixty-three thousand dollars per annum; but as long as the public debt of |