or for life or lives, or for years, and shall also comprise all lands holden of a manor subject to any manorial rights, and shall extend to messuages, tenements, and corporeal or incorporeal hereditaments subject to manorial rights, or any undivided part or share therein; the word "enfranchisement" shall extend to and include the discharge of freehold lands from heriots and other manorial rights; the word "heriots" shall include money payments in lieu thereof; the word "rents" shall include " reliefs" and "services," not being service at the lord's court; and the word "person" shall mean and include any body politic or corporate or collegiate as well as an individual; and every word importing the singular number only shall mean and include several persons or parties as well as one person or party, and several things as well as one thing respectively, and the converse ; and every word importing the masculine gender only shall mean and include a female as well as a male.*
* As the word " manor "extends to a manor or reputed manor, of whatever tenure the same may be; - the word "tenants includes all persons holding lands subject to any manorial rights, &c., or holden for life or lives, or for years; -and the word "lands" comprises lands, whether in fee, or for life or lives, or for years, and also all lands holden of a manor subject to any manorial rights;—it would appear that leaseholds are included under these descriptions, and are therefore subject to the operation of this Act. This, probably, was not intended, but it appears to me that the words can bear no other construction, and I do not observe that leaseholds are anywhere excepted.
Account, how to be rendered, § xlix. 158.
Act IV. & V. Vict. Synopsis of, 99.
Vict., 113.
Analysis of, 102. Act IV. & V.
Actions, for Expences, § lxvi. 175. Limitation of against Commis-
sioners, § xcv. 193.
Admittance. Of Joint Tenants, 43. Of Remaindermen, 44. Fee
payable on, 59. Stamp on Copy of, 77. Out of Court,
§§ lxxxvii. and lxxxviii. 189.
necessary to validity of, 190.
Advancement, where presumed, 10.
Presentment by Homage not
Affeeror, derivation of Word, 37. Duties of, 38.
Agent. See "Appointment."
Alienation, in parcels. See § xcii. and note to the same, 191.
Amerciament, what an, 38. Set by Homage, 40. Set by Jury, ib.
Ancient Demesne, what Lands are, 6.
Appointment, of Agents, § xii. 120. Of Valuers, § xxiv. 133.
Apportionment, Schedule of to be inspected and Errors pointed
out, § xxxii. 145. Of Rents and Fines, § lv. 163.
Arrears, of Rent-charge under a Commutation how recoverable,
§§ xcvii. and xcviii. 157.
Bailiff, Appointment of, 25. Duties of, 26. Duties of as to Build-
ings, ib.-Hedge-rows, ib.-Windfalls, 27-Timber, ib.-Heriots,
28-Roads, 29. Fees of, ib. Perquisites of, 30. When Collector
of Quit-rents, ib. Oath of Office, 60. Notice to call Court
Baron, 67-To call Court Leet and Court Baron, 69. Procla-
mation on opening Court Baron, 70—On opening Court Leet and
Court Baron, ib. Warrant to, to assign Timber for Repairs, ib.
Commissioners, Appointment of, § i. 113. Style of, and Seal, § ii.
114. To report every year to Secretary of State, § iii. 115. Have
power to appoint and remove Assistant-Commissioners, Secre-
tary, &c. § iv. ib. May not sit in House of Commons, § v. 116.
Appointed only for Five Years, § vi. ib. Salaries of, § vii. ib.
Declaration of, § ix. 118. May delegate Powers, § x. ib. May
nominate Persons to inquire into cases where Lords or Tenants
may be under Disabilities, § xi. 119. Will lay down special Rules
for estimating proportional Interests, § xvii. 128. To direct Form
of Agreement, § xix. 129. To circulate Forms, &c. § xx. ib. To
give Notice, when they shall think fit, to Remaindermen and
others, § xxi. 130. To confirm Agreements, § xxiii. 132. May
postpone period of Payment of Rent-charge, § xxiii. 133. May call
upon Steward for information, § xxvii. 135. May instruct Valuers
to make an Apportionment of the Costs of Proceedings, § xxviii.
140. Or Assistant-commissioner to attend Meetings and hear Ob-
jections, § xxix. 141. May direct Expences, § xxx. 143. To pre-
pare Schedule of Apportionment, § xxxi. 144. To give Notice that
Parties interested may inspect the same, and point out Errors,
§ xxxii. 145. May correct Errors, with consent, § xxxiv. 147. If
Valuers be not appointed, or Valuation made within Six Months,
may appoint Valuers, § xxxviii. 150. May hear and determine
Disputes, § xxxix. ib. May summon and examine Witnesses, call
for Papers, &c. § xliii. 155. May direct Payment of Witnesses Ex-
pences, xliv. 156. May agree with Lord and any number of
Tenants for Voluntary Commutation, § lii. 160. May agree with
Lord and any number of Tenants for Voluntary Enfranchisements,
§ lvi. 164. To give Notice to Remaindermen, &c. or, if unknown
and under disability, &c., to Person nominated on his behalf,
§ lvi. 166. To satisfy themselves as to Title of Manor, § lviii. 167;
and, if necessary, direct how Expences to be paid, 168. May, with
consent of Lord, insert in a Column of an Apportionment the
number of Years for which Charge is to be continued, &c. § lxii.
171. To direct a sum to be paid to Lords who are only Tenants
for Life, § lxiii. 172. To direct how all Expences are to be paid,
§ lxv. 174. May allow Copyholders having limited interests to
charge Costs, § lxviii. 176. May allow Lords having limited
interests to charge Costs, § lxix 177. Actions limited against,
§ xcv. 193. Orders of not to be quashed or removed, § xcvi. 194.
Commonable rights, preserved, § lxxxi. 185.
Commutation, general, 122. Terms of, 123. Provisional Agreement
for, 126. Expences of, § xxx. 143. Rents due before, § li. 159.
Voluntary, § lii. 160. Supplemental, § liv. 163.
Compensation. See "Steward."
Constable, Appointment of, 31. Duties of, 32. Parties exempt, 33.
Duties of with respect to Assaults, ib.-Warrants, ib. Indemni-
fied, 34. Expences of, ib. Fees payable to, 35. Qualification, 36.
Oath of Office, 61. Sworn to present, 63. Order for a Constable,
who did not appear at the Court, to be sworn by a Justice of the
Peace, 73.
Copy of Court-roll, Origin of, 5.
Copyholds, Origin and History of, 2. Right of Voting for, 6. Made
Assets for Payment of Debts, ib. Of Ancient Demesne, ib. Of
Inheritance, 8. For Lives, 9. Right of equitable Owner of, 10.
A Qualification to serve on Juries, 12. Cannot be created at the
present day, 13. Enfranchisement of, 83. Report of Committee
on, 85. Observations on Report, 88. Generally badly managed,
18 and 91. Compulsory Enfranchisement of, ib. Principal grie-
vances of System, 93. General Advantages of, 95.
Copyholder, for Life, cannot claim custom to fell Timber, 20. Of
Inheritance, may establish such custom, ib. May not fell Pol-
lards, ib.
Court Baron. See "Homage," 38.
Court Fees. See " Fees," 57.
Court Leet. See "Jury," 40.
Demesnes of Manor, Copyholds are parcel of, 5.
Deputy Steward, Appointment of, 23. His Powers, &c. 24.
Devise of Copyholds. Case of Trash v. Wood, 11.
Dower or Freebench, annexed to Copyholds in some cases, 9. After
Commutation, Copyhold Lands to descend and be subject to
Dower like Freehold Lands, § lxxix. 184.
Enfranchisement, what is, &c, 83.
How effected, 84; and see
'Copyholds." Voluntary Enfranchisements, § lvi. 164. If not
effected by all the Tenants of the Manor, § lvii. 167; and see
"Commissioners."
Fees, payable to Bailiff, 29. To Constable, 35. To Steward, 57.
Fine, when certain, 42. Payable by Joint Tenants, 43. Remain-
derman, ib. Copyholders for Lives, 44. When arbitrary, how
assessed, 46. Tables for Copyholds held for Three Lives, 48.
Forfeiture. See "Bailiff."
Gavelkind, exempted from operation of recent Act, § lxxx. 184.
Grants. After 31st December 1841, may be made out of the Manor
and out of Court, § lxxxvii. 189.
Heriots, best Beast or good, &c. 28.
Homage, who may be of the, 38. Duties of, 39. See "Admittance.”
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