At 2b Om P. M., on the same day, several small black spots had opened through the chromosphere upon the group of veiled spots observed in the morning. At 8h 0m on the following morning, the group of small black spots was considerably increased, having quite a large spot on the preceding side, followed by twelve or fifteen smaller ones. On June 24, this group had attained to its maximum size. It was then very large and complicated. In fact, it was the largest group of sun spots observed thus far during the present year.

On August 8, I noticed a group of veiled spots a little south of the sun's center. The following morning at 7h 0m, there was at the same place a small group of half a dozen black spots disposed in a crescent shape. At 2h O P. M., the black spots had vanished, but the veiled spots still remained, having retained the characteristic crescent form of the black spots and many other details observed in the morning; and, as a proof that the chromosphere covered this spot, the granulations could be plainly seen upon the whole, indicating clearly that this spot was seen through the veil of the chromospheric gases.

On August 24, the same phenomenon took place. Just following the principal spot of the only group then to be seen on the surface of the sun, there was a fine group of veiled spots. The following day some black spots had made their appearance upon them. On August 27, the black spots had vanished, but in their place the veiled spots seen at first still remained, and they continued to be seen there for several days.

To all appearances, the black spots which I had seen disappear under the chromospheric gases, and which continued as veiled spots, were exactly alike and undistinguishable from the many other veiled spots scattered all over the sun; and, had I not seen the opening of the photosphere, with the black spots, I could not have had any idea of the true nature of the veiled spots.

So far, I have only spoken of veiled spots observed in the zones where the ordinary sun spots usually make their appearance; but, as I have said, the veiled spots are scattered all over the surface of the sun.

During this period, I had many occasions to observe very remarkable and characteristic veiled spots in very high heliographic latitudes north and south. On July 15, within a few degrees of the north pole of the sun, I observed a remarkable veiled spot, unusually large and dark. Upon it were several bright slender faculæ projected in crest shape to very high altitudes. These faculæ appeared to be precisely like those observed in lower latitudes near ordinary sun spots. Upon this veiled spot could unmistakably be seen a small black spot, not a pore; a real opening of both chromosphere and photosphere.

On August 9, I observed another remarkable veiled spot within about 10° from the north pole, and upon it could be seen three small black spots.

On August 13, at 11h 0m, I observed a very dark veiled spot within 6 or 8° from the north pole. It had upon it a group of small faculæ, so characteristic of the spots of lower latitudes. At 4h 30m in the afternoon, this veiled spot was still darker, and upon it, near a facula, a pretty large black spot was visible. On August 24, I observed a remarkable veiled spot at about 75° south latitude.

On September 6, another large group of veiled spots was seen within 10° or 15° of the north pole. At 10h 20m, some faculæ had formed upon it, and two black spots were distinctly visible. At 50m in the afternoon, this group was still visible.

On September 8, within a few degrees of the north pole, I observed a fine group of two veiled spots, unusually dark and large, and near one of these spots there was a pretty large and bright facula. Ten minutes later the dark veiled spots had vanished, leaving in their place some bright faculæ. One minute later the veiled spots began to reappear, but under another form, to disappear again the next moment.

A little southwest from this last group, but in the same field of view, was another group of veiled spots apparently in full activity. Upon it three or four black spots were visible for some seconds. Upon these veiled spots the granulation had an extraordinary mobility; so much so, that I expected at every moment to see a large spot make its appearance, but in less than a minute the veiled spots and the black spots had both vanished, and in their place were formed in an instant, some very bright faculæ.

To all appearances, the veiled spots seen in high latitudes differ but very little from the ordinary sun spots of the lower latitudes, except in regard to magnitude and activity. The difference seems particularly to be that, in the first, the umbra, instead of being freed from the gases and vapors, is partly or wholly choked with them; while, besides, the chromosphere covers it. The forces which open the photosphere in high latitudes, it would seem, have not sufficient energy to repel or dissolve the chromospheric gases; or, if they have, it is in a very feeble degree, but, even then, the phenomenon is generally of short duration.

Though I had no means of making accurate measurements of the positions of the spots seen in high latitudes, the error of my estimation cannot be very great. In any case a few degrees would certainly cover it, and it remains a fact that I have observed spots at least within 10° of the north pole of the sun. The importance of this observation will appear when it is stated

At 2b Om P. M., on the same day, several small black spots had opened through the chromosphere upon the group of veiled spots observed in the morning. At 8h 0m on the following morning, the group of small black spots was considerably increased, having quite a large spot on the preceding side, followed by twelve or fifteen smaller ones. On June 24, this group had attained to its maximum size. It was then very large and complicated. In fact, it was the largest group of sun spots observed thus far during the present year.

On August 8, I noticed a group of veiled spots a little south of the sun's center. The following morning at 7h 0m, there was at the same place a small group of half a dozen black spots disposed in a crescent shape. At 2b Om P. M., the black spots had vanished, but the veiled spots still remained, having retained the characteristic crescent form of the black spots and many other details observed in the morning; and, as a proof that the chromosphere covered this spot, the granulations could be plainly seen upon the whole, indicating clearly that this spot was seen through the veil of the chromospheric gases.

On August 24, the same phenomenon took place. Just following the principal spot of the only group then to be seen on the surface of the sun, there was a fine group of veiled spots. The following day some black spots had made their appearance upon them. On August 27, the black spots had vanished, but in their place the veiled spots seen at first still remained, and they continued to be seen there for several days.

To all appearances, the black spots which I had seen disappear under the chromospheric gases, and which continued as veiled spots, were exactly alike and undistinguishable from the many other veiled spots scattered all over the sun; and, had I not seen the opening of the photosphere, with the black spots, I could not have had any idea of the true nature of the veiled spots.

So far, I have only spoken of veiled spots observed in the zones where the ordinary sun spots usually make their appearance; but, as I have said, the veiled spots are scattered all over the surface of the sun.

During this period, I had many occasions to observe very remarkable and characteristic veiled spots in very high heliographic latitudes north and south. On July 15, within a few degrees of the north pole of the sun, I observed a remarkable veiled spot, unusually large and dark. Upon it were several bright slender faculæ projected in crest shape to very high altitudes. These faculæ appeared to be precisely like those observed in lower latitudes near ordinary sun spots. Upon this veiled spot could unmistakably be seen a small black spot, not a pore; a real opening of both chromosphere and photosphere.

On August 9. I observed another remarkable veiled spot within about 10° from the north pole, and upon it could be seen three small black spots.

On August 13, at 11h 0m, I observed a very dark veiled spot within 6 or 8° from the north pole. It had upon it a group of small faculæ, so characteristic of the spots of lower latitudes. At 4h 30m in the afternoon, this veiled spot was still darker, and upon it, near a facula, a pretty large black spot was visible. On August 24, I observed a remarkable veiled spot at about 75° south latitude.

On September 6, another large group of veiled spots was seen within 10° or 15° of the north pole. At 10h 20m, some faculæ had formed upon it, and two black spots were distinctly visible. At 5h 0m in the afternoon, this group was still visible.

On September 8, within a few degrees of the north pole, I observed a fine group of two veiled spots, unusually dark and large, and near one of these spots there was a pretty large and bright facula. Ten minutes later the dark veiled spots had vanished, leaving in their place some bright faculæ. One minute later the veiled spots began to reappear, but under another form, to disappear again the next moment.

A little southwest from this last group, but in the same field of view, was another group of veiled spots apparently in full activity. Upon it three or four black spots were visible for some seconds. Upon these veiled spots the granulation had an extraordinary mobility; so much so, that I expected at every moment to see a large spot make its appearance, but in less than a minute the veiled spots and the black spots had both vanished, and in their place were formed in an instant, some very bright faculæ.

To all appearances, the veiled spots seen in high latitudes differ but very little from the ordinary sun spots of the lower latitudes, except in regard to magnitude and activity. The difference seems particularly to be that, in the first, the umbra, instead of being freed from the gases and vapors, is partly or wholly choked with them; while, besides, the chromosphere covers it. The forces which open the photosphere in high latitudes, it would seem, have not sufficient energy to repel or dissolve the chromospheric gases; or, if they have, it is in a very feeble degree, but, even then, the phenomenon is generally of short duration.

Though I had no means of making accurate measurements of the positions of the spots seen in high latitudes, the error of my estimation cannot be very great. In any case a few degrees would certainly cover it, and it remains a fact that I have observed spots at least within 10° of the north pole of the sun. The importance of this observation will appear when it is stated

At 2b Om P. M., on the same day, several small black spots had opened through the chromosphere upon the group of veiled spots observed in the morning. At 8h 0m on the following morning, the group of small black spots was considerably increased, having quite a large spot on the preceding side, followed by twelve or fifteen smaller ones. On June 24, this group had attained to its maximum size. It was then very large and complicated. In fact, it was the largest group of sun spots observed thus far during the present year.

On August 8, I noticed a group of veiled spots a little south of the sun's center. The following morning at 7h 0m, there was at the same place a small group of half a dozen black spots disposed in a crescent shape. At 2h 0m P. M., the black spots had vanished, but the veiled spots still remained, having retained the characteristic crescent form of the black spots and many other details observed in the morning; and, as a proof that the chromosphere covered this spot, the granulations could be plainly seen upon the whole, indicating clearly that this spot was seen through the veil of the chromospheric gases.

On August 24, the same phenomenon took place. Just following the principal spot of the only group then to be seen on the surface of the sun, there was a fine group of veiled spots. The following day some black spots had made their appearance upon them. On August 27, the black spots had vanished, but in their place the veiled spots seen at first still remained, and they continued to be seen there for several days.

To all appearances, the black spots which I had seen disappear under the chromospheric gases, and which continued as veiled spots, were exactly alike and undistinguishable from the many other veiled spots scattered all over the sun; and, had I not seen the opening of the photosphere, with the black spots, I could not have had any idea of the true nature of the veiled spots.

So far, I have only spoken of veiled spots observed in the zones where the ordinary sun spots usually make their appearance; but, as I have said, the veiled spots are scattered all over the surface of the sun.

During this period, I had many occasions to observe very remarkable and characteristic veiled spots in very high heliographic latitudes north and south. On July 15, within a few degrees of the north pole of the sun, I observed a remarkable veiled spot, unusually large and dark. Upon it were several bright slender faculæ projected in crest shape to very high altitudes. These faculæ appeared to be precisely like those observed in lower latitudes near ordinary sun spots. Upon this veiled spot could unmistakably be seen a small black spot, not a pore; a real opening of both chromosphere and photosphere.