CHURCH OF ENGLAND MAGAZINE. Poetry. himself, and which he feels to be fruitful of peace and joy. Orthodoxy of opinion, though necessary, is not sufficient: there must be a breathing vitality about THE COMPLAINT OF A CHRISTIAN ON THE his religion, an animating energy about his piety, that GOD THE HEALER." Heal me, O Lord, and I CONTRARIETIES WHICH HE FINDS WITH- (ROM. VII.) (For the Church of England Magazine.) One with celestial beauty fair Would still to earth my thoughts retain. Alas! while in my bosom's shrine To guide my path, and soothe my mind? And evil all my actions prove. O, grace! O, ray of love benign! HYMN. M. C. L. (For the Church of England Magazine.) STRANGERS and pilgrims on the earth, O, pure its living waters roll, And glorious shine its crystal towers, Of all its love and all its powers. The golden gates of that bright land. All heedless of the heavenly prize. Translated from Racine's "Cantiques Spirituels;" which were composed in 1694, and are said to be the last poetical production of the author Yea, purge us, search us, save us, Lord; Alone be thy great name adored, HENRY DOWNTON. Miscellaneous. ANGLO-SAXON REVERENCE FOR THE SABBATH.-The Anglo-Saxon lord had power of life and death over his "theow," or bondman: though he was capable of holding personal property, he was exposed to his master's caprice, violences, and extortion. In one case alone the law seems to have stepped in between the proprietor and his theow, which was when the latter worked on Sunday; for, according to the law of king Ina, of Wessex (A.D. 688-726), if he worked on the Sunday by his lord's command, the lord lost all right over him, and he became free; but, if he did it without his master's knowledge, he was to" suffer in his hide;" that is, he was to be flogged. From his lord the theow received much the same kind of protection as would have been given to a horse or a dog. By the same laws of Ina, if a freeman worked of a Sunday by his own will and impulse, he forfeited his freedom, or was fined sixty shillings. A man deprived of his liberty in this manner was termed a "wite-theow," or penal serf. scene. known cases where these fires have extended four leagues, destroying all the ranchas and cattle within their compass; and the inhabitants only saving themselves by hiding in their wells. During the summer, the thistles, being dried by the excessive heat of the sun, become very combustible; and when once on fire, the only chance of stopping its progress is by cutting away a space, or if by good fortune there comes a change of the wind; but, so rapid is the progress generally, where no means can be effected to avert its fury, that men on horseback have been overtaken and burned to death.-From a letter in the Literary Gazette. 66 FREEDOM.-The following is derived from Aelfric's Colloquium," composed in the eleventh century. A teacher examines a ploughman on the subject of his occupation. "What sayest thou, ploughman ; how dost thou perform thy work?" "O, my lord," he answers, "I labour excessively: I go out at dawn of day, driving my oxen to the field, and yoke them to the plough: there is no weather so severe that I dare rest at home, for fear of my lord; but, having yoked my oxen, and fastened the share and coulter to the plough, every day I must plough a whole field (acre?) or more." The teacher again asks, "Hast thou any companion?" "I have a boy, who urges the oxen with a goad, and who is now hoarse with cold and shouting." "What more doest thou in the day?" "Truly, I do more yet. I must fill the oxen's mangers with hay, and water them, and carry away their dung." "O, it is a sore vexation!" "Yea, it is great vexation; because I am not free." THE GIVING OF FREEDOM AN ATONEMENT FOR ALL SINS!-The Anglo-Saxon clergy encouraged the manumission of theows gratuitously, as an action of merit in the eyes of the church. Among the early benefactors of the abbey of Ram< sey, it is recorded that Athelstan Mannesone manumitted thirteen men in every thirty, "for the salvation of his soul," taking them as the lot fell upon them, and "placing them in the open road, so that they were at liberty to go where they would." Many, indeed, were freed, from feelings of piety. Thus it appears from the celebrated "Exeter book" in the cathedral, that, at Exeter, on the day when they removed the bodies of bishops Osbern and Leofric from the old minster to the new one, William, bishop of Exeter, “proclaimed Wulfree Pig free and sackless of the land at Teigtune," and "freed him for the love of God and of St. Marie, and of all Christ's saints, and for the redemption of the bishops' souls and his own." Sometimes a man, who had no theow of his own, bought one of another person, in order to BUENOS AYRES.-The province of Buenos Ayres is one vast pampa or plain, with but little to vary the In the vicinity of the city the quintas form an agreeable variety; and to the extent of from five to seven leagues you meet with small towns or villages. For instance, to the north you have the villages of San Isidro and La Punta, on the banks of the river; to the west, the village of San Jose de Flores; to the south, about fifteen leagues, the town of Charcomune, and so on: but beyond these, human habitations are few and far between. At some 20 or 30 miles distance, on the route to any town, you find post-houses, whose obligation is to furnish travellers with horses and a guide to the next post, paying at the rate of (sixpence or) a real per horse; but these cannot be obtained without first showing your licence and your passport. If travelling out of the road of post-houses, it is the custom to take a flock of horses (according to the length of your journey), and drive them before you, changing as the horse you are riding tires. For this you engage a peon, who has charge of the animals, and serves as a guide; and it is not a little surprising to see the dexterity with which he manages to keep the animals together, and make them go onward in the proper track. Your course is generally one un-emancipate him, "for the love of God and the recultivated plain, interspersed occasionally with a forest of thistles, which grow from five to six feet in height, through which you have to thread the way as their avenues present themselves. This is the most dangerous part of your journey, for two reasons: robbers hide themselves sufficiently from your sight, yet see you advancing, and, before it is possible to be aware of it, a lasso is thrown round you, and you are dragged off your horse. Another danger is a quemason," or burning of the thistles, occasioned by any careless fellow throwing a cigar among them. I have 66 demption of his soul." Such were the fruits that ripened from Roman teaching in the olden time!— Archeologia, Vol. XXX., 1844. London: Published for the Proprietors, by EDWARDS and HUGHES, 12, Ave-Maria Lane, St. Paul's; J. BURNS, 17, Portman Street; add to be procured. by order, of all Booksellers in Town and Country. PRINTED BY HOLYROOD HOUSE. "Old Holyrood! Edina's pride, When erst, in regal state array'd, "And nobles in thy palace courts Revel and dance and pageant led, "A lingering beauty still is thine, Though age on age have o'er thee roil'd With gothic column's clustered strength, an residence. It was founded by David I., HOLYROOD (Domus Sanctæ Crucis) was a re- VOL XVIII. P partner the tart it James II., destroyed Cleaves were stripped. Dy's remains is si purbined. His ZILI-MIS VOn a sua se as to confirm the za if he menes is a is stature, seven . Frung de sate of the chapel and the mus fensive closure i demains of the dead. VIS & ZUTE Lane 1 L who had any auVER rens ff Holyrood. The maiest tucCS VE LIVE X 1 palace at HolyTada de jerang x the sixteenth century. la 128. Jums 7. main get aliitions, or rader souit de vivie. A great part was burnt de Larisa 13. 344: but a new palace was Get 1 Bre extensive scale. A large porDTH IS DYRE. VS Ened by Cromwell's sides, uni at a runs at A.D. 1670, via e irvan of Caries II the present SETIA VIS Commenced, after a design of sir The resen Mace sumends a square, each sie nesing over 200 feet. The four ranges quines are handed by awers. An arcade, sowered by jas, go mad the interior. The ard-vest kram's al that remains of the palace erected or James V. Here are the stateat the bedchamber used by queen Mary, vine fratre renting, much of which is sui a home ben vorsed by herself. It was in this bed-rom that she was sitting at supper, with her half-sister, the countess of Argyle, when Ducey sai is low-conspirators rushed in, ANG SC ad Rizma sew him at the door. The zip-uace by with they ascended is still SHTI, IS VÁL is dark stais on the floor, stated To be the marks of Rimmie's blood. Charles Edvizi zovk pussessica of these apartments when in Etabela 74 and slept, it is said, in what but been green Mary's bed, which still occupies is place, and received, a few months afterwards, the Cake de Cumberland. Holyrood has twice sve su silm se exed princes of France. Cris I, when wat d'Artois, resided here 178 179 with his sons, the dukes Angolese an de Berri; and a second time hand menige, with is dimly, after his dethrone Deal with the same walk When George IV. visited Septiand in 1822, the stre speraments were spiendaily fitted up. It was also intended that her present majesty should use them on her first visit to Scotland; but accident prevented this. The largest is adorned with 111 imaginary portraits of Scottish kings, painted by a Flemish artist, de Witt, brought over by James VII. It is in this chamber the election of the sixteen peers of Scotland takes place. Great improvements are, at the present time, taking place at the palace and its vicinity; and it will, ere long, become, instead of a neglected, an important object of attraction. The following account of Holyrood is from Mrs. Sigourney's "Pleasant Memories of Pleasant Lands": "The first view of Holyrood is in strong contrast with the splendid buildings and classic columns of the Calton Hill. After admiring the monuments of Dugald Stuart and Nelson, and the fine edifice for the High School, you look down at the extremity of the Canongate upon the old palace, that, seated at the feet of Salisbury Crag, nurses, in comparative desolation, the memories of the past. Its chapel, floored with tomb-stones, and open to the winds of heaven, admonishes human power and pride of their alliance with vanity. "Through an iron gate we saw, in a damp, miserable vault, the bones of some of the kings of Scotland; among them those of Henry Darnley, without even the covering of that "little charity of earth" which the homeless beggar finds. In another part of the royal chapel, unmarked by any inscription, are the remains of the lovely young queen Magdalen, daughter of Francis the First, of France, who survived but a short time her marriage with James the Fifth. In the same vicinity sleep two infant princes, by the name of Arthur; one the son of him who fell at Flodden-field, the other a brother of Mary of Scotland. Scarcely a single monument, deserving of notice as a work of art, is to be found at Holyrood, except that of viscount Belhaven, a privy-councillor of Charles the First, who died in 1639. He is commemorated by a statue of Parian marble, which is in singular contrast with the rough, black walls of the ruinous tower where it is placed. It has a diffuse and elaborate inscription, setting forth that 'Nature supplied his mind by wisdom for what was wanting in his education; that he would easily get angry, and as easily, even while speaking, grow calm; and that he enjoyed the sweetest society in his only wife, Nicholas Murray, daughter of the baron of Abercairney, who died in eighteen months after her marriage.' "The grave of Rizzio is pointed out under one of the passages to a piazza, covered with a flat stone. Over the mantel-piece of the narrow closet, where from his last fatal supper he was torn forth by the conspirators, is a portrait, said to be of him. Its authenticity is exceedingly doubtful; vet it has been honoured by one of the beautiful effusions of Mrs. Hemans, written during her visit to Holyrood in 1829: "They haunt me still, those calm, pure, holy eyes! Their piercing sweetness wanders through my dreams: Is there; and yet how dark a death was thine:" "In the gallery at Holyrood, which is 150 feet long, and plain even to meanness, are the portraits of 111 Scottish monarchs, the greater part of which must, of course, be creations of fancy. Some of the more distinguished chieftains are interspersed with them. In the line of the Stuarts we remarked the smallness and delicacy of the hands, which historians have mentioned as a marked feature of that unfortunate house. The only female among this formidable assemblage of crowned heads is Mary of Scotland. This, her ancestral palace, teems with her relics; and, however questionable is the identity of some of them, they are usually examined with interest by visitants. The antique cicerone to whom this department appertained, and whose voice had grown hoarse and hollow by painful recitations in these damp apartments, still threw herself into an oratorical attitude, and bestowed an extra emphasis, when any favourite article was to be exhibited, such as queen Mary's work-box?' Queen Mary's candelabra!' The latter utensil, it seems, she brought with her from France. Probably some tender associations, known only to herself, clustered around it; for she was observed often to fix her eyes mournfully upon it, as a relic of happier days. In her apartments we were shown the stone on which she knelt at her coronation; the embroidered double chair, or throne, on which she and Darnley sat after their marriage; the state-bed, ready to perish, and despoiled of many a mouldering fragment by antiquarian voracity; her dressing-case, marvellously destitute of necessary materials; and the round, flat basket in which the first suit of clothes for her only infant was laid. These articles, and many others of a similar nature, brought her palpably before us, and awakened our sympathies. There was a rudeness-an absolute want of comfort about all her appointments, which touched us with pity, and led us back to the turbulent and half civilized men by whom she was surrounded, and from whom she had little reason to expect forbearance as a woman or obedience as a queen. The closet, to which we were shewn the secret staircase where the assassins entered, seems scarcely of sufficient dimensions to allow the persons, who are said to have been assembled there, the simplest accommodations for a repast; especially if Darnley was of so gigantic proportions as the armour still preserved there, and asserted to be his, testifies. Poor Mary, notwithstanding her errors, and the mistakes into which she was driven by the fierce spirit of her evil times, is now remembered throughout her realm with a sympathy and warmth of appreciation which failed to cheer her sufferings during life. Almost constantly you meet with memorials of her. In the castle of Edinburgh you have pointed out to you a miserable, dark room, about eight feet square, where her son, James the Sixth, was born in the Parthenon, among the gatherings of the Antiquarian Society, you are shown the cup from which she used to feed her infant prince, and the long white kid gloves, strongly embroidered with black, which she was said to have worn upon the scaffold; and in the dining-hall at Abbotsford, you start at a most distressing portrait of her—a head in a chargertaken the day after her execution. Near the cathedral of Peterborough, where her body was interred, the following striking inscription was once put up in Latin. It was almost immediately removed, and the writer never discovered; and we are indebted to Camden for its preservation : Mary, queen of Scots, daughter of a king, kinswoman and next heir to the queen of England, adorned with royal virtues and a noble spirit, having often, but in vain, implored to have the rights of a prince done unto her, is, by a barbarous and tyrannical cruelty, cut off. And by one and the same infamous judgment, both Mary of Scotland is punished with death, and all kings now living are made liable to the same. A strange and uncouth kind of grave is this, wherein the living are included with the dead; for we know that with her ashes the majesty of all kings and princes lies here depressed and violated. But because this regal secret doth admonish all kings of their duty, traveller, I shall say no more.' "In the modern portion of Holyrood is a pleasant suite of apartments, which were occupied by Charles the Tenth of France, when he found refuge in Scotland from his misfortunes at home. They have ornamented ceilings, and are hung with tapestry. |