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NONSUCH PARTY-VALUE OF THE COTTON MANUFACTURES.

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tion bears a very small proportion wages, was therefore 120 millions, to the power by which it is expelled. In either case, however, whether we multiply the body of the greatest resistance by its velocity, or that of the smallest by it, we shall not find their effective forces exactly to compensate for the power absorbed in compressing the elastic fluid. Fieldgate-street, Oct. 4.

G.

Errata. In page 381, for "1000 parts," read "a 1000 part; and again, for "equal 1000 parts of the pressure of the atmosphere," &c. read, "equal to a 1000 part of the pressure," &c.

A NONSUCH PARTY.

or about five millions and a half per annum. But the whole value of all the British manufactures exported during that period was 548 millions; which, after deducting for the raw materal 148 millions, will leave 400 millions added to the taxable capital of the nation, at the rate of more than 18 millions per annum, by amount received for the wages and profit of British productive labour. In the eight years since the return of peace, from 1815 to 1822, the cotton manufactures exported are upwards af 177 millions, at their official value; and deducting five millions per annum for the raw material, leaves 137 millions, being about 17 millions per annum which being added to the export of the twenty-two years preceding, and make upwards of 257 millions contributed since the commencement of the late war, by

A friend, who lately visited Paris, at one of Mr. Arago's soirées met with the following distinguished persons, all of them remarkable for having performed journeys or adventures, of which there was no paral- cotton-manufuctures lel:-1. There was Professor Simonoff, who was astronomer to the Russian expedition into the Antarctic Circle, and who had been nearest to the South Pole of any man living. 2. Captain Scoresby, Junior, who had been nearest to the North Pole of any one living. 3. Baron Humboldt, who had been higher on mountains than any other philosopher. 4. Madame Freycinet, the only lady who had ever accompanied a voyage of discovery, and circumnavigated the globe. 5. M. Gay-Lussac, who had, we belive, been the highest in the air of any man. 6. M. Callien, who had travelled, with the son of the Pacha of Egypt, farther towards the sources of the Nile than any person now living.

VALUE OF THE COTTON MANUFACTURES.

alone, to the taxable capital of the nation. But in the last eight years, the whole amount of exported British manufactures is 332 millions; and deducting the raw materials, at the increased rate of 73 millions per annum, will leave 272 millions, being about 34 millions per annum; which being added to the produce and profit of the wages for the twenty-two years of the war, as before mentioned (400 millions,) will make 672 millions received in the last thirty-years, since 1793, being upwards of 22 millions per annum, for wages and profit produced by British industry, and received from other nations. During the war, the sum added to the national debt by loans was 569 millions; which,it thus appears, was exceeded, upwards of 100 millions, by the amount received from foreign countries for the ingenuity of the English artisan, and the industry of the English labourer.

ROMAN POLISH.

The value of the Cotton Manufactures exported during the twentytwo years of the late war, from 1793 to 1815, amounted to 208 millions sterling, at the official value. The raw material, at four millions per SIR,-Having frequently visited annum, amounts to 88 millions ster- the Vatican during my stay at Rome, ling. The net annual receipt from in the winter of 1818, I was much foreign countries, for profit and struck with the brilliant polish of

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REVOLUTION OF COG-WHEELS.

mahogany (if I remember right) bookcases; and as the then Pope Pius the Seventh was adding to the library, and putting up additional bookcases, that were made equally brilliant, upon the spot, I not only watched the progress, but asked one of the workmen how it was done. As I have read much about French Polish in your interesting Magazine, perhaps you would not object to a receipt for a Roman Polish, which has the advantage of requiring no varnish, and is very much at your service.

Brick dust, sifted very fine; olive oil mixed with it, just to give it the dampness of flour; this is rubbed by a pumice stone upon the wood till perfectly smooth; then add spirits of wine, and continue rubbing it till you have the required polish, which is beautiful, and more durabie than any other. Yours,

POLVORE DI MATTORE.

I shall be very glad to hear that the above answers; and if any of your readers that has given it a fair trial upon a small scale will mention his success, it will be a general benefit.

nor both by the same number (as 43 and 127,) the large wheel revolves as often as the smaller has cogs, and vice versa.

In J. H.'s problem (p, 445,) C has 28 cogs, D 66; according to the above rule, 28÷2=14, 66÷2=33; therefore C revolves 33 times, and D 14 E has 60, F 28, 60÷4-15, 28-4=7, E revoles 7 times, F 15. G and H having the same number of cogs, might, as far as the problem is concerned, have been left out altogether, as they only serve to change the horizontal to a perpendicular motion. I has 47 cogs, K 11; therefore I turns 11 times, while K revolves 47. E being fixed on the same axle as D, must have 14 revolutions also, which will cause F to have 30, G 30, H 30, I 30, and K 128 revolutions and 2 cogs, as is shown thus: 47 (the number of cogs in I) ×39= 1410-11 (the number of cogs in K) =128 2. But in order that K may make perfect revolutlons, the revolutions of each wheel must be multiplied by 11, the number of times I ought to revolve: 33 × 11 = 363, 14X11=154, 30x11-330 128 2×11 =1410. Therefore, exclusive of A and B. the number of turns are thus: C 363, D and E 154, F G H and I 330, K 1410. As, however, A and C are on the same axle, they must, of SIR,-In Vol. 11. No. 56, of your course, revolve the same number of useful publication, a problem is given, times; therefore the above numbers requiring the revolutions of certain must be multiplied by 127, and A cog-wheels, which I will endeavour 127, and B 43 by 363: 363x127to solve; but, as it will be better un- 46101, 43×363=15609, 154×127= derstood by adverting to the problem 19558, 330x127-41910, 1410×127 of R. G., in Vol. 1. No. 16, which. 179070. Which process makes as he requires a simple rule, I conceive he has not been fully answered, I will first reply to that. As a general rule, if the greater number of cogs will divide by the lesser, and leave no remainder (for instance, 12 and 72,) the quotient is the number of revolutions made by the smaller for one turn of the larger; and if the larger number cannot be divided by the lesser, and they are both divisible by the same divisor (as 27 and 36,) then divide them by the highest; the revolutions of the large wheel will in that case be the quotient of the less, and vice versa; but if the larger will not divide by the lesser,

REVOLUTION OF COG-WHEELS.

the answer to the problem thus:B 15609, A and C 46101, D and E 19558, FGH and I 41910, K 179070, when they will, for the first time, have all resumed the places from whence they set out.

Yours, &c. F* S*

SIR,-In your 56th Number, page 445, there is a question proposed by your Correspondent J. H. respecting the Revolution of Cog-wheels. By inserting the following solution in your valuable miscellany, you will oblige, yours, &c.

Harpurley. JOSEPH HALL.

TAPPING NUTS-NEW PATENT-INQUIRIES-BRICK-MAKING.

All wheels on the same shaft or axis

NEW PATENT.

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make one or any number of revolutions To Alexander Nesbitt, broker, of in the same time: 127 × 2866 =33 Upper Thames-street, London, who, 3×35=1778, also 127×33=4191, in consequence of a communication and 43 × 33=1419. Again, 60 working made to him by William Van Houinto 28 is the same as 15 working into ten the Younger, a foreigner residing 7, then 1778 X 1573810 x 47 abroad, is in possession of a process 179070; therefore the number of revolu- by which certain materials may be tions, by each wheel respectively, will manufactured into paper or felt, or a substance nearly resembling coarse paper or felt, which material so prepared is applicable to various useful purposes,-27th July.-Six months.

be as follows:

Α

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F

G

I

K

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SIR,-In perusing your valuable
Magazine (No. 56, p. 445,) I find a
letter signed T. G. D. mentioning a
simple method of Tapping Nuts with
a smaller Tap For my own part, I
have practised the same these fifteen
years, and have seen others do the
same; so that I can assure T. G. D.
(whoever that gentleman may be)
that he is not the inventor, as he so
politely wishes to appear.*
Your's, &c.

Gravel Lane, Southwark,
Oct. 3, 1824.

J. W. M.

This is not quite fair towards T. G. D.;

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SIR,-I shall feel obliged, by any of your intelligent Correspondents bestowing their thoughts to the construction of a Machine for making Bricks. The principal objects required are, first, to supply the mould earth into the mould, in such a manwith earth; secondly, to press the ner as will expel as much of the water as possible; thirdly, that the machine shall strike off the superfluous earth from the mould, in such a manner as not to cling to the inshall not make less than ten bricks strument; fourthly, that the machine

per minute.

A SUBSCRIBER.

NO. 69.-RE-RROSTING SILVER. SIR, I should feel greatly indebt

since he stated, expressly, that he did noted to any of your readers, who could know whether the plan had originated with him or not, and communicated it to us merely because he believed it to be not generally known :--which, notwithstanding what our present Correspondent states, is the fact.-ED.

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48

ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES-CORRESPONDENCE.

ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES. No: 58.-PLANS FOR A COTTAGE. SIR.-I return you herewith all the plans of Cottages, &c. I shall adopt the plan exhibited by "Z Z.” which I highly approve for its neatness, convenience, and also as being the most suitable to the situation for which it is designed, and calculated to be executed at as little expense as any one I have received.

aware that there is a stack executed at Wheal Sparrow Mine, near Redruth, by the order of John Taylor, Esq. 122 feet above the level of the surface. The orifice, or draughthole, is seven feet diameter at the bottom, and five feet at the top, Perhaps the draught would have been better, had the diameter continued of increased with the height. the same size from bottom to top, or Now, There are many of the others sent than commensurate to the expense of whether the additional height is more that are certainly very handsome designs, and displayed in a masterly ascertained in this country; and when erection, I believe, has not been yet style; but most of them are upon a it is, you may, perhaps, hear from scale, as regards the costs of the erection, far exceeding the present me again on the subject. object.

A MINER.

, near Redruth, Cornwall.

CORRESPONDENCE.

An Amateur wishes to know "where he and Double Engine (Figs. 26 and 27 in Mr. can get models of Mr. Watts' Single Engine Stuart's Historical Description of the Steam Engine,) and what would be their cost?"

I shall make one alteration in "Z. Z.'s" elevation, which is, to carry the building up square, and give it an overhanging roof of slate, instead of a parapet front. You will please to name this to him, in order that he may, if he pleases, make the alteration in the drawing, for insertion in your excellent and useful Friend" at Harpurley-W. W-t-T.C.B.work, the "Mechanics' Magazine." rum-R.B.P.-George Abbot-James Yule-I send you herewith two guineas, R.B.L.H.-L.A.J.-X.D.-J.T.H-d--Philto be paid to the author of the plan pot-W.V.M.-Telos-N. Wales—A:R: marked "Z. Z." and countermarked "X.X."-I am, Sir, &c. X. X.

Communications received from--" A "Thomas North-Nathan Short-F. S.-Au

["Z. Z." will receive the premium on application at 55, Paternoster-row, as also the approved Plan, which we shall be glad to receive back from him for insertion, with the alteration suggested by "X. X."-The other Plans are left with our publishers, to be returned to their respective owners when called for.-ED.]

NO. 10.-STEAM ENGINE CHIMNEYS.

MECHANICS' MAGAZINE.

"The most valuable gift which the hand of science has ever yet offered to the artisan." calculable importance; and, at the same time, The object of this publication is one of inof entire novelty. A numerous and valuable portion of the community, including all who are manually employed in our different trades and manufactures, had begun to fell strongly the want of a periodical work, which at a price suited to their means, would diffuse among them a better acquaintance with the history and principles of the arts they practise; convey to them earlier information than they had hitherto been able to procure, ments; and furnish also a medium through of new discoveries, inventions, and improvewhich they could themselves commit their thoughts and observations to writing for the public benefit.

SIR,-One of your Correspondents, some time since, having expressed a desire to get some information respecting Steam Engine Chimneys, I beg leave to submit a few remarks for his consideration. I believe the ing a greater quantity of original contribuThe Mechanics' Magazine, besides containstacks, or engine chimneys, in Corn- tions on maters of art and science, from pracwall, till very recently, did not ex- tical men, than any other publication, supceed sixty feet in height, and these plies its readers regularly with the essence chimneys are generally made circu- of all that is valuable in other journals, foreign and domestic. lar, both internally and externally. Round stacks are certainly stronger than square ones, and equally good, if not superior, in point of draught. I suppose, your Correspondent of St. Anstel (p. 271, vol. ii) was

not

This work will be published every Saturday in a pamphlet of sixteen octavo pages, containing several fine wood engravings, subscriptions $4 per anum, half payable on delivery of the fourth number, the remainder on delivery of the 26th number.

J. V. SEAMAN. 221 Broadway.

AMERICAN

MECHANICS' MAGAZINE,

Museum, Register, Journal and Gazette.

VOL. I.-No. 4.]

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"The most valuable gift which the Hand of Science has ever

yet offered to the Artisan."

Dr. Birkbeck.

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1825.

[Price $4 PER ANN.

Seest thou a man diligent in his business, he shall stand before Kings; he shall not stand before mean men."-Prov. xxii. 9.

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