IMPEDIMENT,

Unavoidable, to loading of cargo, 508.

IMPRESSED STAMP,

When, may be used on charter-party, 25.

Must be used in India on reference to arbitration, 553.

IMPROPER DUNNAGE,

Liability of owner for, 326.

IMPROPER NAVIGATION,

Exception of, in club Policies, 633.

INDORSEE,

Of bill of lading liable for whole chartered freight, 528.
INEVITABLE ACCIDENT,

What is an, 622.

INJUNCTION,

When it will be granted for wrongful use of ship, 96.
To prevent purchaser interfering with sailing of ship, 99.
When mortgagee may be restrained by, 100.

INSURRECTION,
Exception of, 569.

INTENTION,

Of parties must be considered in construing charter-parties, 28.
INTERLINEATION,

Effect of, in the charter, 35.

INTERPRETATION,

Will be given to the contract which is least favorable to the party
upon whom an obligation is imposed, 30.

Of contract when terms are ambiguous, 30.

Of contract which can be construed in two ways, 30.

Must be given to every part of the charter, if possible, 41.

JETTISON,

Definition of, 611.

To constitute, cargo must be thrown overboard to lighten ship, 611.
Who must contribute in case of, 612.

Of deck cargo, 613.

Deck load, cannot claim contribution except by custom, 613.

There must be common danger for voluntary sacrifice, 614.
Rendered necessary by storm a peril of the sea, 637.

JUDGE,

Has to construe the charter-party, 26.

JUDGMENT,

Against part owner, bars suit against remainder, 110.

JURY,

May decide on technical expressions but not on the construction, 26.

KING'S ENEMIES,

Exception of, 574.

LATENT DEFECT,

In shaft is breach of warranty of seaworthiness, 607.

LAW OF THE FLAG,

How parties are bound by, 133, 154.

LAWFUL MERCHANDISE,

Shipper's right of election to ship, 196.

LAY-DAYS,

Count if charterer gives no order to sail to port of discharge, 229.
Do not begin till notice is given charterer of vessel's arrival, 268.
When they begin, 300.

When expressed for loading or discharging, 511.

Of owner in case of demise of ship, 6.

When created by ownership, 7.

Of owner of demised unseaworthy ship, 8.

Of owner for collision when he has possession of ship, 15.

Of owner for negligence of master, 21.

Of registered owner, 68.

Of owner for unauthorised acts of master, 74.

Of agent to third parties, 75.

Of foreign principal when agent signs charter, 86.

Of agent of undisclosed principal, 92.

Of charterer, shipper having had notice of charter, 134.

Of charterer's agent with notice of charter, 137.

Of master when he is charterer, 138.

Of consignee under lien clause, 230.

Of charterer attaches, after ship is placed at his disposition, 242.

LIEN,

Vests in owner for freight when he has possession of ship, 14.
Rule as to construction of lien and cesser clause, 33.

By owners for lump freight, 124.

Of master who is also charterer, 124.

Of owner for freight in general ship, 130.

LIEN-continued.

In the event of charterer not giving orders at port of call, 228.

Damages for not loading in a reasonable time not a subject of, 284.

May be frustrated by master signing bills of lading inconsistently
with charter, 357.

None for freight where none on ship, 398.
For demurrage under cesser clause, 404.
For freight secured by common law, 433.
None at law for dead freight, 435.

For advance freight destroyed if goods are carried if not paid at
time named, 461.

Will be destroyed by delivery of goods, 487.

Of owner on goods lasts as long as he has possession of the ship, 499.
Clause in charter-party covers freight payable during the voyage, 519
Master has, on cargo whilst in his possession, 520.

Essential right to, is possession, 520.

Does not exist where payment of freight is not contemporaneous with
delivery, 521.

Master has no prospective, for freight, 522.

Not necessarily lost if cargo warehoused, 524.

Does not attach where cargo is to be delivered before payment of
freight, 524.

If freight unearned, does not exist, 530.

None exists in respect of advances, 530.

Under one contract does not extend to other contracts, 531.

Master has, on goods for expenses incurred, 531.

Under Merchant Shipping Act, 1889, 531.

When, does not exist for wharfage, demurrage, pilotage, port charges
or unliquidated damages for short loading, 531.

Owner may be divested of, by charter-party, 532.

Where the ship is demised, 536.

By person making advances for the shipment of the cargo, 537.
In respect of dead freight, 537.

LIGHTERAGE,

Costs of, when payable by charterer, 336.

Consignee when liable for, 339.

LIGHTNING,

Is not a peril of the sea, 639.

LOAD,

Charterer may refuse to, vessel other than that named, 151.
Charterer may refuse to, vessel of an inferior class, 166.

When obligation of charterer to, is discharged, 187.
Ship must be ready to, 271.

LOAD-continued.

To, in regular turn, 276.

To, in safety always afloat, 316.

Failure of charterer to, in agreed time, 361.

LOADING,

Evidence admissible to show meaning of, 52, 276.

Evidence admissible to prove custom as to manner of, 184.
If manner of, improper, charterer must protest, 185.

If, of vessel complete, owner not liable, 186.

May be more than contract requires, 186.

When charterer's obligation of, is discharged, 187.
Owner's breach of warranty excuses charterer's, 209.
Port of, must be named by charterer, 224.
Excused by vessel's unseaworthiness, 261.

Liability of charterer for not, in stipulated time, 273.
Meaning of customary, 281, 284.

Conveyance of cargo to the port of, no part of the, 281.
Meaning of, 281.

With usual despatch, 299.

Time for, must expire before breach complete, 362.

Cargo must be ready at port of, 366.

When, of cargo is not prevented by frost, 508.

Unavoidable impediment to, 508.

Lay-days for, and unloading must be kept separate, 514.

Begins in and at place named in charter, 514.

When prevented by ice, 602.

LOCAL CUSTOM,

MANAGING OWNER,
Powers and duties of, 66.
Registration of name of, 69.

MARGINAL NOTES,

Effect of, in charter, 45, 190.

MASTER,

When charterer's servant, 6.

When owner's servant, 12, 130.

When nominated by charterer, but paid by owner, effect of, 13.
Owner when liable for acts of, 15, 21.

Power of, to enter into charter-parties, 71.

Has no authority to cancel charter-party, 71.

Cannot alter destination or amount of freight, 71.

Cannot authorise broker in foreign port to charter ship before her
arrival, 72.

May settle demurrage claims, 73.

Owner not bound by unauthorised acts of, 74.

Effect of, signing sub-charter, 86.

Lien of, who is also charterer, 124.

Duty of, to give notice of charter to shipper, 128.

Authority of, to sign bill of lading for charterer, 130.
Liability of, when he is charterer, 138.

If charterer fails to load, must try to obtain freight, 144.
Authority of, to borrow money, 149.

If ports not named, may elect to which he will proceed, 226.

Bound to use all reasonable means to reach port of discharge, 234.

Must discharge cargo, if necessary, 234.

Not bound to discharge part of cargo to enter port, 250.

Must stow cargo properly, though stevedore is not appointed by
charterer, 341.

Not liable for negligent stowage by charterer's stevedore, 341.
When bound to sign bills of lading as presented, 354.

Effect of, signing bills of lading inconsistent with charter-party, 357.
When, may be regarded as agent for owner or charterer, 359.
Duty of, when charterer fails to load, 362.

Has no lien on freight where no lien on ship, 398, 531.
When charterer's servant cannot sue owner for wages, 398.
Must not sign bill of lading for less than agreed freight, 466.
Has lien on cargo whilst in his possession, 520.

May detain balance of the cargo for balance of freight, 520.
Is not bound to part with the goods till freight is paid, 521.
This right does not extend to wharfage fees, 522.