Introduction to the Theory of Science and Metaphysics

absolute abstract according action activity adaptation animal antinomies antithesis Aristotle assertion assume assumption causality cause character cogito ergo sum concept connection consciousness contradiction deduced definite Descartes determined dualism Dühring Edition effect empirical empiricism existence experience explain expression external phenomena external sense external world fact feeling freedom function given Hegel idea idealism impulse indefinitely independent individual inference infinite innate inner intuition investigation Kant Kant's knowledge Leibnitz limits logical matter means mechanical metaphysical mind monads monistic moral motion motives nature necessary necessity object organic origin perceived perception pheno phenomenal appearance phenomenon philosophy physical Plato possible presupposes principle priori processes proof prove psychical psychological nativism pure quantity question reality reason recognised regarded relation result retina Schopenhauer scientific sciousness self-consciousness sensation space Spinoza standpoint stimulation teleological theory things thought tion transcendental understanding unity universal valid world in space