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lords the States-General; and grounded upon those records which, by order of their late majesties King William, Queen Anne, and King George, are collected in that inestimable fund of history, Mr. Rymer's Foedera. Containing not only the letters that passed between the monarchs of England and foreign princes; their treaties and negotiations of peace, friendship, and commerce; battles, revolutions, and other important events in the history of England: but an account of the several grants from the crown to the nobility, &c., through all the reigns, from King William Rufus to the tenth year of King Charles I.; of the summons's to Parliament and Convocation; of royal mandates to the clergy and laity; dispensations for marriage; general and particular pardons; patents for honours, offices, manufactures, inventions, &c.; and numerous other publick acts relating to families, and our own domestick affairs. London, printed for James, John, and Paul Knapton, etc., [1734]. 828, (30) pp. 40 cm.

Note: This is the English of the Abrégé historique republished in vol. x of the Hague edition, No. 1096d, supra.

The Abrégé historique was a collected reprint of notices of each volume in the Bibliothèque choisie and in the Bibliothèque ancienne et moderne. These, except the first, were written by Rapin and published in one volume at The Hague. The work was translated into English by Stephen Whatley, 1726–27 (25 numbers, or 4 vols., 8vo) under the title "Acta regia; or An account of the treaties, letters, and instruments between the monarchs of England and foreign powers, published in Rymer's Foedera, which are the basis of the English history, and contain those authorities which rectify the mistakes that most of our writers have committed for want of such a collection of records. Translated from the French of M. Rapin, as published by M. Le Clerc." A folio edition of the translation was published in 42 numbers in 1732.

1098. COOPER, CHARLES PURTON (1793-1873). Appendices [A-E] to a report on Rymer's Foedera. London, 1869. 3 vols. Facsimiles.

26 cm.

Contents: i, Appendix A; ii, B-D; iii, E.

Appendix E: "A chronological catalogue of the materials transcribed for the new edition of the Foedera," 1343-1576.

Notes: The report was "intended to have been made to the late Commissioners on Public Records. As these appendices have been in store since the year 1837, ... and the Report was not made, . . . I have directed the Appendices, although imperfect, to be distributed . . . for Literary and Historical purposes.' -Prefatory note, dated 29 May 1869.

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"The attention of Mr. C. P. Cooper, the secretary to the then Record Commission, having been drawn to the Foedera [in 1834] . I was appointed to make a report on the subject, which I accordingly did. My report. was placed in the hands of Mr. W. H. Black to amplify, for the purpose of being published as Mr. Cooper's Report on the Foedera. A portion of this extended report was set up in type, but not worked,' and the types were distributed in the year 1836 before a single page was printed; a copy of it, however, is preserved at the Rolls House." -Sir Thomas Duffus Hardy, Syllabus of Rymer's Foedera, ii, p. xxxv, note. 1099. HARDY, SIR THOMAS DUFFUS (1804-78). Syllabus (in English) of the documents relating to England and other kingdoms contained in the collection known as "Rymer's Foedera." London, Longmans, Green & co. [etc.], 1869-85. 3 vols. 27 cm.

Contents: i, 1066-1377; ii, 1377-1654; iii, Appendix and Index.

Note: The prefaces of the first two volumes contain full discussions of the various editions, their merits, their authors, etc.

LATER COLLECTIONS

1100. NICOLSON, WILLIAM, BISHOP OF CARLISLE (1655-1727). Leges Marchiarum, or Border-laws: containing several original articles and treaties, made and agreed upon by the commissioners of the respective kings of England and Scotland, for the better preservation of peace and commerce upon the marches of both kingdoms: from the reign of Henry III. to the union of the two crowns in K. James I. With a preface, and an appendix of charters and records relating to the said treaties. London, printed for Tim. Goodwin, 1705. (8), lvi, 388 pp. 191 cm.

Contents: 1249-1597.

Note: 2d ed., 1747.

IIOI. A GENERAL COLLECTION of treatys, declarations of war, manifestos, and other publick papers, relating to peace and war, among the potentates of Europe, from 1648 to the present time. London, printed by J. Darby for Andrew Bell and E. Sanger, 1710. 19 cm.

Contents: 1648-1710.

A brief history of the French king's perfidiousness in the breach of solemn treatys, by way of introduction, pp. 3-35.

A memorial, containing the usurpations of France, during the reign of King Lewis XIV, pp. 437-442.

A deduction of the right and title of the crown of Great Britain . . . to all the straits, bays, seas, rivers, lakes, creeks, islands, shores, lands, territorys, and right and property of the Hudson's-Bay company, deriv'd from the imperial crown of Great Britain. . ., pp. 443-448.

1102. A GENERAL COLLECTION of treaties, manifesto's, contracts of marriage, renunciations, and other publick papers, from 1495 to the present time. London, printed by J. Darby for Andrew Bell and E. Sanger, 1713. 2 vols. 19 cm.

Contents: i, 1648–1710; ii, 1495-1712; Appendix, French documents, 1659-60, pp. 1-23, at end.

1103. A GENERAL COLLECTION of treatys of peace and commerce, renunciations, manifestos, and other publick papers, from the year 1642, to the end of the reign of Queen Anne. London, printed for J. J. and P. Knapton [etc.], 1732. Vols. iii-iv of preceding. 19 cm.

Contents: iii, 1642-1713; IV, "From the end of the reign of Queen Anne to the year 1731"; A supplement of treatys and other publick papers, omitted in the four preceding volumes, p. 254.

Index: " "Catalogue of the several treatys. . . in the four volumes. . . in a chronological order," at end.

Note: "The treaties contained in that work are not only very irregularly arranged, but upon comparing them with the detached copies published by authority, were found to be very inaccurately printed; and some treaties were wholly omitted.' - A Collection of all the treaties, etc., 1785, p. iv.

The four volumes of this collection represented by the three preceding titles (Nos. 1101-03) seem to have been republished with varying title pages as the several volumes were issued. Several sets that have been seen differ as to title pages in such a manner as to point to this conclusion.

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†1104. A COLLECTION of treaties, alliances, and conventions relating to the security, commerce, and navigation of the British dominions, made since His Majesty's accession. London, S. Buckley, 1717-18. 4to. Note: Most of the documents have a translation attached in Latin, French, or Spanish.

Vide Catalogue of the British Museum, England, col. 297.

1105. A COLLECTION of all the treaties of peace, alliance, and commerce, between Great Britain and other powers, from the Revolution in 1688 to the present time. London, printed for J. Almon, 1772. 2 vols.

21 cm.

Contents: i, "From 1688 to 1727"; ii, "From 1727 to 1771."

†1106. A COLLECTION of all the treaties of peace, alliance, and commerce between Great Britain and other powers, from the year 1619 to 1734. To which is added a discourse on the conduct of the government of Great Britain, in respect to neutral nations. By the Right Hon. Charles Jenkinson, secretary at war. The whole being a Supplement to a Collection, etc. London, printed for J. Almon and J. Debrett, 1781. 156 pp. 8vo.

Notes: The Jenkinson essay was first published in 1758.
Appendix to treaties, pp. 149-156.

1107.VA

COLLECTION of all the treaties of peace, alliance, and commerce, between Great-Britain and other powers, from the treaty of Munster in 1648 to the treaties signed at Paris in 1783. To which is prefixed a Discourse on the conduct of the government of GreatBritain in respect to neutral nations, by the Right Hon. Charles Jenkinson. London, printed for J. Debrett, 1785. 3 vols. 21 cm. Contents: i, 1648-1713; Discourse, pp. i-xlviii; ii, 1713-48; iii, 1740-84.

1108. CHALMERS, GEORGE (1742-1825). A collection of treaties between Great Britain and other powers. London, John Stockdale, 1790. 2 vols. 22 cm.

Contents: (each country prefaced by a list of treaties): Historical preface, pp. iiixii; Russia, Sweden, Denmark, Hanse towns, Prussia, States General, Austrian Netherlands, France; ii, Spain, Portugal, Sardinia, Tuscany, Two Sicilies, Genoa and Venice, Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli, the Porte, Bengal and Oude, the Nizam, Arcot, Tanjour, Hyder Ally Khan, Tippoo Sultaun, the American States. Note: "I have printed... those treaties which are most frequently perused; I have referred to those treaties which are often consulted. I have preserved

a chronological order, while I have brought together the treaties which at various times have been formed with each different nation. Without any strong motive of choice, I began with Russia, in the north; I regularly proceeded to the south of Europe."- Preface.

†1109. TREATIES between His Britannic Majesty and other powers, 1762-1814. London, [1814?].

Cited in India Office Library Catalogue, i, p. 33.

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IIIO. BRITISH AND FOREIGN STATE PAPERS. 1812- London,

For full notice of this work, see No. 94.

IIII. TREATY SERIES. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by command of Her [His] Majesty. March 1892. London, Her [His] Majesty's stationery office [etc.], 1892- 24 cm.

Note: Issued with serial numbers by years, thus: Various papers by command from c. 6587 (No. 1. and from cd. 5 (No. 18. 1899) to cd. 9027 (No. 10. 1919) to cmd

Indexes: General index to Treaty series.

(c. 8336).

"Treaty series. No. 1. 1892." 1892) to c. 9505 (No. 17. 1899) 1917) and from cmd. 7 (No. 1.

1892-96. Treaty series. No. 2. 1897

1902 (cd. 913).

No. 18.

1907 (cd. 3605). 1912 (cd. 6036).

1897-1901. Treaty series. No. 2. . 1902-1906. Treaty series. .1907-11. Treaty series. No. 4.

1912-16. Treaty series. No. 4. 1917 (cd. 8466).

A most useful feature of this series since 1910 has been: Accessions, Withdrawals, etc., published as follows: Nos. 5 and 6 (1910), cd. 5026 and 5027; No. 6 (1911), cd. 5555; No. 14 (1912), Cd. 6204; No. 9 (1913), cd. 6808; No. 7 (1914), cd. 7359; No. 10 (1915), cd. 8015.

PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS

British Parliamentary Papers constitute one of the most important collections of diplomatic sources, especially among English-speaking peoples, whose larger libraries frequently possess complete sets. The Foreign Office papers of late years usually make about two volumes of the annual papers, and are brought together in the last volumes of each year. Foreign Office papers cover topics in the foreign relations of the British Empire on which it is expedient to furnish Parliament with information. They do not purport to give a complete record of Foreign Office correspondence. No attempt is here made to identify the 'blue' and 'white' papers properly noticeable in this work, but many of them are listed under the subjects or states with which they deal.

Respecting Parliamentary Papers, which constitute the first official publication of governmental documents, the following notes have been authoritatively printed:

"Parliamentary Papers are either papers of the House of Lords or papers of the House of Commons. Being presented during the session of Parliament, they are termed the Sessional Papers of either House.

"Among the Sessional Papers of each House a distinction arises, according as the papers are (1) presented in pursuance of an Act of Parliament or in return to an order of the House; or (2) presented by command of His Majesty.

"As papers presented by Command are (with one or two exceptions) presented to both Houses of Parliament alike, they appear among the Sessional Papers of each House. . . . The papers of each House originating otherwise than by Command are called House of Lords Papers or House of Commons Papers, according to the House to which they belong.

Command Papers. Papers are presented by Command of His Majesty in order to convey to Parliament (and the public) information on matters of which it is considered desirable by the Government

of the day that Parliament should be informed. Originally, no doubt, the object of doing so was to lay the state of affairs of a particular department of government before the representatives of the people, and so to induce them to vote the money for that particular branch of the King's service. But many of these papers have now become a matter of routine. . . . Others contain diplomatic correspondence, or relate to the condition of trade at home and abroad. In fact, it is difficult to say what subjects are included, and they have all sorts of degrees of importance and urgency. A popular government can hardly be conducted without an abundance of published information; and a Ministry which professes to govern by popular consent is bound to supply its supporters with detailed information or expose itself to suspicion of inertness and negligence.

"Until very recent years presentation to Parliament was, with the exception of the Gazette, practically the sole method of publication which a government possessed. With the growing influence of public opinion it became more and more necessary to make use of this channel, in order to influence the opinion by which it lived.

"Hence Command Papers much increased in numbers during last century, Governments finding it wise to issue spontaneous information, without waiting for it to be called for by Parliament.

"When Parliament was not sitting, this channel was stopped. Yet an urgent situation might arise (say) in foreign affairs, and, there being no other recognised method of publishing full intelligence, the public might be left in the dark, when it was most necessary to take them into confidence. This led to the alteration of presenting when the Houses are not sitting

1

"Command Papers (unless presented in 'dummy') are presented in a printed form, and compose a numbered series, irrespective of the session in which they are presented. The numbers are always enclosed within square brackets. The first series, from [1] to [4222], ends with session 1868-9. The second series, distinguished as [c. 1] to [c. 9550), ends with session 1899. The third series, distinguished as [cd. 1] to [cd. ] is in currency at present. . . .

"The earliest publication of Parliamentary Papers in bound volumes appears to be the collection in four volumes of Reports from Select Committees of the House of Commons, which was made in pursuance of an order of the House of the 28th June 1773 (Comm. Journ., vol. χχχίν. Ρ. 385).

"These were reprinted, and eleven volumes added, by order of the House of the 30th July 1803, the whole making a collection of fifteen volumes of 'Reports from Committees of the House of Commons, which have been printed by order of the House, and are not inserted in the Journals,' covering the period 1715-1800. To these a sixteenth

1 Under recent Standing Orders a Command Paper may be presented to either House of Parliament when the House is not in session, by delivery to one of its officers. (Such a paper is included in the Sessional Papers of the past or of the coming session.)

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