ENGLISH COMPOSITION IN PROSE AND VERSE, BASED ON GRAMMATICAL SYNTHESIS. BY WALTER SCOTT DALGLEISH, M.A. EDIN., VICE-PRINCIPAL OF DREGHORN COLLEGE. THIRD EDITION. EDINBURGH: OLIVER AND BOYD, TWEEDDALE COURT. LONDON: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, AND CO. PREFACE. THIS Book is intended as a sequel to the ordinary Text-Books on English Grammar and Analysis. It takes up the subject where analysis leaves it; and as its method is synthetical throughout, its processes form the natural and necessary complement to those of analysis. The process of grammatical Synthesis which forms the fundamental peculiarity of this work (vide § 41, et seq.), will be found to differ widely from the so-called synthesis hitherto in use. This latter process, which is little else than the conversion of a series of similar simple sentences into one complex or compound sentence, corresponds rather with what in the following pages is termed Contraction (§ 29),—an exercise which, however useful incidentally, neither requires great skill, nor conduces to much mental exertion. This work, on the contrary, aims at making the building up of sentences by Synthesis, as exact and useful a discipline as the breaking down of sentences by Analysis is now admitted to be. Accordingly, in the following exercises,— especially will this be noticed in those on complex and compound sentences,—each element in the data has a specific function to perform; so that if the sentence, constructed according to the given formula, were to be again analysed, the relations of its clauses and parts would be the same as those in the formula. It is in this sense that the synthesis here proposed forms the exact counterpart of grammatical analysis. The process, it may be added, is simply that of nature reduced to a system; for there is no one who, in making a sentence, does not, how CLASS BOOKS on WRITING, ARITHMETIC, and BOOKKEEPING, published by OLIVER AND BOYD, Edinburgh; Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., London. Practical Arithmetic for Junior Classes. By HENRY G. C. SMITH, Teacher of Arithmetic and Mathematics in George Heriot's Hospital, Edinburgh. Fcap 8vo, 64 pages, 6d. in stiff wrapper. 6th Edition. Answers to Ditto, price 6d. From the Rev. PHILIP KELLAND, A. M., F. R. SS. L. & E., late Fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, Professor of Mathematics in the University of Edinburgh. "I am glad to learn that Mr Smith's Manual for Junior Classes, the MS. of which I have examined, is nearly ready for publication. Trusting that the Illustrative Processes which he has exhibited may prove as efficient in other hands as they have proved in his own, I have great pleasure in recommending the work, being satisfied that a better Arithmetician and a more judicious Teacher than Mr Smith is not to be found." Literary Gazette.-"One of the best books of the kind we have seen. The rules are stated with clearness, and the examples are on practical every-day subjects, which cannot always be said of the exercises in books of arithmetic. The illustrative processes under each rule will facilitate the work of the pupil." Practical Arithmetic for Senior Classes; Being a Continuation of the above. By HENRY G. C. SMITH. Feap 8vo, price 2s. bound in leather. 4th Edition. Answers to Ditto, price 6d. **The Exercises in the above works, which are copious and original, have been constructed so as to combine interest with utility. They are accompanied by illustrative processes. KEY to the above, containing Solutions fully exhibiting the distinctive Processes. Fcap 8vo, price 4s. bound. English Journal of Education." There are, it must be confessed, few good books on arithmetic, but this certainly appears to us to be one of them. It is evidently the production of a practical man, who desires to give his pupils a thorough knowledge of his subject. The Rules are laid down with much precision and simplicity, and the illustrations cannot fail to make them intelligible to boys of ordinary capacity. The first subject treated of is Vulgar Fractions, and we cannot help contrasting the good sound sense displayed by the author with the meagre directions given by the Walkinghams and Dilworths of old. We should have been saved many an unhappy hour had we had Mr Smith's book as our arithmetical mentor in our juvenile days. This volume will be of great value to all who wish to revive their knowledge of the principles of arithmetic. The book is, we conceive, exceedingly well adapted to the object it has in view, and we heartily wish it success." Athenæum. Much trouble has been very profitably taken in framing examples which relate to known things, and have an actual interest." Educational Times.-"The book is practical rather than theoretical; the examples numerous, well chosen, and skilfully graduated." Book-keeping for the Class-room and Counting-house, BY DOUBLE AND SINGLE ENTRY. With Appendix on Commercial Forms. By JOHN MACLEAN, Edinburgh Academy, and Church of Scotland Training College. Fourth Edition. Price 2s. 6d. KEY, Price 4s. RULED BOOKS adapted to the Work are also kept on sale. Lessons in Arithmetic for Junior Classes. By JAMES TROTTER, late of the Scottish Naval and Military Academy. New Edition. 18mo, 66 pages, price 6d. Key to Ditto, 6d. This book was carefully revised, and enlarged by the introduction of Simple Examples of the various rules, worked out at length and fully explained, and of Practical Exercises, by the Author's son, Mr Trotter, of the Scottish Institute; and to the present edition Exercises on the proposed Decimal Coinage have been added. Uniform therewith, 76 pages, 6d., 6th Edition, Trotter's Arithmetic for Advanced Classes; Being a Continuation of the above. With Exercises on the proposed Each subject is also accompanied by an example fully worked out and minutely explained. The Exercises are numerous and practical. A Complete System of Arithmetic, Theoretical and Practical; adapted to the Use of Schools and Private ** All the 3400 Exercises in this work are new. They are applicable to the business of real life, and are framed in such a way as to lead the pupil to reason on the matter. There are upwards of 200 Examples, wrought out at length and minutely explained. A KEY to the above, price 4s. 6d. bound, containing Solutions at full length of all the Questions. Trotter's Edition of Hutton's Book-keeping. Published Separately. 12mo, 118 pages, price 2s. half-bound. Sets of Ruled Writing Books, expressly adapted for use along with Mr Trotter's Edition of Hutton's Book-keeping. Done up on fine paper. For Single Entry, per set, 1s. 6d. For Double Entry, per set, 1s. 6d. Melrose's System of Practical Arithmetic. 18mo, 211 pages, 1s. 6d. bound in leather. 36th Edition. A Key to |