1903 Library THE YALE REVIEW A QUARTERLY JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSION Vol. XII. No. 2. CONTENTS August, 1903 COMMENT, Economics and the Papacy; The Financial versus the Industrial History MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT IN OHIO, PAGE 113 Clinton Rogers Woodruff 141 N. T. Bacon 167 THE PRESENT CONDITION OF RUSSIA, SUFFRAGE AND SELF-GOVERNMENT IN PORTO RICO, THE TREATY-MAKING POWER OF THE HOUSE OF 191 Chalfant Robinson NOTES, 204 Swedish Labor-market and Strikes, 1902; Contemplated Changes in the BOOK REVIEWS, Merriam's History of American Political Theories; Robinson's Intro- 208 223 THE TUTTLE, MOREHOUSE & TAYLOR CO., 125 TEMPLE STREET, NEW HAVEN, CONN. Entered at the Post-Office, New Haven, Conn., as Second-Class Mail Matter, THE YALE REVIEW A QUARTERLY JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSION OF ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND SOCIAL QUESTIONS. THE YALE REVIEW is owned by The Yale Publishing Company. It is edited by Professors HENRY W. FARNAM, E. G. Bourne, JOHN C. SCHWAB, IRVING FISHER, HENRY C. EMERY, Clive Day and ALBERT G. Keller. Committed to no party and to no school, but only to the advancement of sound learning, it aims to present the results of the most scientific and scholarly investigations in political science, but contributors alone are responsible for the opinions expressed in the articles. It is published by THE TUTTLE, MOREHOUSE & TAYLOR COMPANY, 125 Temple Street, New Haven, Conn., to whom all business communications should be addressed and all subscriptions paid. All communications relating to articles, book reviews, exchanges, and editorial work in general should be addressed to THE EDITORS, YALE REVIEW, YALE STATION, New Haven, Conn. Copyright, 1903, by The Yale Publishing Company, New Haven, Conn. "THE CHURCH ECLECTIC" The ONLY MONTHLY MAGAZINE of the THE REV. ARTHUR LOWNDES, D.D., LL.D., Editor "Gives under the present Editorship the best TWO DOLLARS A YEAR Business Offices: 130 Times Building, New York, N. Y. EDWIN S. GORHAM, Publisher 285 Fourth Ave., New York, N. Y. The American Church Almanac and Year-Book The Hand-Book to The Protestant Episcopal Church Gives Church Calendars and Table of Lessons. Official notices from Bishops, Ecclesiastical Authorities and Church Societies. Directory of the Dioceses, Educational and Charitable Institutions, Sisterhoods and Church Government and General Statistics. Book reviews on the Literature of the Past Year. The Bishops and Dioceses of the Anglican Communion throughout the world. Directory of Bishops and Clergy arranged alphabetically, by Cities and Parishes. The Hours of Services in Thirty-two of the principal Cities. Official list of Consecrations and Ordinations of the Year. Necrology of the Year. Statistics of every Parish and Mission in United States. Astronomical Notes, Postal Regulations and all the usual miscellaneous matter found in a first-class Almanac. Price, 50 cts. bound in cloth and interleaved. These prices include postage. 35 cts. bound in paper Orders now taken for 1903 issue Business Offices: 130 Times Building, New York, N. Y. EDWIN S. GORHAM 285 Fourth Ave., New York, N. Y., Publisher. The work of the University is carried on in the following Departments:— THE ACADEMICAL DEPARTMENT (YALE COLLEGE), THE GRADUATE SCHOOL, THE SCHOOL OF THE FINE ARTS, THE DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC, THE FOREST SCHOOL. II. THEOLOGY, III. MEDICINE, and IV. LAW. The general equipment of the University includes the University and Departmental Libraries, containing about 350,000 volumes, the Peabody Museum of Natural History, the Astronomical Observatory, the Art Collections, Dwight Hall [the headquarters of the Young Men's Christian Association], the Commons, supplying board at about $4 a week to 1,000 students, the Gymnasium, the Athletic Field, and the Yale Infirmary. The University Catalogue contains full information concerning all departments. It may be secured by addressing the Secretary of the University. THE ACADEMICAL DEPARTMENT (YALE COLLEGE) offers a four years' course of study leading to the degree of B.A. Its Professors and Instructors number over 130. The first year's work is in English, Latin, Greek, French or German and Mathematics. For the other three years courses are offered covering Languages and Literature, Mathematics and the Natural Sciences, Philosophy, History and the Social Sciences, Art and Music. Nearly $50,000.00 is annually appropriated in Beneficiary Aid for Scholarships, Fellowships and Prizes. Room Rent in the college dormitories (which accommodate 700 students) ranges from 75 cts. to $5.00 per week for each occupant. For Catalogues and further information address Prof. Henry P. Wright, Dean of the Faculty. THE SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL offers a three years' course of study leading to the degree of Ph.B. The first year of study covers Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, French or German, English, Drawing. The work of Senior and Junior years is arranged in thirteen special courses of study, including Chemistry, Metallurgy, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Sanitary Engineering, Mining Engineering, Studies preparatory to the study of Forestry, Biology preparatory to Medical studies, and General Scientific studies, including Political Science, History, English, Anthropology, Zoölogy, Botany, etc. The Engineering Hall, Chemical Laboratory and Biological Laboratory are thoroughly equipped for work in the several lines of research. For Catalogues and further information address Prof. R. H. Chittenden, Director of the School. THE GRADUATE SCHOOL. The courses of study, open only to graduates of colleges and universities, lead to the degrees of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY, MASTER OF ARTS, MASTER OF SCIENCE, CIVIL ENGI NEER and MECHANICAL ENGINEER. The course leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is open to students without distinction of sex. There are 50 courses of study offered in Psychology, Ethics, and Philosophy, 79 in the Social Sciences and History, 60 in Semitic Languages and Biblical Literature, 62 in Classical Philology, 68 in Modern Languages and Literature, 89 in Natural and Physical Sciences, 29 in Pure and Applied Mathematics. There are various clubs and associations which meet periodically for reading papers and for discussion, such as the Mathematical Club, the Classical Club, the Political Science Club, the Anthropology Club, the History Club, the Philosophical Club, the Semitic and Biblical Literature Club, the Modern Language Club, the English Club, the German Journal Club, the Physical Club, the Physics Journal Club, the Engineers Club, the Chemical Club, and the Biological Club. The various Departmental Libraries, the Laboratories and Collections, as well as the numerous courses of Public Lectures, are open to the students of this Department. Five Fellowships of $400 each and 20 Scholarships of $100 each are open to graduates of all colleges. Several memorial fellowships are also available. For Catalogues and further information address Prof. Andrew W. Phillips, Dean of the School. THE DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC is open to graduates, undergradutes and special students, without distinction of sex. The theoretical studies are Harmony, Counterpoint, the History of Music, Strict Composition, Instrumentation and Free Composition. The practical courses consist of instruction in Piano, Organ, and Violin playing. For full information address Prof. S. S. Sanford, Department of Music. THE SCHOOL OF THE FINE ARTS is open to students of both sexes. Technical Instruction is given in Drawing, Painting, Sculpture, and Copper Plate Etching, and courses of lectures are given in the Philosophy, History and Criticism of Art. Several prizes are offered, the most important of which is the William Wirt Winchester prize of $1500. For further information address Prof. John F. Weir, Director of the School. THE DIVINITY SCHOOL is open to students of every Christian denomination. Scholarship aid is given to all needy students in return for work done under the direction of local pastors. No charge is made for instruction or room rent. The course of three years leads to the degree of B.D. A fourth year for Graduate Study is open to those who desire to pursue an advanced course, and several Fellowships and Scholarships are open to such persons. For further information address Prof. F. K. Sanders, Dean of the Divinity School. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL has a four years' course, leading to the degree of M.D. Clinical Instruction is afforded at the New Haven Hospital and the New Haven Dispensary. The latter institution, where last year 15,000 patients received treatment, is situated on the school grounds. For circulars address Prof. Herbert E. Smith, Dean of the School. THE LAW SCHOOL offers a three years' course, leading to the degree of LL.B. and fitting students for the Bar of any state. The courses of Graduate Study lead to the degree of Master of Laws and Doctor of Civil Law. The students are afforded peculiar facilities for observing the practice of the higher Courts of Connecticut. For further particulars address Prof. T. S. Woolsey, Acting Dean of the School. |