Rule 1 of Order XXX of the Rules of the Supreme Court, November 1893, is hereby annulled, and the following Rule shall be substituted in lieu thereof 1.-(a.) Subject as hereinafter mentioned, in every action a summons for directions shall be taken out by the plaintiff returnable in not less than four days. (b.) Sach summons shall be taken out after appearance and before the plaintiff takes any fresh step in the action other than application for an injunction, or for a receiver, or for summary judgment under Order XIV. (c.) The summons shall be in the Form No. 3 (a.) Appendix K., with such variations as circumstances may require, and shall be addressed to and served upon all such parties to the action as may be affected thereby. (d.) This Rule shall not apply to Admiralty actions within the meaning of section thirty-four of the Judicature Act 1873, or to actions coming under the provisions of Order XVIIIA. (e.) Where under Order XVIIIA. the defendant applies for a statement of claim, the judge may deal with such application as if the plaintiff had been entitled to take out and had taken out a summons for directions. Copies of the above Draft Rule may be obtained from the Lord Chancellor's Office, House of Lords, S.W. March 9. WINSTANLEY, WILLIAM JAMES, Gracechurch-st, solicitor. Pet. March 8. Order, To surrender at their respective District Courts. BUXTON, CARISS, Burslem, hosier. Ct. Hanley, Burslem, and Tunstall. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. BAKER. WILLIAM ROBERT, Blackawton, farmer. Ct. Plymouth and East Stonehouse. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. BAMFORD, JOHN, Rochdale, commission agent. Ct. Rochdale. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. COUSINS, CHARLES HAYES, Leicester, general engineer. Ct. Leicester. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. CLARKE, WILLIAM, Filey, innkeeper. Ct. Scarborougb. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. DEARLE. ROSE ANNIE, Buckingham, milliner. Ct. Banbury. Pet. March 6. Order, March 6. DILLISTONE. ESTHER, Clare, nursery woman, widow. Ct. Cambridge. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. DOWDLE. WILLIAM HENRY, Swansea, baker. Ct. Swansea. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. GRANT, JESSIE. Dinas, innkeeper. Ct. Pontypridd. Pet. March 8 Order, March 8. GREIG, JOHN WILLIAM, Wandsworth-rd, provision dealer. Ct. Wandsworth. Pet. March 6. Order. March 6. HUNT and WATTS, St. George, boot manufacturers. Ct. Bristol. Pet. Feb. 4. Order, March 8. HARRIS, THOMAS HARDING, Stanwix, innkeeper. Ct. Carlisle. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. HENRY, JAMES, Ebbw Vale, timekeeper. Ct. Tredegar. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. LEWIS, NEBUCHADNEZZAR, Aberdare, tailor. Ct. Aberdare. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. LLOYD, EDWIN. Wednesbury, boot manufacturer. Ct. Walsall. Pet. March 9. MANNING, ALFRED, late Kidderminster, grocer. Ct. Kidderminster. Pet. Feb. 12. MAXWERL. MATTHEW DAVIES, Abergavenny, tailor. Ct. Tredegar. Pet. Feb. 26. PLATTIN, HENRY RAMM, Fakenham, chemist. Ct. Norwich. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. SCRIMSHAW, JOHN, Old Polingbroke, miller. Ct. Boston. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9. Ct. Cardiff. Pet. March 9. SEELEY, FRANCIS HENRY, Cardiff, licensed victualler. Order, March 8. Order, March 8. March 8. Order, WATSON, WILLIAM JOHN, Nottingham, solicitor. Ct. Nottingham. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. WRAY. WALTER. late Kingston-upon-Hull, butcher. Ct. Scarborough. Pet. March 8. Order, March 8. WILSON, WILLIAM, Shrewsbury, timber merchant. Ct. Shrewsbury. Pet. March 8. Order, March 8. WALBURTON, WESLEY JAMES, Bristol, accountant. Ct. Bristol. Pet. March 9. Order, March 9, YOUNGMAN, ALFRED BUSWELL, Layer Marney, keeper of home for inebriates. Ct. Colchester. Pet. March 8. Order, March 8. GAZETTE, MARCH 16. To surrender at the High Court of Justice, in Bankruptcy. GOLDSMITH, S. C., Castle-st. Oxford-st. Pet. Feb. 8. Order, March 12. ATTEWELL, ROBERT, late Leeds, confectioner. Ct. Lincoln. Pet. March 10. Order, BERRIDGE, RICHARD JAMES, Banbury, land valuer. Ct. Banbury. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. BRADY, CHRISTOPHER, late Birmingham, solicitor. Ct. Birmingham. Pet. Feb. 23. Order, March 8. BEALE. WILLIAM, Hounslow, builder. Ct. Brentford. Pet. Feb. 9. Order, March 11. BURY, RICHARD, Burnley, millwright. Ct. Burnley. Pat. March 11. Order, March 11. BUTLER, WILLIAM STANHOPE, late Liverpool, theatrical proprietor. Ct. Liverpool. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. BUTTERS. FRANCIS. Liverpool, late restaurant proprietor. Ct. Liverpool. Pet. March 5. BEAVAN, MATTHEW JOHN, Newport, Mon., sewing-machine dealer. Ct. Newport. Pet. March 11. Order, CATTERICK, JOHN, Jarrow, baker. Ct. Newcastle-on-Tyne. Pet. March 13. Order. March 13. CRANNAGE, FREDERICK, Newtown, watchmaker. Ct. Newtown. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. COWLEY, GEORGE, Malvern Link, butcher. Ct. Worcester. Pet. March 13. Order, March 18. DUNNILL, WETHERILL, Cleethorpes, late boarding-house keeper. Ct. Great Grimsby. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. DUKE, CHARLES WILLIAM, Hastings, tailor. Ct. Hastings. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. DEAR, WILLIAM CAREY, late West Bridgford, commercial traveller. Ct. Nottingham. Pet March 12. Order, March 12. DUNGATE, CHARLES EGBERT, South Bank, drugstoreman. Ct. Stockton-on-Tees and FREEMAN. WILLIAM OSBORNE, Beckington, flock manufacturer. Ct. Bath. Pet. Order, March 11. Order, March 11. FRY, FREDERICK, Melksham. farmer. Ct. Bath. Pet March 11. March 13. GARNER, WILLIAM, East Kirkby, hosiery manufacturer. March 11. Order, March 11. Ct. Nottingham. Pet. HUGHES, EVAN ROBERT, Llanberis, quarryman. Ct. Bangor. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. HEAP. WILLIAM. Leicester, laundry proprietor. Ct. Leicester. Pet. March 13. Order, March 18. HARRIS, MARKS, otherwise GOLDBLATT, late Brithdir, outfitter. Ct. Tredegar. Pet. March 10. Order, March 13. JONES, ROBERT, Carnarvon, licensed victualler. Ct. Bangor. Pet. March 11. Order, JONES, ISAAC JAMES, Cardiff, grocer. Ct. Cardiff. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. JENKINSON, JOSEPH, Oldham, brushmaker. Ct. Oldham. March 12. Pet. March 11. Order, Pet. March 12. Order, KERWOOD, CHARLES, Lydney, bootmaker. Ct. Newport, Mon. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. LEACH, GEORGE, Birmingham. journeyman wire worker. Ct. Birmingham. Pet. LATHAM, THOMAS LUKE, and LATHAM, CHARLES DAVID (trading as Thomas Latham PHEBEY, ERNEST GURNEY, Snodland, butcher. Ct. Maidstone. Pet. March 13. PARKER, JOHN, Northampton, shoe manufacturer. Ct. Northampton. Pet. March 13. Order, March 13. RICHARDSON, ROBERT WILLIAM, Stafford, baker. Ct. Stafford. Pet March 12. Order, March 12. ROBINSON, FREDERICK (trading as F. Robinson and Co.). Bradford, Yorks, firelight maker. Ct. Bradford. Pet. March 11. Order, March 11. REES, THOMAS (late trading as Thomas Rees and Co.), late Cardiff, timber merchant. Ct Cardiff. Pet. March 10. Order, March 10. SUTTON, NATHANIEL, New Bolingbroke, innkeeper. Ct. Boston. Pet. March 13. Order, March 13. SUGDEN, JOSEPH, Bradford, Yorks, hairdresser. Ct. Bradford. Pet. March 11. Order, March 11. SNELLING, CHARLES ARTHUR, Oxted, butcher. Ct. Croydon. Pet. March 11. Order, March 11. SEAGO, WILLIAM HENRY, Great Yarmouth, late smack owner. Ct. Great Yarmouth. Pet. March 13. Order, March 13. SLINGSBY, TOM CHARLES, Retford, tailor. Ct. Lincoln. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. SPRANGE, JAMES, late Maidstone, baker. Ct. Maidstone. Pet. Feb. 19. Order, March 10. SOWDEN. WILLIAM GEORGE, and SOWDEN. ALBERT, Cosham, butchers. Ct. Portsmouth. Pet. March 12. Order, March 12. TIMMINS, ERNEST EDWARD, Upper Higham, grocer. Ct. Rochester. Pet. March 11. Order, March 11. UNDERWOOD, JOHN, sen., and UNDERWOOD, JOHN, jun. (trading as Underwood and WHITWORTH, THOMAS ROBERT, Bedford, saddler. Ct. Bedford. Pet. March 10. WILKINS, GEORGE HENRY, Bristol, builder. Ct. Bristol. Pet. March 12. Order, WILLIAMS, JOHN ELIAS, Chester, draper. Ct. Chester. Pet. Feb. 26. Order, March 11. RECEIVING ORDER RESCINDED. JOHN, SARAH CATHARINE, Jeffreyston, grocer. Ct. Pembroke Dock. Order, Jan 28. FIRST MEETINGS AND PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS. BAKER, WILLIAM JOHN, jun., South Shields, artist. Ct. Newcastle-on-Tyne. Meeting, COTTINGHAM, THEODORE, Altrincham, traveller. Ct. Manchester. Meeting, March 19, DIXON, CHARLES (trading as Charles Dixon and Son), Sheffield, iron merchant. DELLA-ROCCA, STEPHEN ANTHONY, Lambeth-walk, builder. Ct. High Court. Meeting, FORBES, JOHN, Pine-rd, Cricklewood, Ct. High Court. Meeting, March 22, at 11, at GILLETTE, M. G., Gray's-inn-rd, horse-clipper maker. Ct. High Court. Meeting, GOODMAN, LOUIS HENRY, late Cromwell-rd, South Kensington. Ct. High Court. GLEAVE, WILLIAM, Warrington, warehouseman. Ct. Warrington. Meeting, March 26, HART. JOHN, late York-bldgs, John-st, Adelphi, money-lender. Ct. High Court. HIGGINS, THOMAS, Tyldesley, grocer. Ct. Bolton. Meeting, March 20, at 10.30, at 16, JONES, EDWIN PALMER, late Lynette-av, Clapham, gentleman. Ct. High Court. GAZETTE, MARCH 16. ATTEWELL, ROBERT, Leeds, late confectioner. Ct. Lincoln. Meeting, March 30, BUNNETT, ARTHUR HENRY (trading as A. H. Bunnett and Co.), Deptford, revolving- BONNETT, GEORGE, Nottingham. insurance agent. Ct. Nottingham. Meeting, BUCKLEY, EDWARD STANLEY, Oldham, hosier. Ct. Oldham. Meeting, March 23, CHAPMAN, ELIZABETH, Cardiff, furniture remover. Ct. Cardiff. Meeting, March 25, Ct. Banbury. Meeting, March 24, ELLIOTT, FRANCIS ROBERT, late Bucklersbury, secretary of public companies. Ct. FREEMAN, WILLIAM OSBORNE, Beckington, flock manufacturer. Ct. Bath. Meeting, hall, Bath. FRY, FREDERICK, Melksham, farmer. Ct. Bath. Meeting, March 24, at 1, at office of FAWCETT, LINTON WILSON, York, clerk. Ct. York. Meeting. March 26. at 12.15, at HILLYARD, JOHN, Fowkes-bldgs, Tower-st, wine broker. Ct. High Court. Meeting, HUNT and WATTS, St. George, boot manufacturers. Ct. Bristol. HARRIS, THOMAS HARDING, Stanwix, innkeeper. Ct. Carlisle. Meeting, April 5, HARRIS, WILLIAM HENRY, East Dereham, watchmaker. Ct. Norwich. Meeting, HUGHES, HUGH, Blaenau Festiniog, grocer. Ct. Portmadoc and Blaenau Festiniog. JOHNSON, GEORGE, Chigwell, farmer. Ct. Chelmsford. Meeting, March 19, at 3, at 95, Temple-chmbrs, Temple-av. Exam. April 7, at 11, at Shirehal, Chelmsford. LISTER, T., Eaton-ter, Eaton-sq. Ct. High Court. Meeting, March 19, at 11, at Bankruptcy-bldgs. Exam. April 9, at noon, at Bankruptcy-bldgs. MILBURN, GEORGE DIGGLE, and MILBURN, FRANK (trading as Diggle Milburn and Sons), Gigg, dyers. Ct. Bolton. Meeting, March 19, at 11, at 16, Wood-st, Bolton. Exam. March 22, at 11, at Court-house, Bolton. MARENDAZ, RICHARD EMANUEL, Port Talbot, farmer. Ct. Neath. Meeting. March 23, at 11.45, at Castle hotel, Neath. Exam. April 13, at 11.30, at Townhall, Neath. PEART, THOMAS GEORGE, Lewes, draper. Ct. Lewes and Eastbourne. Meeting, March 19, at 3, at 24, Railway-approach, London Bridge. Exam. May 5, at 11.30, at County-hall, Lewes. RICHARDS, EDWIN, Ashburn-mews, Gloucester-rd, South Kensington, bootmaker. Ct. High Court. Meeting, March 22, at 2.30, at Bankruptcy-bldgs. Exam. April 2, KEDWARD, ANTHONY, Aberdare, late contractor. Ct. Aberdare. Meeting, March 24, at noon at Bankruptcy-bldgs. at 2, at 65, High-st, Merthyr Tydfill. Exam. April 26, at 10.30, at Temperance-hall, Aberdare. SMITH, GEORGE BROWN, Bognor, late grocer. Ct. Brighton. Meeting, March 22, KESSEN, EDWARD HAMBROOK THOMSON, Manchester, architect. Ct. Manchester. at 3, at Royal Norfolk hotel, Bognor. Exam. April 1, at 11, at Court-house, Brighton. Meeting, March 25, at 3, at office of Off. Rec. Manchester. Exam. March 29, at 11, at Court-house, Manchester. SINCLAIR, THOMAS BLYTHE (trading as Sinclair and Ellwood), Liverpool, ship store Ct. Edmonton. dealer. Ct. Liverpool. LYLE, FRANCIS THOMAS, Stoke Newington, draper. Meeting, March 23, at 2, at office of Off Rec. Liverpool. Meeting. Exam. March 25, at 11, &t Court-house, Liverpool. March 23, at 3, at 53, Bankruptcy-bldgs. Exam. April 5, at 11.30, at Court-house, Edmonton. TUGWELL, JESSE, Maidstone, labourer. Ct. Maidstone. Meeting, March 31, at 11, at Exam. March 31, at noon, at Sessions-house, office of Off. Rec. Maidstone. Maidstone. TRUMPER. ENOCH, Woore, grocer. Ct. Nantwich and Crewe. Meeting, March 20, at 11.15, at office of Off. Rec. Newcastle-under-Lyme. Exam. March 26, at 11, at Court-room, Crewe. TOWNSEND, GEORGE, Tenby, boot dealer. Ct. Pembroke Dock. Meeting, March 20, THOMAS, DAVID. Blaenllecha, butcher. Ct. Pontypridd. Meeting, March 19, at 3, at WADSWORTH, JOSEPH, Warrington, late provision dealer. Ct. Warrington. Meeting, WATKINSON, ANNE (trading as W. J. Watkinson and Co.), plumber. Ct. Liverpool. WATKINSON, JAMES FREDERIC. Southport, painter's manager. Ct. Liverpool. WRAY, WALTER, late Kingston-upon-Hull, butcher. Ct. Scarborough. Meeting, Ct. Shrewsbury. Meeting, WILSON, WILLIAM, Shrewsbury, timber merchant. YOUNGMAN, ALFRED BUSWELL, Layer Marney, keeper of a home for inebriates. Ct. Ct. Cambridge. Meeting, March 31, MILLER, WILLIAM VICTOR, Bourn, farmer. REES, THOMAS (late trading as Thomas Rees and Co ), Cardiff, timber merchant. STEED, THOMAS, Marden, haulier. Ct. Hereford, Meeting, March 26, at 10, at 2, Boston. SHARP, JOHN, Desford, butcher. Ct. Leicester. Meeting, March 23, at 12.30, at office SPRANGE, JAMES, Maidstone, baker. Ct. Maidstone. Meeting. March 31, at 10.30, at THOMAS, LEURS, Hay, timber merchant. Ct. Hereford. Meeting, March 26, at 10, WELSH, HENRY WILLIAM, late_Brighton, builder. Ct. Tunbridge Wells. Meeting, WORTH, THOMAS, Barnsley, innkeeper. Ct. Barnsley. Meeting, March 25, at 10.15, at office of Off. Rec. Barnsley. Exam. March 25, at 10.45, at County Court-hall, Barnsley. WALBURTON, WESLEY JAMES, Bristol, accountant. Ct. Bristol. Meeting, March 24, WILBY, JOHN ALFRED, late Leeds, reed and heald manufacturer. Ct. Leeds. Meeting, WOOD, JOHN (trading as Wood Brothers), Leeds. pianoforte dealer. Ct. Leeds. Meeting, March 24, at 11, at office of Off. Rec. Leeds. Exam. April 13, at 11, at County Court-house, Leeds. WARK, ROBERT, Lincoln, travelling draper. Ct. Lincoln. Meeting. March 30, at noon, at office of Off. Rec. Lincoln. Exam. March 30, at 3, at Sessions-house, Lincoln. ADJUDICATIONS. GAZETTE, MARCH 12. ANDERSON, EMILY JANE, late Maidenhead, widow. Ct. Windsor. Order. March 4. BAMFORD, JOHN, Rochdale, commission agent. Ct. Rochdale. Order, March 9. CORNISH, RICHARD, Wells, farmer. Ct. Wells. Order, March 9. Order, HARRIS, THOMAS HARDING, Stanwix, innkeeper. Ct. Carlisle. Order, March 9. HENRY, JAMES, Ebbw Vale, timekeeper. Ct. Tredegar. Order, March 9. LEWIS, NEBUCHADNEZZAR, Aberdare, tailor. Ct. Aberdare Order, March 10. PAULL, JOHN, Crewkerne, draper. Ct. Yeovil. Order, March 9. BERRIDGE. RICHARD JAMES, Milton, land valuer. Ct. Banbury. Order, March 12. BUTLER, WILLIAM STANHOPE (trading as Butler Stanhope), late Birkenhead, theatrical proprietor. Ct. Liverpool. Order, March 12. BUTTERS, FRANCIS, Liverpool, late restaurant proprietor. Ct. Liverpool. Order, March 11. BEAVAN, MATTHEW JOHN, Newport, Mon., sewing machine dealer. Ct. Newport. Order, March 13. BAKER, WILLIAM ROBERT, Blackawton, farmer. Ct. Plymouth and East Stonehouse. Order. March 12. CRAVEN, THOMAS, Bradford, Yorks, plasterer. Ct. Bradford. Order March 11. DUKE, CHARLES WILLIAM, Hastings, tailor. Ct. Hastings. Order, March 12. DUNGATE, CHARLES EGBERT, South Bank, drugstoreman. Ct. Stockton-on-Tees and FRY, FREDERICK, Melksham, farmer. Ct. Bath. Order. March 11. FISHER, THOMAS, Plumstead, boot dealer. Ct. Greenwich. Order, March 12. GRIFFIN, DANIEL, New-rd, Whitechapel-rd, late confectioner. Ct. High Court. Order, March 13. GOLDSMITH, EDMUND FREDERICK, Orpington, publican. Ct. Croydon. Order, March 11. GAMBLE, WILLIAM HENRY, Kettering, grocer. Ct. Northampton. Order, March 13. GARNER, WILLIAM, East Kirkby, hosiery manufacturer. Ct. Nottingham. Order, March 11. GRANT, JESSIE, Dinas, innkeeper, spinster. Ct. Pontypridd, Order, March 12. HEWITT, EDWIN, Oxford-st, draper. Ct. High Court. Order, March 12. JONES, EDWIN PALMER, Lynette-av, Clapham, gentleman. Ct. High Court. Order, JONES, ROBERT, Carnarvon, licensed victualler. Ct. Bangor. Order, March 11. MAXWELL, MATTHEW DAVIES, Abergavenny, tailor. Ct Tredegar. Order, March 13, PARKER, JOHN, Northampton, shoe manufacturer. Ct. Northampton. March 13. Order, RICARDO, AARON, Hounsditch, toy dealer. Ct. High Court. Order, March 12. SLINGSBY, TOM CHARLES, Retford, tailor. Ct. Lincoln. Order, March 12. SOWDEN, WILLIAM GEORGE, and SOWDEN, ALBERT (trading as Sowden Brothers), March 11. Order, TOOLE, WILLIAM, Floral-st, fruit salesman. Ct. High Court. Order, March 11. NEW ENGLISH BANK OF THE RIVER PLATE LIMITED, St. Swithin's-la. Ct. High Court. Last day for proofs, April 2. Liquidator, George Stapylton Barnes, at 33, Carey-st. NOTICE OF RELEASE OF LIQUIDATOR. WILLIAM MOORE AND CO. LIMITED, Oldham, Ct. Oldham. Liquidator, Robert BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS. BIRTH. JONES. On the 8th inst.. at 13, Montrell-rd, Streatham-hill, S. W., the wife of Stephen A. Jones, Solicitor, of a son. MARRIAGES. EVANS CHEATLE.-On the 13th inst., at St. George's, Hanover-sq. William Evans, of Cornwall_Lodge, Regent's-park, and of the Inner Temple, Barrister-at-law, to Frances Louisa, only daughter of the late George Cheatle, Esq., and of Mrs. Cheatle, of 117, Harley-st, W. TURNER-BLASSON.-On the 2nd inst., at the Church of the Annunciation, Bryanstonst, Portman-sq. Charles Rushton, youngest son of W. Barrow Turner, J.P., D.L., of Ponsonby-liall, Cumberland, to Louie Mary Catherine, daughter of Thos. Blasson, Esq., of Billingboro, Lincolnshire. DEATHS. CHANDLER.-On the 6th inst., at Melville Villa, Overhill-road, Dulwich, Richard Chandler, Solicitor, of Bishopsgate, E C., in his 61st year. Cox. On the 10th inst., at Marl Field House, Tonbridge, Kent, His Honour Judge Homersham Cox, M. A., J.P., aged 75 years. KEIGHLEY.-On the 7th inst., at Intake-rd, Sheffield. Alice Maud Mary, youngest daughter of the late George Walter Keighley. Solicitor, of Ironmonger-la, F.C. SYLVESTER, On the 15th inst.. at Hertford-st, Mayfair, James J. Sylvester, F.R.S., Hon. D.C.L., Savilian Professor of Geometry in the University of Oxford, in his 83rd year. WHITELEY.-On the 10th inst.. at 9, Trevor-ter, S. W., Georgiana Louisa Whiteley, last surviving child of the late George Whiteley, of the Middle Temple, Barristerat-law, and of 9. Trevor-ter. aged 51. WHITE. On the 14th inst., at 13, Cross-st, Ryde, I, of W., Thomas White, Solicitor, aged 65. Cox's CRIMINAL LAW CASES: In the Court of Criminal Appeal, the Superior Courts, the Central Criminal Court, at the Assizes, and in Ireland (published quarterly). Edited by R. Cunningham Glen, M.A., LL.B., Barrister-at-Law. The Parts and Volumes may still be had to complete sets. It is the only complete set of Criminal Cases published in England. An Appendix contains a valuable collection of Precedents of Indictments. Complete Vols. from the commencement (1844) of this work can be had. Price can be obtained on application.-HORACE Cox, "Law Times" Office, Bream's-buildings, E.C.-[ADVT-] To Readers and Correspondents. All communications must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Anonymous communications are invariably rejected. All communications intended for the Editorial Department should, in order to prevent delay, be addressed to the "EDITOR OF THE LAW TIMES." Advertisements, orders for papers, &c., should be kept distinct, and addressed to the Publisher, Mr. HORACE Cox, Law Times" Office, Windsor House, Bream's-buildings, E.C. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. Four lines of thirty words, or less than thirty words, in body type 38. 6d. Os. 6d. For three insertions a reduction of 10 per cent.; for six insertions a reduction of 20 per cent. 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SUPREME COURT OF JUDICATURE. Re ROBINSON; WRIGHT r. TUGWELL. -Legality-Long usage Re THE LONDON HEALTH ELECTRICAL Winding-up-Creditor's petition- Re THOMAS EDWARD BRINSMEAD AND SONS LIMITED.-Company-Winding-up-Just and equitable"Substratum of business gone...... VISCOUNT HILL. DOWAGER VISCOUNTESS HILI.-Trust-Precatory trust-Words of request-Construc tion HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE. CHANCERY DIVISION. FLETCHER v. NOKES.--Landlord and tenant-Re-entry or forfeitureBreach of covenant Notice 95 98 100 COMMENTS ON CASES | OCCASIONAL NOTES... 103 "specifying the particular breach complained of "-Form of notice... 107 HEIMBS . NEWCASTLE CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY. Practice Parties CRIMINAL LAW AND THE JURISDICTION OF MAGISTRATES. Quarter Sessions 490 492 COUNTY COURTS. Sittings of the 493 115 to lessee Re TURNER; BARKER. IVIMEY.Trustee-Investment-Mortgage of undivided shares in trade premises -China clay works-No valuation.. 116 QUEEN'S BENCH DIVISION. CALE v. JAMES.-Husband and wifeSummary jurisdiction-Summary proceedings for separation-Costs -Jurisdiction of County Court...... 119. Vol. CII.-No. 2817. BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS... 500 Nearly ready, demy 8vo., 500pp, price 10s. 6d. 'WHERE to FIND your LAW." Being a Discursive Bibliographical Essay upon the Various Divisions and Sub-Divisions of the Law of England and the Statutes, Reports of Cases, and Text-Books containing such Law, with Appendices for Facilitating Reference to all Statutes and Reports of Cases, and with a full Index. By ERNEST ARTHUR JELF. M.A., of New College,, Oxford, Barrister-at-Law of the Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, and of the South-Eastern Circuit. HORACE COX, "Law Times" Office, Windsor House, Bream's-buildings, E.C. The Law and the Lawyers. THE Annual General Meeting of the Bar will be held on Tuesday, the 4th May next, in the Old Dining Hall, Lincoln's-inn, at half-past four. THE Victoria Pension Fund of the Incorporated Law Society has reached nearly £1800. IN the resignation of Mr. Justice CHARLES the Bench loses one of its youngest and ablest members. That ill-health should cause his retirement after less than ten years of service will be generally regretted. How quickly some members of the Bar rise and disappear was graphically recalled by Mr. WILLIS on the occasion of his dinner. He had led Lord BowEN as a junior barrister; he had been led by Lord Justice THESIGER now in his grave for seventeen years; whilst he had seen the rise of Sir GEORGE JESSEL, and his great career of nine years as a judge, and he has been dead fourteen years. So pass the most imposing of us. THE Government is now alive to the unfairly prolonged detention of prisoners awaiting trial. To obviate this it is necessary that quarter sessions should have enlarged jurisdiction and sit as frequently as required, and that assizes should be held at shorter and regular intervals. This reform is imperative, but, nevertheless, is only part of the reforms of which our judicial system sadly stands in need. A BILL for the establishment of a Court of Criminal Appeal (for the revision of sentences) was before the House of Commons on Wednesday. The second reading was moved by Mr. PICKERSGILL and seconded by Sir ALBERT ROLLIT. The latter expressed the view that the absence of a Court of Criminal Appeal is a great blot upon our jurisprudence, Sir ROBERT REID gave his hearty support, and the HOME SECRETARY Could not see any strong reason for opposing the Bill, which was read a second time by a majority of 40. Ar the dinner to his Honour Judge WILLIS, Q.C., the ATTORNEY-GENERAL said that the CHANCELLOR was to be congratulated upon finding men of Mr. WILLIS's character and capacity to accept County Court judgeships. THE dinner was a conspicuous success. The guest of the evening indicated the cause of his success-an invariable and burning desire to succeed in whatever he undertook. In the words of a great writer, he advised young barristers not to take down their shutters before they had something in the shop window, to know their law at Nisi Prius, and never to talk slang in court. This is very excellent advice. WE doubt whether stagnation in the Queen's Bench Division has ever so steadily prevailed as during the present sittings. For days and weeks little progress has been made with the lists, and the return of judges from circuit was at once marked by the requirements of the House of Lords, which took away seven. The Profession has experienced a conse quent depression of a very severe kind. THE abuse of Order XIV. is becoming so serious as to attract the attention of the judges. The primary object of the procedure to secure summary judgment in actions of debt to which there is no substantial defence-is an excellent one. When that is made subordinate to other objects, such as getting on oath a defendant's defence and evidence at an early stage, the evil may be great. A high authority has intimated that it may be necessary to stop this kind of thing. Another misuse of the machinery arises when a plaintiff who would never enter a witness-box launches an affidavit full of prejudice, and secures payment into court or judgment in default. We think it should be necessary in such cases for the cause to be entered for preliminary hearing in court. The longer we live, however, the clearer it becomes that our new methods are full of vices from which the old system was free. THE trouble about the country cases which are brought to London threatens to become serious. Mr. Justice HAWKINS continues to comment upon what he conceives to be an attack upon the circuit system; but he fails to inquire the reason of this, which is that the circuit arrangements are not satisfactory. The single judge system has proved to a large extent a failure; the times fixed for the several places are sometimes too long, sometimes too short, which means that business is uncertain. Long cases may be thrown over or hurried at great loss to all parties. If the assize system was satisfactory parties would of course try where they live-as they do in County Courts. The reflection rests upon the assize system, not upon the parties or their advisers, who have recourse to the tribunal where it is most to be relied upon. Those who come to London adopt the least of two evils, and we cannot see that they can be blamed, or that any complaint is well founded. THE personnel of the County Court Bench is worthy of notice. The judges number 55. Of these 11 have been there for 20 years or over, their Honours Judge STONOR and Judge TURNER having respectively occupied their positions for 32 and 29 years. The majority of the appointments, however, are of recent date, for, during the last six years, 29 new judges have been placed on the Bench, of which no less than 13 were "silks." The tendency of late years has been to appoint members of the Inner Bar to seats on the County Court Bench, for, since the commencement of 1895, of the 12 judges appointed, only 4 were selected from the Outer Bar. THE Government have made an excellent concession to public and professional opinion in the exercise of their judicial patronage in Ireland. The County Court judgeship of the county of Down became vacant, and it was generally known that Mr. WALKER CRAIG, Q.C., was likely to be appointed. Strong representations were made in the House of Commons and the Press that Mr. CRAIG, to whose personal and professional qualifications for a judicial post no exception was or could be taken, should not be selected for this appointment on the ground that he had twice been a Parliamentary candidate in contests for the county Down, that he was even then a selected Parliamentary candidate for a division of that county, and that it was inexpedient that a gentleman who had been so involved in politics should adjudicate between litigants who most undoubtedly should be classed either as his political friends or his opponents. The Government have appointed another gentleman who was already a County Court judge to the county Down, and have conferred on Mr. CRAIG the vacancy thus created. The principle thus acknowledged is not novel. When Mr. CURRAN, who was at the time Master of the Rolls in Ireland, received a requisition to contest the borough of Newry in this very county of Down, he wrote a letter in which he clearly appreciated the delicacy of the relations between a man occupying a judicial position and his political supporters or opponents. "I know," he said, "that you will not impute to want of most profound respect for you the determination I have formed of not soliciting the vote of an individual. I cannot run the risk of soliciting a suitor in the character of an elector, for to do so would not befit my judicial situation." PACIFIC BLOCKADE. SIR HENRY MAINE once said that it was impossible to overstate the value of Roman Law as a key to International Law. But pacific blockade, being a modern branch of the law of reprisals, is a growth of the second quarter of this century, and has no precedent except in very recent times. Prof. Holland, in his letter to the Times on the 8th March instant, only recorded the unanimous judgment of writers on International Law, when he said that "the practice of pacific blockade is comparatively modern, dating only from 1827." It may be said to have steadily risen in the estimate of writers on International Law since its first inception, when it was undoubtedly treated as an anomalous exercise of belligerent rights in time of peace. A recent publicist, M. Frantz Despagnet, in a work entitled "Cours de Droit International Public," published at Paris in 1896, after saying that pacific blockade was profoundly illogical, because it was an act of belligerency executed by a state which would not recognise a condition of war, proceeds to state: "Ainsi que le disait pittoresquement un diplomat turc apres la bataille de Navarino, C'est comme si, en cassant la tête d'un homme, on l'assurait en même temps de son amitié; un pareil procédé ne serait-il pas fou?" But Prof. T. E. Holland, in the letter which has been referred to, showed that in its mitigated form, as directed only against ships of the quasi-enemy, pacific blockade has received the substantially unanimous approbation of the Institut de Droit International at Heidelberg in 1887, after a very interesting debate, in which the advocates of the practice were led by M. Perels, of the Prussian Admiralty, and its detractors by Prof. Geffcken. These will be quoted later; but it is perhaps of interest to note Prof. Holland's definition of pacific blockade: "A pacific blockade is one of the various methods-generically described as reprisals, such as 'embargo,' or seizure of ships on the high seas-by which, without resort to war, pressure, topographically or otherwise limited in extent, may be put upon an offending state." Omitting the controversial points of Prof. Holland's letter, it proceeds: "The opinion of statesmen and jurists upon this point has undergone a change, and this because the practice known as pacific blockade has itself changed. The practice was at first directed against ships under all flags, and ships arrested for a breach of pacific blockade were at one time confiscated, as they would have been in time of war. It has been purged of these As defects as the result of discussions, diplomatic and scientific. now understood, the blockade is enforced only against vessels belonging to the quasi-enemy, and even such vessels when arrested are not confiscated, but merely detained until the blockade is raised. International Law does not stand still, and having some acquaintance with continental opinion on the topic under consideration, I read with amazement M.'s assertion that the majority in number, the most weighty in authority of the writers on International Law, have never failed to protest against such practices as indefensible in principle.' The fact is, that the objections made, e.g., by Lord Palmerston in 1846, and by several writers of text-books to pacific blockade, had reference to the abuses connected with the earlier stage of its development. It is true that in an earlier edition of his work upon International Law, by my learned friend Mr. Hall, he did use the words attributed to him by M. It is difficult to see how a pacific blockade is justifiable. But many things, notably Lord Granville's correspondence with France in 1884, and the blockade of the Greek coast in 1886, have occurred since these words were written." The Chichele Professor of International Law thus called attention to the following passage of the latest edition of "International Law," by W. E. Hall, M.A., "Pacific blockade, like any other practice, may be abused. But subject to the limitation that it shall be felt only by the blockaded country, it is a convenient practice, it is a mild one in its effect even upon that country, and it may sometimes be of use as a measure of international police, when hostile action would be inappropriate, and no action less stringent would be effective": (edit. 1890, part ii. c. 11, p. 372). A note on the same page of Mr. Hall's work makes clear the divergence that exists among publicists as to the justifiability of pacific blockade: Pistoye and Duverdy (Traité des Prises Maritime, ii. 376-8), and Woolsey (art. 119) deny the existence of a right to enforce pacific blockade, but their minds were fixed upon its earlier form" (For objections to pacific blockade from a modern point of view, cf. M Frantz Despagnet's "Cours de Droit International Public " (1894). Mr. Hall's note continues: "Heffter (art. 111), Calvo (art. 1591), and Cauchy (ii. 428), pronounce in favour of it. Bluntschli (art. 506-7) approves of the practice on condition that the blockade shall be so conducted as not to touch third states. Von Bulmerincq (Holzendorff's Handbuch, 1889, vol. iv. art. 127) unwittingly admits it as being, at any rate, a less evil than war." Among modern publicists, Mr. Lawrance, in his "Principles of International Law (1896), and M. Alphonse Rivier, Consul-General of the Swiss Confederation, Professor in the University of Brussels, Honorary Professor in the University of Lausanne, in his "Principes du Droit des Gens (Paris, 1896), have pronounced an opinion on pacific blockade entirely in harmony with the favourable view that Professor T. E. Holland assumed in his letter to the Times of the Sth inst. Mr. Lawrance |