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INDEX TO VOL. I.

INDEX TO VOL. I.

NOTE.-In this Index the names in Italics all refer to fossil genera or families
mentioned in Part II. The systematic names of genera and families occurring in
almost every page of Part III. are not given, as they would unnecessarily swell
the Index ; but they can be readily referred to by the Class or Order, or by the
Geographical Division (Region or Sub-region) under which they occur. They
will, however, all be found in the General Index, with a reference to the page (in
Vol. II., Part IV.) where a systematic account of their distribution is given.

A.

Aardvark of East Africa, figure of, 261
Accipitres, European Eocene, 168
Accipitres, classification of, 97

range of Palæarctic genera of, 248
range of Ethiopian genera of, 312
range of Oriental genera of, 385

range of Australian genera of, 486
Acerotherium, European Miocene, 119

N. American Tertiary, 136
Achanodon, N. American Tertiary, 138
Acotherium, European Eocene, 126
Adapis, European Eocene, 125
Ælurogale, European Eocene, 125
Æpyornis, of Madagascar, 164
Æshna, from the Lias, 167
Agnopterus, European Eocene, 169
Agriochorus, N. American Tertiary, 138
Agrion, from the Lias, 167
Alcephalus, Indian Miocene, 122
Aldabra Islands, land-tortoises of, 289
Aletornis, N. American Eocene, 163
Algeria, Post-Pliocene deposits and caves of,

111
Allen, Mr. J. A., on Zoological regions, 61

objections to his system of circumpolar

zones, 67
objections to his zoo-geographical nomen-

clature, 68
Altai.mountains, fossils in caves, 111
Amblyrhiza, Pliocene of Antilles, 148
America, recent separation of North and

South, 40
extinct mammalia of, 129

North, Post-Pliocene fauna of, 129
Amomys, N. American Tertiary, 134
Amphechinus, European Miocene, 117
Amphibin, means of dispersal of, 28

classification of, 100
peculiar to Palæarctic region, 186
of Central Europe, 196
of the Mediterranean sub-region, 205
of Siberian sub-region, 220
VOL. I.-33

Amphibia, of the Manchurian sub-region, 226

table of Palearctic families of, 237
of the Ethiopian region, 256
of West Africa, 264
South African, 268
of Madagascar, 280
table of Ethiopian families of, 298
of the Oriental region, 317
of the Indian sub-region, 326
of Ceylon, 327
of Indo-Chinese sub-region, 331
of Indo-Malay sub-region, 340
table of Oriental families of, 369
of the Australian region, 397
resemblances of Australian and South

American, 400
of New Guinea, 416

of New Zealand, 457
Amphibos, Indian Miocene, 122
Amphicyon, European Miocene, 118

Indian Miocene, 121

N. American Tertiary, 134
Amphimericidæ, European Miocene, 119
Amphimoschus, European Miocene, 120
Amphisorex, European Miocene, 118
Amphitragulus, European Miocene, 120
Anastoma, European Tertiary, 169
Anchilophus, European Eocene, 125
Anchippodus, N. American Eocene, 139
Anchippus, N. American Tertiary, 135
Anchitherúla, N. American Tertiary, 135
Anchitherium, European Miocene, 119

European Eocene, 125

N. American Tertiary, 135
Ancient fauna of New Zealand, 459
Ancylotherium, Miocene of Greece, 116

European Miocene, 121
Andaman Islands, zoology of, 338

probable past history of, 834
Andreas, European Miocene, 165
Animal kingdom, primary divisions of, 85
Animals, developinent of, affecting distribu-

tion, 7
dispersal and migration of, 10

Azores, butterflies of, 207

beetles of, 207, 209
peculiarly modified birds of, 207
stragglers to, 208
how stocked with animal life, 208

B

Animals, rapid multiplication of, 10
Anisacodon, Y. American Tertiary, 137
Anoa of Celebes, peculiarities of, 428
Anoplotheriidæ, European Miocene, 119
Anoplotherium, European Miocene, 119

European Eocene, 126

S. American Eocene, 148
Anseres, arrangement of, 98

peculiar Palæarctic genera, 250
peculiar Ethiopian genera of, 313

peculiar Australian genera of, 487
Antelopes in the Indian Miocene deposits, 122

birthplace and migrations of, 155

Palæarctic, 182
Antelotherium, Indian Miocene, 122
Anthracotherido, N. American Tertiary, 137
Anthracotherium, European Miocene, 119
Antiacodon, N. American Tertiary, 133
Antilles, Pliocene Mammalia of, 148
Antilope, Post-Pliocene, 112

in Brazilian caves, 144
Antiquity of the genera of insects, 166

of the genera of land and freshwater

shells, 168
Aphanapteryx of Mauritius, 164
Aphelotherium, European Eocene, 125
Aquila, European Miocene, 161
Archæopteryx, Bavarian (olite, 163
Arctic zone not a separate region, 68
Arctocyon, European Eocene, 125
Arctodus, N. American Post-Pliocene, 130
Arctomys, European Pliocene, 113
Arctotherium in Brazilian caves, 144

S. American Pliocene, 146
Argus pheasant, figure of, 339

peculiarity in display of plumage, and
confirmation of Mr. Darwin's views,

340
Artiodactyla, European Eocene, 126

N. American Tertiary, 137

S. American Pliocene, 146
Arvicola, European Pliocene, 113

in Brazilian caves, 145
S. American Pliocene, 147

8. American Eocene, 148
Archena, N. American Post-Pliocene, 130
Auckland Islands, birds of, 455
Australia, physical features of, 387
Australia and $. America, supposed land con-

nection between, 393
Australian region, description of, 387

zoological characteristics of, 390
mammalia of, 390
birds of, 391
reptiles of, 396
amphibia of, 397
fresh-water fish of, 397
summary of vertebrata of, 297
supposed land-connection of with S. Ame-

rica, 398
insects of, 403
lepidoptera of, 404
coleoptera of, 405
land shells of, 407
sub-regions of, 408

early history of, 465
Australian sub-region, mammalia of, 438

illustration of mammalia of, 439
birds of, 440

illustration of fauna of, 441
Austro-Malayan sub-region, physical features

of, 388

zoology of, 409
Aye-aye, figure of, 278
Azores, visited by European birds, 17

birds of, 207

Babirusa of Celebes, peculiarities of, 42s
Badger, figure of, 195
Balæna, European Pliocene, 112
Balvenodon, European Pliocene, 112
Baly, Mr., on Phytophaga of Japan, 230
*Banca, its pecnliar species and solution of a

problem in distribution, 356
Barriers, as affecting distribution, 6

permanence of, as affecting distribution, 7

to the dispersal of birds, 17
Bates, Mr., on Carabidæ of Japan, 228

on Longicorns of Japan, 230
Bathmodon, N. American Tertiary, 13€
Bathrodon, N. American Tertiary, 133
Batrachia, Tertiary, 165
Bats, powers of flight of, 15

classification of, 87

of New Zealand, 450
Bears, probable cause of absence of, from

tropical Africa, 291
Beaver, N. American Tertiary, 140
* Beetles, families selected for study, 103

from the Lias, 167
of Azores, 207

of Japan, 228
Belemnoziphius, European Pliocene, 112
Belt, Mr., his theory of a great Siberian lake

during the glacial epoch, 218
on change of climate caused by diminu-

tion of obliquity of ecliptic, 466
Birds, means of dispersal of, 15

dispersal of by winds, 16
American, found in Europe, 16
reaching the Azores, 17
barriers to dispersal of, 17
limited by forests, 17
classification of, 93
Miocene of Greece, 116
extinct, 160
fossil of Palæarctic region, 161
European of Miocene period, 161
Eocene of Europe, 162
relations of, 162
extinct of North America, 163
recently extinct in New Zealand, 164
Cretaceous of N. America, 164
remains of in Brazilian caves, 164
recently extinct in Madagascar and the

Mascarene Islands, 164
cosmopolitan groups of, 176
numerous genera, Palæaretic, 183
of the European sub-region, 193
northern range of in Europe, 193
of the zone of pine forests, 194
of Iceland, 198
of the Mediterranean sub-region, 203
of Malta, 206 (note)
of Azores, 207
of the Cape Verd Islands, 215
of Siberian sub-region, 219
Oriental found in Siberia, 219
extreme northern Asiatic. 219
of northern Asiatic forests, 220
of the Manchurian sub-region, 223
Palæarctic genera of, in the Manchurian

sub-region, 224

Bunælurus, N. American Tertiary, 134
Buprestidium, Oolitic insect, 167
Butterflies, arrangement of, 103

Palæarctic, 187
of Central Europe, 196
of the Mediterranean sub-region, 205
of Azores, 207
peculiar to Siberian sub-region, 220
of Japan and North China, 227
of the Ethiopian region, 255
number of Ethiopian species, 256
of Indo-Malay sub-region, 342
of the Australian region, 404
of the Austro-Malay sub-region, 404
of the Moluccas, 419
of Celebes, peculiarities of, 434
of New Zealand, 457

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Birds, Oriental genera of, in the Manchurian

sub-region, 224
characteristic of N.W. China and Mon-

golia, 226
table of Palæarctic families of, 235
of West Africa, 243
list of Palæaretie genera of, 243
of the Ethiopian region, 253
of the East African sub-region, 260
S. African, 267
genera of, peculiar to Madagascar, 275
common to Madagascar and Oriental or

Ethiopian regions, 276
species common to Madagascar and Africa

or Asia, 277
table of Ethiopian families of, 295
table of Ethiopian genera of, 306
of the Oriental region, 316
of the Indian sub-region, 323
Oriental genera of in Central India, 324
Palæarctic and Ethiopian genera in

Central India, 325
of Ceylon, 327
of Indo-Chinese subregion, 330
of Indo-Malayan sub-region, 337
illustration of peculiar Malayan, 339
of the Philippine Islands, 346
table of Oriental families of, 366
table of Oriental genera of, 375
of Australian region, 391
specially organized Australian families of,

392
of the Papuan Islands, 410
peculiarities of, 413
brilliant colours of, 413
remarkable forms of, 414
of the Moluccas, 418
peculiarities of, 421
of Timor group, 423
of Celebes, 428
of Australia, 440
of New Zealand, 451
peculiar to New Zealand, 452
of Norfolk Island, 453
of Lord Howe's Island, 453
of the Chatham Islands, 454
of the Auckland Islands, 455
table of families of Australian, 471

table of genera of Australian, 478
Black ape of Celebes, 427
Blanford, Mr. W. T., on the “ Indian"

region, 60
on relations of Indian sub-region with

Africa, 321
Blapsidium, Oolitic insect, 167
Blyth, Mr., on zoological regions, 60

on the relations of Indian sub-region with

Africa, 321
Borneo, probable recent changes in, 357
Bos, Post-Pliocene, 112

Indian Miocene, 122
Bourbon, zoology of, 280

reptiles of, 281
Bovidæ, European Miocene, 120
Brachymys, European Miocene, 120
Brumatherium, Miocene of Perim Island, 122
Brazilian cave-fauna, 143

remarks on, 145
Breyeria borinensis, carboniferous insect, 168
Britain, peculiar species in, 197
British Isles, zoology of, 197
Broad-bill, Malayan, figure of, 340
Brontotherida, N. American Tertiary, 137
Brontotherium, N. American Tertiary, 137
Bubo, European Miocene, 162
Bulimus, Eocene, 169

Cadurcotherium, European Eocene, 125
Calodon, in Brazilian caves, 145
Calogenys, in Brazilian caves, 144
Canopithecus, European Eocene, 124
Cainotherium, European Miocene, 120

European Eocene, 126
Calamodon, N. American Eocene, 139
Callithrix in Brazilian caves, 184
Canaries, birds of, 208

beetles of, 209
Canida, European Miocene, 118

European Eocene, 125
N. American Tertiary, 134

remarkable S. African, 267
Canis, European Pliocene, 112

Post-Pliocene, 112
European Miocene, 118
Indian Miocene, 121
European Eocene, 125
N. American Post-Pliocene, 129
N. American Tertiary, 134, 135
in Brazilian caves, 144

S. American Pliocene, 146
Camel, fossil in Indian Miocene, 122

birth-place and migrations of, 155

Palæarctic, 182
Camelida, essentially extra-tropical, 112

N. American Tertiary, 138
Cumelopardalis, Miocene of Greece, 116

Indian Miocene, 122
Camelotherium, S. American Pliocene, 147
Cape of Good Hope, peculiar flora and fauna

of, 266
Cape Verd Islands, zoology of, 214
Cape-hare, S. African, 267
Cardiodus, S. American Pliocene, 147
Cariama, Brazilian caves, 164
Carnivora of European Pliocene, 112

Miocene of Greece, 115
European Miocene, 118
Indian Miocene, 121
European Eocene, 125
N. American Post-Pliocene, 129
X. American Tertiary, 134
of Brazilian caves, 144

8. American Pliocene, 146
Carnivora, classification of, 88

antiquity of, 153
of the Palaarctie region, 182
list of Palæarctic genera of, 240
list of Ethiopian genera of, 302
range of Oriental genera of, 873

list of Australian genera of, 476
Caroline Islands, birds of, 444
Carterodon in Brazilian caves, 145

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