18. Where the Sanitary Authority have arranged for the daily removal of house refuse in their district, or in any part thereof, the owner of any premises in such district or part thereof shall provide an ashpit which shall consist of one or more movable receptacles, sufficient to contain the house refuse which may accumulate during any period not exceeding three days, which the Sanitary Authority may determine, and of which the Sanitary Authority shall give notice by public announcement in their district. Each of such receptacles shall be constructed of metal, and provided with one or more suitable handles and cover. The capacity of each of such receptacles shall not exceed

two cubic feet.

Provided always that this by-law shall not apply to the owner of any premises until the expiration of three months after the Sanitary Authority have publicly notified their intention to adopt a system of daily collection of house refuse in that part of their district which comprises such premises.

19. Where any receptacle shall have been provided as an ashpit for any premises in pursuance of any by-law in that behalf, no person shall deposit the house refuse which may accumulate on such premises in any ashpit that does not comply with the requirements of these by-laws.

20. Every person who shall construct a cesspool in connection with a building, shall construct such cesspool at a distance of one hundred feet at the least from a dwelling house or public building, or any building in which any person may be, or may be intended to be, employed in any manufacture, trade, or business.

21. A person who shall construct a cesspool in connection with a building, shall not construct such cesspool within a distance of one hundred feet from any well, spring or stream of water.

22. Every person who shall construct a cesspool in connection with a building, shall construct such cesspool in such a manner and in such a position as to afford ready means of access to such cesspool, for the purpose of cleansing such cesspool, and of removing the contents thereof, and in such a manner and in such a position as to admit of the contents of such cesspool being removed therefrom, and from the premises to which such cesspool may belong, without being carried through any dwelling-house, or public building, or any building in which any person may be, or may be intended to be, employed in any manufacture, trade, or business.

He shall not in any case construct such cesspool so that it shall have, by drain or otherwise, any means of communication with any sewer or any overflow outlet.

23. Every person who shall construct a cesspool in connection with a building, shall construct such cesspool of good brickwork bedded and grouted in cement, properly rendered inside with cement, and with a backing of at least nine inches of well-puddled clay around and beneath such brickwork, and so that such cesspool shall be perfectly watertight.

He shall also cause such cesspool to be arched or otherwise properly covered over, and to be provided with adequate means of ventilation.

24. A person shall not use as a receptacle for dung any receptacle so constructed or placed that one of its sides shall be formed by the wall of any room used for human habitation, or under a dwellinghouse, factory, workshop, or workplace, and he shall not use any receptacle in such a situation that it would be likely to cause a nuisance or become injurious or dangerous to health.

25. Every owner of any existing receptacle for dung shall, before the expiration of six months from the date of the confirmation of these by-laws, and every person who shall construct a receptacle for dung, shall cause such receptacle to be so constructed that its capacity shall not be greater than two cubic yards, and so that the bottom or floor thereof shall not, in any case, be lower than the surface of the ground adjoining such receptacle.

He shall so construct such receptacle that a sufficient part of one of its sides shall be readily removable for the purpose of facilitating cleansing.

He shall also cause such receptacle to be constructed in such a manner and of such materials, and to be maintained at all times in such a condition as to prevent any escape of the contents thereof, or any soakage therefrom into the ground or into the wall of any building.

He shall cause such receptacle to be so constructed that no rain or water can enter therein, and so that it shall be freely ventilated into the external air.

Provided that a person who shall construct a receptacle for dung, the whole of the contents of which are removed not less frequently than every forty-eight hours, shall not be required to construct such receptacle so that its capacity shall not be greater than two cubic yards.

And provided that a person who shall construct a receptacle for dung, which shall contain only dung of horses, asses or mules with stable litter, and the whole of the contents of which are removed not less frequently than every forty-eight hours, may, instead of all other requirements of this by-law, construct a metal cage, and shall beneath such metal cage adequately pave the ground at a level not lower than the surrounding ground, and in such a manner and to such an extent as will prevent any soakage into the ground; and if such cage be placed near to or against any building he shall adequately cement the wall of such building in such a manner and to such an extent as will prevent any soakage from the dung within or upon such receptacle into the wall of such building.

26. The occupier of any premises shall cause every watercloset belonging to such premises to be thoroughly cleansed from time to time as often as may be necessary for the purpose of keeping such watercloset in a cleanly condition.

The occupier of any premises shall once at least in every week cause every earthcloset, privy, and receptacle for dung belonging to such premises to be emptied and thoroughly cleansed.

The occupier of any premises shall once at least in every three months cause every cesspool belonging to such premises to be emptied and thoroughly cleansed.

Provided that where two or more lodgers in a lodging-house are entitled to the use in common of any watercloset, earthcloset, privy, cesspool, or receptacle for dung, the landlord shall cause such watercloset, earthcloset, privy, cesspool, or receptacle for dung to be cleansed and emptied as aforesaid.

The landlord, or owner of any lodging-house, shall provide and maintain in connection with such house, watercloset, earthcloset, or privy accommodation in the proportion of not less than one watercloset, earthcloset, or privy, for every twelve persons.

For the purposes of this by-law, "a lodging-house means a house or part of a house which is let in lodgings or occupied by members of more than one family. Landlord" in relation to a house or part of a house which is let in lodgings, or occupied by members of more than one family, means the person (whatever may be the nature or extent of his interest) by whom or on whose behalf such house or part of a house is let in lodgings or for occupation by members of more than one family, or who for the time being receives or is entitled to receive the profits arising from such letting. Lodger" in relation to a house or part of a house which is let in lodgings or occupied by members of more than one family, means a person to whom any room or rooms in such house or part of a house may have been let as a lodging or for his use or occupation.

Nothing in this by-law shall extend to any common lodging-house. 27. The owner of any premises shall maintain in proper condition of repair every watercloset, earthcloset, privy, ashpit, cesspool, and receptacle for dung, and the proper accessories thereof belonging to such premises.

Penalties.

28. Every person who shall offend against any of the foregoing bylaws shall be liable for every such offence to a penalty of five pounds, and in the case of a continuing offence to a further penalty of forty shillings for each day after written notice of the offence from the Sanitary Authority. Provided nevertheless that the court before whom any complaint may be made or any proceedings may be taken in respect of any such offence nay, if the court think fit, adjudge the payment as a penalty of any sum less than the full amount of the penalty imposed by this by-law.

The seal of the London County Council was hereunto affixed on the 22nd day of June, 1893.

L. S.

H. DE LA HOOKE,

Clerk of the Council.

Allowed by the Local Government Board this 28th day of June, 1893.

L. S.

HUGH OWEN,
Secretary.

HENRY FOWLER,

President.

Statistics.

CORN PRICES.

RETURN OF THE AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN, IMPERIAL MEASURE, AS RECEIVED FROM THE INSPECTORS AND OFFICERS OF EXCISE DURING THE UNDER-MENTIONED PERIODS.

The Weather and the Wheat Crop of 1893.

In 1878 the number of acres devoted to wheat in the United Kingdom was returned as 3,381,701, but in 1893, for the same area, the return was only 1,955,213.

In 1878 the average price for the year was 46s. 5. a quarter, fluctuating from 51s. 11d. in January to 39s. 7d. in October. For the year 1893 the average price for the whole year was only 26s. 4d., fluctuating between the maximum price of 27s. 10d. in October and the minimum of 24s. Ed. in March. With such a drop in the average price which has taken place during the past 15 years, it can hardly be a matter of surprise that the area devoted to the growth of wheat in 1893 was so much less than in 1878. Although the oat crop now claims many more acres than the wheat crop, and the barley crop claims almost as many, and with the fact staring us in the face that it is almost impossibleunless under exceptional circumstances to grow wheat at the present time at a profit, still, in all probability, wheat will be grown, to a large extent, for many years to come, in

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