tine Princes obtained special terms, in consideration of their valour and their rank: these were, that they should have leave to reside where they pleased in England for six months, provided they did not approach within twenty miles of London: they were to be attended by all their servants, with seventy horses, and all their property. As a Puritan journal asserted, however, they soon "broke the out in a body, well armed, with colours flying and drums beating, were two thousand and upwards besides officers, who received no injury in their march through nor the least affront, which the governor, Sir Thomas Glenham, hath since acknowledged, much for the honour of the army. The forerunners of those that marched forth and the stragglers that came afterwards on the same day, being most of them horsemen and private persons engaged in the siege, were near five hundred men. There likewise marched forth this day, at the Northgate, all those that went to Yorkshire and Gloucestershire and those parts, who had a convoy for that purpose, being a considerable number. When Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice went forth on Monday, and those that followed them on Tuesday (when other gentlemen of quality left the city), there were in all about three hundred persons, most of them of good quality. Since we came into the town, it hath been the continual employment of some in making passes for those that were yet left behind, and not marched out of the town with the body, there having been above two thousand passes made out since we entered, of which there is a particular list of every man's name kept, there being many of them noblemen, knights, and gentlemen of quality, the rest officers and reformadoes, and some scholars. Likewise, since we came into the town, the three regiments of auxiliaries, consisting of two thousand men, have been disbanded, and their arms brought in. There are yet great numbers in the town, both officers and soldiers and strangers, that have not yet received their passes. Those that marched out upon Wednesday, about nine hundred of them laid down their arms when they came to Tame, and received passes to go to their several houses, and their arms were brought into Oxford; eleven hundred of them listed themselves for foreign service. We found in the magazine seventy barrels of powder; besides, they had two mills which supplied them daily articles to their own prejudice, and the kingdom's good, for now they must be gone."1 The King's cause was utterly lost; his bravest defenders slain, exiled, or imprisoned; the closing scene only procrastinated by the feuds among the conquerors. We shall return to England again to view that closing scene, and inquire after some of those who long and vainly strove to avert that stain from English history. We have now to accompany the adventurous Rupert into other regions, and to follow wanderings as little known, and as with powder. There were in the town thirty-eight pieces of ordnance, whereof twenty-six were brass. For provisions of victuals I cannot give you a particular account, only this in general, that by what we found in the stores, and by what we are informed they had in the store before they sold it to the townsmen, during the treaty, to raise money to pay their soldiers, there was not less than six months' provisions. The soldiers were much discontented, and much ado there was to preserve the Lords, whom they accused for being the occasion of delivering up the town.* For the strength of the works about the town, they are such as, I think, any knowing man in martial affairs will say it was for your service the town was taken by conditions, especially considering what unseasonable weather hath followed; for if we had continued the siege but to this day, we should have been forced to have quit some of the leaguers already made, the fields being overflown with water. I have been with several of your acquaintance here in town, who were provided till Christmas with provisions, and do affirm, that for corn, beef, bacon, salt, butter, and cheese, there was plenty for the said time; fresh meat for the great ones being the only thing complained of as a want, and yet we found some store of that at the surrender.t 1 Scots' Dove, July, 1646. * Sir Thomas received some wounds in this riot, I find from a letter in Lord Denbigh's MSS. + King's Pamphlets, 226, art. 9 (in the British Museum). perilous as those of Amadis of Gaul. At this period, however, the reader and the writer's task is relieved for some time by another biographer. The following fragment seems to have been prepared so far for publication during the Prince's life time, and without reference to the letters which I have introduced according to their dates. CHAPTER II. RUPERT AT SEA. SURRENDER OF OXFORD. FRENCH CAMPAIGN. RUPERT BECOMES AN ADMIRAL; HIS CRUISE TO IRELAND; TO THE MEDITERRANEAN; TO THE WEST INDIES.-RETURN TO FRANCE. Thousands were there in darker fame that dwell, DRYDEN. "THE STORY AFTER THE RENDRY OF OXFORD.1 "UPON the rendry of Oxford, the two brother Princes, Rupert and Maurice, by the General's leave, made their first remove June 24th, to Oat 1 The following chapter is given verbatim as I find it among Prince Rupert's papers. 2 Passport. These are to require you on sight hereof to permit and suffer their Highnesses Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice, with their servants and attendants hereunder mentioned, their horses, arms, and goods, the number of horses for them and their train not exceeding seventy, to pass your guards to Guildford in the County of Surrey, or any other place within fifty miles of London, so that it be not within twenty miles of London or in any garrison, and there to abide for the space of six months free from any molestation whatsoever; and to go beyond the seas at any time within the said six months, with their said servants, horses, arms, and goods; they having engaged themselves, upon their honours, not to use the liberty hereby granted in the meantime to any hostility against the Parliament, nor any way wilfully to the prejudice of their affairs; and they are to have the benefit of such lands, from whence they sent to the Prince Elector, to advise with him what to do. But the House of Commons, taking advantage of their coming within twenty miles of London, notwithstanding the liberty granted them by General Fairfax so to do, declared, June 26th, that the two Princes, Rupert and Maurice, and their servants, by their coming to Oatlands, had broken the articles agreed upon concerning them, upon the surrender of Oxford; passing a vote also, that a command should be given from that House to the two Princes, Rupert and Maurice, and their servants, to repair to the seaside within ten days, and forthwith to depart the of the articles agreed unto upon the surrender of Oxford as anyways concern them. Given under my hand and seal the 19th day of June, 1646. To all officers and soldiers under my command, or in the service of the Parliament. Dr. Watts, Chaplain [probably compiler of the notes in this Diary.] Dr. Erskin, Chaplain. Mr. Cole, Chaplain. Mr. Kempson, Secretary. Mr. Whitford, Gent. Mr. Townshend, Gent. Mr. Trelawney, Gent. Mr. Milhiser, Gent. Mr. Thomas Daniell, Gent. Mr. Ellice Price, Gent. Mr. La Roche [Engineers who the Prince to England in Mr. Crodolph, Apothecary. Mr. De Faust, Grooms of the Chamber. [With fifty-one more, named in the pass: amongst others, a cook, a "yeoman of the stable, nine footmen, twelve grooms, a tailor, a gunsmith, a farrier, a laundress and her maid." This was no inconsiderable establishment for a Prince about to "seek his subsistence on the Continent."] They are also to pass with eight carts and eight post-horses. |