THE

AMERICAN JOURNAL

OF

SCIENCE AND ARTS.

EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS,

JAMES D. DANA, B. SILLIMAN, AND E. S. DANA.

ASSOCIATE EDITORS,

PROFESSORS ASA GRAY AND WOLCOTT GIBBS,
OF CAMBRIDGE,

PROFESSORS H. A. NEWTON, S. W. JOHNSON,
GEO. J. BRUSH AND A. E. VERRILL,
OF NEW HAVEN,

PROFESSOR EDWARD C. PICKERING, of Boston.

THIRD SERIES.

VOL. XI.-[WHOLE NUMBER, CXI.]

JANUARY TO JUNE, 1876.

WITH THIRTEEN PLATES.

NEW HAVEN: EDITORS.

1876

ERRATA.

Page 195, 4th line from top, for southwest read northwest.

Page 401, lines 16, 22 and 24 from top, for glycogen acid read glycogenic acid. Page 482, line 5 from top, for Powell read Howell.

TUTTLE, MOREHOUSE & TAYLOR, PRINTERS.

NUMBER LXI.

Page

1

30

ART. L.-Contributions to Meteorology; by ELIAS LOOMIS,--

II.-Studies on Magnetic Distribution; by H. A. ROWLAND, 17

III.-On Recent Researches in Sound; by WM. B. TAYLOR,

IV.-Effect of Temperature on the Power of Solutions of

Quinine to rotate Polarized Light; by J. C. DRAPER,-

V.-Description of some remains of an Extinct Species of

Wolf and an Extinct Species of Deer from the Lead

Region of the Upper Mississippi; by J. A. ALLEN, 47

SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE.

---

42

Chemistry and Physics.-Action of nitric acid on Silver and Copper, AcwORTH:

On the Condensability of the gaseous Products of the distillation of Carbonaceous

shales, COLEMAN, 51.-On the Medico-legal determination of Arsenic, GAUTIER,

52.-Formation of Nitrites by Bacteria, MEUSEL, 53.-On the supposed new

Hydrocarbon, C3H2, PINNER: On Aromatic Compounds containing Arsenic,

MICHAELIS: On Diacetone-alcohol, HEINTZ, 54.-A new relation between Elec-

tricity and Light, KERR, 55.-Waves on Mercury, DECHARME: Spectrum of the

light of the blue Grotto of Capri, VOGEL, 56.-Action of Magnetism on an

Electric Spark, BECQUEREL: Interference Fringes, NoDOT, 57.-The Wind

Theory of Oceanic Circulation, by JAMES CROLL, 58.

Geology and Mineralogy.-On the Gravel and Cobble-stone deposits of Virginia and

the Middle States, by Wm. B. ROGERS, 60.—Report of the Geological Survey

of North Carolina, by W. C. KERR, 61.-Second Geological Survey of Penn-

sylvania, 62.-The Vertebrata of the Cretaceous Formations of the West, by

E. D. COPE, 64.--Description of new Species of Fossil Plants from Alleghany

Co., Virginia, by F. B. MEEK: Coal plants of Tinkiako in Southern Shensi in

China, BRONGNIART, 66.-The Dawn of life, by J. W. DAWSON: Geographical

and Geological Surveys, WHITNEY: Descriptive Catologue of the specimens in

the Museum of Melbourne, ULRICH, 67.-Geology of Illinois: Geological map

of the United States and Canada, BRADLEY: Einleitung in die Krystallberech-

nung, KLEIN: On Troilite, by J. L. SMITH, 68.

Botany and Zoology.-Vorlesungen über Dendrologie, KARL KOCH: Insectivorous

Plants. DARWIN, 69.-The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants, DARWIN,

73.-Hæckel's Ziele und Wege der heutigen Entwickelungsgeschichte: Memoirs

of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, SCUDDER, 74.

Astronomy-Small Planets recently discovered: The Cape Catalogue of 1,159

Stars, STONE, 75.-Observatory in the Pyrenees, 76.

Miscellaneous Scientific Intelligence.-Reports on the Meteorological, Magnetic, and

other Observations of the Dominion of Canada, 76.-Mt. St. Elias, 77.--Sea-

bottom and Zoology of the deep sea, Challenger's Observations, THOMSON, 78.-

Report of an Expedition up the Yellowstone River: Preliminary Report of

Exploration in Nebraska and Dakota, WARREN: Atti della Societa Toscana di

Scienze Naturali Residente in Pisa, 79.—Obituary. Emile Kopp: Wheatstone,

80.

NUMBER LXII.

Page

81

ART. VI-Sir William Edmond Logan,

VII.-On Recent Researches in Sound; by WM. B. TAYLOR, 94

VIII-Studies on Magnetic Distribution; by H. A. ROWLAND, 103

IX. On rifts of Ice in the rocks near the summit of Mt.

McClellan, Colorado; by EDWARD L. BERTHOUD,

108

X.

Page

New Form of Lantern Galvanometer; by F. E. NIPHER, 111

XI.-New occurrence of Tartronic Acid, with remarks on the

molecular structure of Glyceric Acid; by S. P. SADTLER, 114

XII. Note on the "Chloritic formation" on the western

border of the New Haven Region; by JAMES D. DANA, 119

XIII.-Rocks of the "Chloritic formation" on the Western

126

Border of the New Haven region; by G. W. HAWES, 122

XIV.—On a new Tertiary Lake Basin; by GEORGE B. Grin-

NELL and EDWARD S. DANA, - -

XV.-I. On the Product of the action of Potassium on Ethyl

Succinate; by IRA REMSEN,

II. On the action of Ozone on Carbon Monoxide; by

IRA REMSEN and M. S. SOUTHWORTH,-

XVI.-On the Optical Character of the Chrondrodite of the

Tilly Foster Mine; by EDWARD S. DANA,

XVII.-On Hermannolite, a new species of the Columbian

group; by CHARLES UPHAM SHEPARD, Sr.,

APPENDIX.-XVIII.-Principal Characters of the Dinocerata;
by O. C. MARSH,

SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE.

129

136

139

163

Chemistry and Physics.-On the Didymium absorption-spectrum and the Atomic

weight of Cerium, BÜHRIG: On the Density of Platinum, of Iridium and of their

alloys, SAINTE-CLAIRE DEVILLE and DEBRAY: New method of Chlorinating Hy-

drocarbons, ARONHEIM, 142.-On the effect of mass on the Chemical action of

Water, OSTWALD: Formation of Alizarin by Reduction of Rufigallic Acid WID-

MAN, 143.--On the Separation of Mixed Liquids, DUCLAUX: Stationary Liquid

Waves. GUTHRIE, 144.-Waves in Elastic Tubes, MAREY, 145.-Transparency of

Flame and of the Air, ALLARD; Etheric Force of Edison, HOUSTON, 146.

Geology and Mineralogy.--U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territo-

ries, HAYDEN. 147.-Drift formation and Gold in Missouri, BROADHEAD: Glacial

striæ north of Lake Ontario, CHAPMAN: New Fucoid from the Water-lime Group

of Western New York, GROTE and PITT: Petrifaction, 150.-Green Mountains:

Geology of New Caledonia, 151.-Achrematite, a new mineral. MALLETT:

Schraufite: Seebachite, RATH, 152.--A new species of Dalmania, 153.

Botany and Zoology.-Naudin on the Nature of Heredity and Variability in Plants,

153.--First Forms in Vegetation, MACMILLAN, 156.--Seeds that float in Water,

157.--Use of the hygrometric twisting of the tail to the carpels of Erodium: The

Lemurs not related to the Monkeys: Fauna of the Greenland Seas, 159.

Astronomy.--New Planet: Harvard Observatory Engravings: The Uranian and

Neptunian Systems investigated with the 16-inch Equatorial of the U. S. Obser-

vatory, NEWCOMB, 159.

Miscellaneous Scientific Intelligence.-Report on the Compressive Strength, Specific

Gravity, and Ratio of Absorption of Building Stones in the United States, GILL-

MORE: Science and Art Department of the Committee of Council on Education,

South Kensington: Works on the Paleontology of the Rocky Mountain Surveys

in progress, 160.-Geological Map of the 40th Parallel Survey: Depth of the

North Pacific, 161.-An Iceland chain of elevations in the North Atlantic:

Journal of the American Electrical Society, 162.

NUMBER LXIII.

Page

ART. XIX.-On the Veiled Solar Spots; by L. TROUVELOT, 169

XX. Structure of Obolella chromatica; by E. BILLINGS,-

XXI. On the Damming of Streams by drift ice during the

melting of the great Glacier; by J. D. DANA,- -

176

178