judgment, ability, and spirit which mark these pages throughout can scarcely fail to produce a highly interesting result when brought to bear on the whole of the materials collected by the fair authoresses. We trust ethnology will come in for its full share of attention, and that the female instinct, which so often distances man's scientific ploddings and gropings, will, in this case also, maintain its wonted supremacy.

THE ETHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL.

THE general scope and character to be looked for in an Ethnological Journal are now, fortunately, so well understood, that, in introducing the present work to the public, we need scarcely do more than paraphrase the simple statements of our Prospectus. Ethnology is now taking rank not only among important, but even among popular sciences; and, so far is this from being a mere phase of fashion, to be hereafter displaced by some new fancy, that it is simply the result of an increased knowledge of the subject, and a result which must intensify in proportion as that knowledge increases. For Ethnology involves problems of the highest and deepest import; touches human interest, and the best and dearest of those interests, at so many points, that nothing but our still imperfect knowledge of its nature and resources prevents it from being universally and fully appreciated. Ethnology, in a word, is the science of man; the knowledge of all that differences him from other living things-the knowledge of all that differences him from himself, man from man, brother from brother, countryman from countryman, nation from nation, continent from continent. These differences, great and small, internal and external, obvious and subtle, are not matters which merely concern the amusements of learned leisure, or the gratification of scientific curiosity. They are intensely practical-perhaps the most practical of all our concerns, and equally practical whether we are ignorant or wise; fatally so in the one case, beneficently in the other. We are workers; our tools are men, our materials are men, and our knowledge of both is extremely limited. Must we not, then, frequently bungle and blunder, often fatally, often terrifically? Ethnology seeks to save us from these evils, and to offer us advantages now wholly beyond our reach. Who, then, can doubt its pre-eminent and inherent practicability, or the absolute universality of its interest?

True, Ethnology is in a very infantile condition; it gropes in darkness in a thousand directions; it often mingles truths and errors in a confusion

which few can unravel; but this is the inevitability of all young life, and it will grow out of this as other sciences have grown and are growing, and the rapidity of this growth will be exactly proportionate to the interest taken in the subject to the time and attention bestowed on its development. Already it has spread light, and removed or shaken errors in many directions, and, indeed, has gathered up a strength of which full advantage has not yet been taken. But events are rapidly progressing in its favour, and we see no reason why it should not, ere long, rise up before us, not, indeed, a complete or even an advanced science, but, at least, one placed on an organized and consistent basis, with laws which all must recognise, with facts which have passed out of the region of dispute. To contribute, in every possible way, to a result so desirable will be one of the leading aims of the present work.

The scope of Ethnology is so vast and important that a large amount of its work has already been done for it, irrespectively of its own claims, by labourers specially interested in the different sections of that work. Historians, antiquarians, philologists, mental students, travellers, and especially the investigators of anatomical, physiological, and biological science, offer to us at once a rich inheritance, of which it will be purely our own fault if we do not profit. But this inheritance must be applied, and it specially belongs to the Ethnologist to make this application. This is the focus to which these various lights must converge, and it is his place to point out to these various labourers the modes in which they can aid the science of man by special research. Hence an Ethnological Journal ought eagerly to welcome from all these different spheres of thought everything calculated to throw additional light on its own great central world. And hence no scientific periodical could have higher interest for the enlightened public than an Ethnological Journal, ably conducted and energetically supported by scientific men; but, then, all that depends. However, we shall do all that lies in our power to meet the requirements of the occasion; and we indulge the hope that scientific men will gradually turn their thoughts towards us, in proportion as they become aware of our existence and satisfied with the character of our labours.

We can, however, announce at once that this work will be conducted on the broadest and most liberal basis. Not only will it be open to all communications of merit having any direct bearing on its subject, but it will equally permit the freest criticism of its own proceedings and opinions. Indeed, in so far as such a thing is practical or proper, it will endeavour not to have any special opinions at all, as a Journal. The management will merely claim the privilege of the same freedom of utterance which it offers to every contributor.

That there is scope for a work of this kind must be obvious to all who look to what is taking place around us in connection with this subject; for, however numerous the channels in which it is now possible to lay an Ethnological paper before the public, there is already but one journal in this country expressly devoted to the science, viz., the "Anthropological Review," and there are obvious advantages in having an additional and monthly work. We have not the least doubt that there is abundant room for both, and we think it will be entirely their own fault if the success of each does not beneficially react upon the other.

We need only add that Criticism will constitute an important feature in the work; that the various theories of leading writers will be carefully and candidly examined; and that, as far as may be practicable, all new publications of importance will be briefly noticed or formally reviewed. We may also mention that, as soon as our arrangements are complete, we shall be enabled to offer regular Reports of the Proceedings and Discussions of the Ethnological Society of London, and, we trust, too, to receive those of the sister Society, the Anthropological.

THE ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Ar the meeting of the 7th instant, John Crawfurd, Esq., President, in the chair, Professor Busk laid on the table two skulls of Andaman Islanders, and two others recently extracted from a cave at Windmill Hill, Gibraltar. The former elicited remarks from the Professor, the President, Mr. Carter Blake, Mr. Manockjee Cursetjee of Bombay, and Dr. Donovan. With the Gibraltar skulls were found flint knives, a ground stone celt of greenstone, but no metal. The Professor believed them to belong to a race which once extended over the whole Iberian peninsula, but had formed no decided opinion as to whether or not they ought to be referred to the Basque type. Mr. Blake produced a Basque skull, and pointed out its strong resemblance to these ancient crania.

The paper of the evening was communicated by Professor Nilson, the celebrated Scandinavian antiquary, its subject being an attempt to explain the great monument of Stonehenge. This monument the Professor referred to the bronze era of archæology, and believed that he had succeeded in proving it a temple of Phoenician origin, devoted to the worship of the god Baal. This opinion, however, was not shared by those who addressed the meeting. Mr. Wright learnedly commented on the classical bearings of the evidence, and not only entirely rejected the Phoenician theory, but

E

regarded the monument as much more recent than it has been generally supposed. Mr. Crawfurd, while maintaining the great antiquity of Stonehenge, expressed his belief that the Phoenicians had never been in England at all. Mr. Burke also regarded Stonehenge as of remote and pre-historic antiquity, and believed that the stones, though rudely squared, and carefully fitted in the case of the imposts, were still untouched by metal tools, an opinion from which Professor Busk dissented, but which Mr. Crawfurd concurred in. Mr. Mackie was glad to hear Stonehenge referred to the stone period by the President, as he had long regarded the unhewn stone circles, and such like monuments, as belonging to the first portion of that early human era. In the case of Stonehenge he considered it certain that the blocks had been squared artificially, as the stones are of Tertiary age, and are naturally rounded concretions.

At the meeting of the 27th the paper read was " A Report on the Indian Tribes of the North-west Coast of America in the Vicinity of the 49th Parallel of North Latitude, by Captain Wilson." It was a long and very interesting communication, and accompanied by a number of photographs of natives, and various curiosities.

At the next meeting of the Society, which will close the session, and be held on the 4th of July, a paper will be read by Dr. Donovan on " Craniology and Phrenology in relation to Ethnology."

Among the recent contributions to ethnology, we have to note two important works-the "Researches into the History of Mankind" of Mr. Edward Burnet Tyler, and, still more recently, Sir John Lubbock's" Prehistoric Times"'—a review of which will appear in our next: and, in the "Fortnightly Review" of June 15th, Professor Huxley has a paper on the "Methods and Results of Ethnology" well worthy of a careful perusal.

Whether it be a sign of prejudice on the one side, or of credulity on the other, we will not undertake to say, but it would seem that Phrenology, though still so rigidly prescribed by the majority of the learned, has not lost its hold on the public mind, for we understand that it is proposed to include it among the attractions of the Polytechnic Institution, and that Dr. Donovan is to be its expounder.

Editorial Communications, Books for Review, &c., are to be addressed to the Editor, care of Messrs. TRÜBNER & Co., 60, Paternoster Row, London; or, F. A. BROCKHAUS, Leipsic.

THE

ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW.

THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW is an effort to supply a want which has long been felt by all who have directed any serious attention to the philosophy or natural history of Man. It will be a repository of facts, an arena for discussion, and a medium of communication between AnthroAll relevant pologists and travellers all over the world.

subjects will receive in its pages a free and fair consideration, irrespective of party or personal feelings; and it will be the aim of the Editors to see that every question is discussed purely on its merits, and that every shade of opinion shall be able to command a fair and adequate representation.

Neither will the work be a merely passive recipient of the communications of the learned, or of the facts brought to light by travellers and explorers. It will actively seek, by every available means, to promote the study of Man in all his leading aspects, physical, mental, and historical; to ascertain the laws of his origin and progress; to determine his place in nature and his relations to the inferior forms of life; by the encouragement of all researches tending to establish a de facto science of

man.

As a means of attaining these objects it will contain :1. Original Articles, or Translations of Original Communications in Foreign Languages.

2. Reviews of the principal British and Foreign Works on Anthro

pology.

3. Short Notices of the Minor Works bearing on the Science of Man.

4. Miscellaneous Anthropological Intelligence.

The Price to Annual Subscribers (paid to MESSRS. TRÜBNER) will be Twelve Shillings, or Post free Thirteen Shillings and Fourpence. Single Numbers, Four Shillings.

Books intended for review, and all communications relating to the Review, to be addressed to "The Editor of the AnthroAdvertisepological Review," 60, Paternoster Row, E.C. ments and Business Communications to be addressed to MESSRS. TRÜBNER & Co., 60, Paternoster Row.

The Journal of the Anthropological Society of London is appended to the Anthropological Review.

LONDON: TRÜBNER & Co., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW,
and all Booksellers.