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CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.
PART I.
THE PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL PHENOMENA OF DISTRIBUTION.
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTORY.
CHAPTER II.
THE MEANS OF DISPERSAL AND THE MIGRATIONS OF ANIMALS.
Means of Dispersal of Mammalia (p. 10)-Climate as a Limit to the Range of
Mammals (p. 11)-Valleys and Rivers as Barriers to Mamma's (p. 12)—Arms
of the Sea as Barriers to Mammals (p. 13)-Ice-floes and drift-wood as aiding
the Dispersal of Mammals (p. 14)-Means of Dispersal of Birds (p. 15)-Dis-
persal of Birds by Winds (p. 16)-Barriers to the Dispersal of Birds (p. 17)—
The Phenomena of Migration (p. 18)-Migrations of Birds (p. 19)-General
remarks on Migration (p. 25)-Means of Dispersal of Reptiles and Amphibia
(p. 28)-Means of Dispersal of Fishes (p. 29)-Means of Dispersal of Mollusca
(p. 30)-Means of Dispersal of Insects and the Barriers which limit their
Range (p. 32) 10-34
CHAPTER III.
DISTRIBUTION AS AFFECTED BY THE CONDITIONS AND CHANGES OF THE EARTH'S
SURFACE.
Land and Water (p. 35)-Continental Areas (p. 36)-Recent Changes in the Con-
tinental Areas (p. 38)-The Glacial Epoch as affecting the Distribution of
Animals (p. 40)-Changes of Vegetation as affecting the Distribution of Ani-
mals (p. 43)-Organic Changes as affecting Distribution (p. 44)
VOL. I.-2
35-49
CHAPTER IV.
ON ZOOLOGICAL REGIONS.
Principles upon which Zoological Regions should be formed (p. 53)-Which class
of Animals is of most importance in determining Zoological Regions (p. 56)—
Various Zoological Regions proposed since 1857 (p. 58)—Discussion of proposed Regions (p. 61)-Reasons for adopting the Six Regions first proposed by Mr. Sclater (p. 63)-Objections to the system of Circumpolar Zones (p. 67)-Does
⚫ the Arctic Fauna characterise an independent Region (p.68)—Palæarctic Region
(p. 71)-Ethiopian Region (p. 73)-Oriental Region (p. 75)-Australian Re-
gion (p. 77)-Neotropical Region (p.78)-Nearctic Region (p. 79)-Observations
on the series of Sub-regions (p. 80) .
.
50-82
CHAPTER V.
CLASSIFICATION AS AFFECTING THE STUDY OF GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.
Classification of the Mammalia (p. 85)-Classification of Birds (p. 92)—Classifica-
tion of Reptiles (p. 98)-Classification of Amphibia (p. 100)-Classification of
Fishes (p. 101)-Classification of Insects (p. 102)-Classification of Mollusca
(p. 104) 83-104
PART II.
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF EXTINCT ANIMALS.
CHAPTER VI.
THE EXTINCT MAMMALIA OF THE OLD WORLD.
Historic and Post-pliocene Period (p. 110)-Pliocene Period (p. 112)-General
Conclusions as to the Pliocene and Post-pliocene Faunas of Europe (p. 113)—
Miocene Period (p. 114)-Extinct Animals of Greece (p. 115)-Miocene Fauna
of Central and Western Europe (p. 117)-Upper Miocene Deposits of India
(p. 121)-General Observations on the Miocene Faunas of Europe and Asia
(p. 123)-Eocene Period (p. 124)-General Considerations on the Extinct
Mammalian Fauna of Europe (p. 126)
107-128
CHAPTER VII.
EXTINCT MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WORLD.
North America-Post-pliocene Period (p. 129)-Remarks on the Post-pliocene
Fauna of North America (p. 130)—Tertiary Period (p. 132)—Primates (p. 32)
Insectivora (p. 133)-Carnivora (p. 134)—Ungulata (p. 135)-Proboscidea
(p.138)—Tillodontia (p.139)—Rodentia (p.140)—General Relations of the Ex-
tinct Tertiary Mammalia of North America and Europe (p.140)- South Ame-
rica (p. 143)—Fauna of the Brazilian Caves (p. 143)— Pliocene Period of Tem-
perate South America (p. 146)—Pliocene Mammalia of the Antilles (p. 148)--
Eocene Fauna of South America (p. 148)-General Remarks on the Extinct
Mammalian Fauna of the Old and New Worlds (p. 148)-The Birth-place and
Migrations of some Mammalian Families and Genera (p. 153)
CHAPTER VIII.
129-156
VARIOUS EXTINCT ANIMALS ;-AND ON THE ANTIQUITY OF THE GENERA OF
INSECTS AND LAND-MOLLUSCA.
Extinct Mammalia of Australia (p. 157)-Mammalian Remains of the Secondary
Formations (p. 159)—Extinct Birds (p. 160)—Palæarctic Region and North
India (p. 161)-North America (p. 163)-South America, Madagascar, New
Zealand (p. 164)—Extinct Tertiary Reptiles (p. 165)—Antiquity of the Genera
of Insects (p. 166)-Antiquity of the Genera of Land and Fresh-water Shells
(p. 168) 157-170
PART III.
ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY: A REVIEW OF THE CHIEF FORMS OF LIFE
IN THE SEVERAL REGIONS AND SUB-REGIONS, WITH THE INDICA-
TIONS THEY AFFORD OF GEOGRAPHICAL MUTATIONS.
CHAPTER IX.
THE ORDER OF SUCCESSION OF THE REGIONS.-COSMOPOLITAN GROUPS OF
ANIMALS.-TABLES OF DISTRIBUTION.
Order of succession of the Regions (p. 173)-Cosmopolitan Groups (p. 175)-
Tables of Distributions of Families and Genera (p. 177)
173-179
CHAPTER X.
THE PALEARCTIC REGION.
Zoological Characteristics of the Palearctic Region (p. 181)-Summary of Palæ-
arctic Vertebrata (p. 186)-Insects (p. 187)-Land-shells (p. 190)—The Palæ-
arctic Sub-regions (p. 190)-Central and Northern Europe (p. 191)—North
European Islands (p. 197)-Mediterranean Sub-region (p. 199)—The Mediter-
ranean and Atlantic Islands (p. 206) -The Siberian Sub-region, or Northern
Asia (p. 216)—Japan and North China, or the Manchurian Sub-region (p. 220)
-Birds (p. 223)—Insects (p. 227)--Remarks on the General Character of the
Fauna of Japan (p. 230)-General Conclusions as to the Fauna of the Pale-
arctic Region (p. 231)-Table I. Families of Animals inhabiting the Palæ-
arctic Region (p. 234)-Table II. List of the Genera of Terrestrial Mammalia
and Birds of the Palearctic Region (p. 239) 181-250
CHAPTER XI.
THE ETHIOPIAN REGION.
Zoological Characteristics of the Ethiopian Region (p. 252)—Summary of Ethio-
pian Vertebrates (p. 255)-The Ethiopian Sub-regions (p. 258)—The East
African Sub-region, or Central and East Africa (p. 258)-The West African
Sub-region (p. 262)—Islands of the West African Sub-region (p. 265)—South
African Sub-region (p. 266)—Atlantic Islands of the Ethiopian Region ;-St.
Helena (p. 269)—Tristan d'Acunha (p. 271)-Madagascar and the Mascarene
Islands, or the Malagasy Sub-region (p. 272)-The Mascarene Islands (p. 280)
-Extinct Fauna of the Mascarene Islands and Madagascar (p. 282)—General
Remarks on the Insect Fauna of Madagascar (p. 284)-On the probable Past
History of the Ethiopian Region (p. 285)-Table I. Families of Animals
inhabiting the Ethiopian Region (p. 294)-Table II. List of Genera of Ter-
restrial Mammalia and Birds of the Ethiopian Region (p. 300) . 251-313
CHAPTER XII.
THE ORIENTAL REGION.
Zoological Characteristics of the Oriental Region (p. 315)-Summary of Oriental
Vertebrata (p. 318)—The Oriental Sub-regions (p. 321)—Hindostan, or Indian
Sub-region (p. 321)-Range of the Genera of Mammalia which inhabit the Sub-
region of Hindostan (p. 322)-Oriental, Palæarctic, and Ethiopian Genera of
Birds in Central India (p. 224)-Sub-region of Ceylon and South India
(p. 326)-The Past History of Ceylon and South India, as indicated by its Fauna
(p. 328)-Himalayan or Indo-Chinese Sub-region (p. 329)—Islands of the