whom Paul salutes in his epistle to ed with the thoughts of men, Psalm the Romans, xvi. 15. cxxxix. 2. The thoughts of men deOLYMPIUS JUPITER, a Hea-termined both by the objects, by the then god, whose statue Antiochus law of imagination, and by the preEpiphanes caused to be set up in the ceding state, as so many reasons of temple of Jerusalem, where it re-action, are all known to God, Heb. mained for three years, till removed iv. 13.

by Judas Maccabeus. This idol is OMRI, a sheaf of corn, a rebelcalled, Dan. xii. 11. the abomination lious or bitter people, was general of that maketh desolate. the forces to Elah, king of Israel.

OMER, was a measure of capacity Being informed, as he besieged Gibin use among the Hebrews, contain- bethon, that Zimri had murdered ing six pints very nearly. It was the his master and his whole family, and tenth part of an ephah, and was the usurped the throne at Tirzah, he hastmeasure of manna which God ap-ed thither, and laid siege to the place. pointed for every Israelite, Exod. When Zimri found himself unable to xvi. 16, 36. See EPHAH. defend the city against Omri, he, on

OMNIPOTENCE, one of the the seventh day of his reign, burnt divine attributes, Rev. xix. 6. denot-the palace on himself and his family. ing the power of producing every For about four years there ensued a possible thing without exception: for civil war between Omri and Tibni, as God exists by an absolute necessity the son of Ginath. At last, Tibni, beof nature, so he contains in himself ing dead, Omri obtained the throne, a reason sufficient for the existence and reigned about eight years alone, of all contingent things. and twelve in all. Having purchased OMNIPRESENCE, that perfec-a hill from one Shemer, he built a tion of God by which he perfectly fine city thereon, and called it Samaknows all things, and works all in ria, and made it the capital of his all; or it is his knowledge conjoined kingdom. He was more wicked than with his power, as exerted in the Jeroboam, or any of his predecessors. government of the world, Ps. cxxxix. He enacted a number of idolatrous 1, &c. Jer. xxiii. 24. Acts xvii. 27, laws, which were but too well ob28. Seeing the divine nature is per-served many ages afterward. He died fectly simple, all composition is to be at Samaria, A. M. 3086, and was far removed from it. It is neither succeeded by Ahab, 1 Kings xvi. 15 diffused nor extended through the-29. Mic. vi. 16. universe, nor blended with the creature; but to be considered as a presence consistent with the nature of a spirit, which can only be by means of understanding, by which it forms representations or ideas, and of will, by which it brings its ideas to effect.

ON. See AVEN, KORAH.
ONAN. See JUDAH.

ONCE, not once or twice, or once, yea twice; i. e. frequently, 2 Kings vi. 10. Job xxxiii. 14. God's speaking once, yea twice, signifies, that he does it often by his word, his Spirit, and providence, to men for their good, and to convince them that power belongs to him, Psa. lxii. 11.

OMNISCIENCE, that perfection of God, by which he knows distinctly all things, the manner how they may become actual, and their futuri- ONE, (1.) One only, besides tion; his knowledge thus plainly ex- which there is none other of the tends to every possible thing, with- kind; so God is one, and Christ is out a possibility of knowing more, the one Mediator and Master: but 1 John iii. 20. Job xxviii. 24. And in the phrase God is one, it may that he knows all future things, ap- denote one of the parties to be reconpears from Isa. xli. 26. and xlii. 9. ciled, 1 Tim. ii. 5. Eccl. xii. 11. as also that he is intimately acquaint-Gal. iii. 20. (2.) The same, either

in substance; so the divine Persons considerations of friendship, religion, are one, 1 John v. 7. John x. 30. piety, and tenderness. or in number: thus all the world had ONESIPHORUS, bringing profil, one language after the flood, Gen. xi. a native of Asia, perhaps of Ephesus. 1. or in kind; thus one plague was on There he was extremely kind to the the Philistines and their lords, 1 apostle Paul. Coming to Rome when Sam. vi. 4. or in office; so Paul who Paul was in prison, he sought him planted the churches, and Apollos out, and to the utmost of his power who watered them, were one in their comforted and assisted him. Paul general office and aim as ministers of prays that the Lord would graciously Christ, 1 Cor. iii. 8. (3.) United reward him and his family at the last together; so Christ and his people day, 2 Tim. i. 16, 17, 18. are one; they are one by his Spirit ONION, a well-known herb, of dwelling in them, by their faith and which Tournefort mentions 13 kinds, love to him, by their intimate fel- and to which what we call lecks are lowship with and their likeness to reducible. The Strasburg, the red, him; and they are one among them- the Spanish, and the white onion, are selves. They are all members of his propagated chiefly for their bulbous one mystical body; have one Lord, root. If eaten in moderation, they one Spirit, one Faith, one Baptism, one are very useful to thin the blood, Hope; love one another, possess the cleanse the stomach, excite appetite, same privileges, aims, and works, &c. but if they be too largely eaten, John xvii. 21, 23. Rom. xii. 5. Eph. they affect the head and disturb the iv. 3-6. and they are of one heart, sleep. Onions, whether boiled, roastand mind, and mouth, when they ar-ed, or raw, are excellent for ripening dently love one another as Christians, pestilential boils. The peevish crav have similar views of divine truth, ings of the Israelites for onions, and are much the same in profession such as they had in Egypt, showed and manner of speech, Acts iv. 32. clearly the ingratitude of their hearts, Rom. xv. 6. God made but one wo- their pride, self-will, and unbelief. man, though, having the residue of The Hebrews and other poor peothe Spirit, he had power to create ple in Egypt, lived much on leeks multitudes, that he might seck a godly and onions, Numb. xi. 5.

sced, have children regularly produ- ONYCHA. Jarchi, the Jewish ced, and religiously educated, Mal. interpreter, thinks it to be the root of ii. 15. To have one lot, and one purse, a certain spice; others think it is the is to be joined in the closest fellow-same as laudanum; and others think ship, Prov. i. 14. it to be bdellium. Perhaps it was ra

ONESIMUS, profitable, useful, ther the shell of the onyx fish, which a Phrygian by birth, and slave to Phi- is very odoriferous, and is a principal lemon; who, deserting the service of ingredient in the Indian perfumes, as his master, robbed him, and fled to aloes are in their pills. The best Rome, where he was converted by onyx fish were caught in the Red Sea, Paul, and sent back with a letter to from whence Moses might easily obhis master Philemon; which we have tain what onycha was necessary for amongst Paul's epistles, and which has his sacred incense or perfume, Exalways ranked among the canonical odus xxx. 34.

books of the New Testament. This ONYX, a precious jewel, someepistle had all the good success Paul what like a human nail, and which could desire. Onesimus became after- is thought by modern naturalists to wards an eminent Christian; and we be a kind of agate. It looks transare told that Paul made him bishop parent, and has belts and veins of a of Berea, in Macedonia. This epis-different colour; perhaps it is a kind tle may pass for a master-piece of elo- of chrystal mingled with earth. We quence in the persuasive kind, from know of five kinds of it, (1.) The

bluish white, with broad white and thereby persuade the will to streaks around it; this is very com-receive Jesus and his fulness into mon in the East Indies, and is found the soul, Luke xxiv. 32, 45. Acts in New Spain, Germany, and Italy. xxvi. 18. and xvi. 14. His opening (2.) The onyx of a bluish white, with of Christ's ears, may denote his fursnow-white veins scattered through nishing him with an obedient manit. (3.) The onyx with red veins, hood, Psal. xl. 6. He opens men's called the sardonyx, as if it were a cars, when he inclines them to be atmixture of the sardius and onyx. It tentive to his word and providences, was the 5th foundation of the New Job xxxvi. 10, 15. He opens their Jerusalem, Rev. xxi. 29. (4.) The lips, when he gives them encourageonyx similar to the jasper. (5.) The ment to pray, and ground to praise brown onyx with bluish white veins him; and by his Spirit gives a holy around it. The first of these kinds freedom therein, Psal. li. 15. God was the onyx of the ancients; but opens to men, when he grants them whether the SHOHAM of the Hebrews his presence and blessing, Matt. vii. signify that, or the emerald, we can 7. He opened the side of Moab, hardly determine. It is certain, when he gave the enemy an easy there was plenty of shoham in the entrance into their countries or cities, land of Havilah; and Pliny says, Ezek. xxv. 9. In this sense too, there were quarries of onyx-marble the gates of Assyria, and of Ninein Arabia, Gen. ii. 12.-It was the veh, and Babylon, are said to be 11th stone in the high priest's breast-opened by him, Nah. iii. 13. and ii. plate, Exod. xxviii. 20. 6. Isa. xlv. 1. Christ opens, and

OPEN, what every one had ac-none shuts, and shuts, and none opens ; cess to enter into, or to behold, Nah. A master of a family or a prince has iii. 13. Gen. i. 20. And to OPEN one or more keys, wherewith he can is, (1.) To set open a door, that open or shut all the doors of his any body may enter in, or go out, house or palace. So had David a

Acts xvi. 26. (2.) To uncover, ren-key, (a token of right and sovereignder visible or manifest, Exod. xxi. ty,) which was afterwards adjudged 33. (3.) To declare, unfold, explain, to Eliakim, Isa. xxii. 22. Much Luke xxiv. 32. (4.) To cause to more has Christ the son of David, bring forth, Isa. xli. 18. God's eyes the key of the spiritual city of Daand ears being open, denotes his vid, the New Jerusalem, the supreme exact observations of men's conduct, right, power, and authority, as in his bis regard to his people's ease, and own house. He openeth this to all his readiness to answer their pray-that overcome, and none shuttethers, Neh. i. 6. Jer. xxxii. 19. 1 he shutteth it against all the fearful, Pet. iii. 12. His hands and trea- and none opencth. Likewise when sures are opened, when, by his pow-he openith a door on earth for his er and goodness, he liberally confers works or his servants, none can shut : his favours on his creatures, Psal. and when he shutteth against whatciv. 28. Deut. xxviii. 12. God opens ever would hurt or defile, none can his armoury, when in his providence open, Rev. iii. 7. Men open or rehe raises armies, and furnishes them veal their cause to God, when they, with weapons of war, to execute in the prayer of faith, represent and his just wrath on sinners, Jer. 1. 25. commit it to them to redress their He opens his lips against men, wrongs, Jer. xi. 20. and xx. 12. To when, by his word and providence, open prisons, is to dismiss prisonhe, in a plain and powerful manner, ers to their liberty; this the Chalconvinces them of their guilt, Job deans did not, but retained them in xi. 5. He opens the heart, when he bonds till they died, Isa. Ixi. 1. and enlightens the eyes of the under- xiv. 17. Men's opening their doors standing to discern revealed truths, to travellers, imports their cheerfully

giving an invitation to strangers to en- OPHIR, ashes, making fruitful, tertainment and lodging, Job xxxi. the son of Joktan. Whether he gave 32. Their opening their hearts, or name to the country famous for gold, doors, to Christ, imports their ready or where that country was, we can receiving of him by faith and love, hardly determine. It is certain that Rev. iii. 20. Psal. xxiv. 8, 9, 10. its gold was renowned in the time of Heaven, the temple, or tabernacle, or, Job, Job xxii. 24. and xxviii. 16. and the church of God, is open, it was that from the time of David to the time so before the rise of Antichrist, and of Jehoshaphat, the Hebrews traded is so when there is free access to with it; and that Uzziah revived gospel-worship, when gospel-myste- this trade when he made himself ries are clearly explained and under- master of Elath, a noted port on the stood, and when God's providences Red Sea. In Solomon's time, the in her favour are clear and manifest, Hebrew fleet took up three years in Rev. iv. 1. and xi. 19. and xv. 5. their voyage to Ophir, and brought and xix. 11. Perhaps this is the open home gold, apes, peacocks, spices, door set before the Philadelphian ivory, ebony, and almug-trees, 1 church, Rev. iii. 8. Under the Kings ix. 28. and x. 11. and xxii. gospel, men with open face behold 48. 2 Chron. xxvi. and viii. 18. and the glory of the Lord,-see divine ix. 10. Some have it placed at Urtruths clearly, and stripped of cere- phe, an island in the Red Sea; others monial vails, even as the sight of justly reckoning this too near, have things in a glass is much more dis-placed it at Sophala, or in Zanguetinct and clear than to see them only bar, on the south-east of Africa; by their shadows, 2 Cor. iii. 18. It others have placed it about Guinea, is said, Numb. xxiv. 3. Baalam's on the west of Africa; and some at eyes were open. According to the Carthage, on the north of Africa; Hebrew, as noticed in the margin of others have still more fancifully reour Bible, the eyes of his mind had moved it to Peru, or some other been shut, but were opened in a place in America. Reland and Calpeculiar and prophetical manner; met place it in Armenia, where Ptowhence prophets are called Seers, 1 lemy mentions Oupara or Sophara : Sam. ix. 9. It implies, that before he but to what purpose the Jews should was blind and stupid, having eyes, carry on a trade with Armenia by but not seeing nor understanding. the round-about way of the Red Sea, OPERATION, work, Psalm we cannot conceive; nor can we bexxviii. 5. lieve that ships fit for coursing OPHEL, a tower, obscurity, a around Arabia, could have sailed up little white cloud, a wall and the Tigris, or Euphrates. Some will tower of Jerusalem, which seems to have Ophir to have been somewhere have been near the temple, and is in East India, either on the west of rendered stronghold, Mic. iv. 8. King it near Goa, or at the south-east part Jotham erected several structures on of it, or at Malabar, &c. Bochart, the wall of Ophel: Manasseh built with great industry, labours to fix it a well to the west of Jerusalem, and at Taprobane, or Ceylon, an East the fountain of Gihon beyond the Indian isle. Perhaps there was an city of David, from the fish-gate as Ophir in the south or east of Arabia far as Ophel. After the captivity, Felix, whose fine gold was known the Nethinims, that they might be to Job and David; and another more near their temple-service, dwelt at distant place in the East Indies, in Ophel. These things incline me to Malacca or Ceylon, and whither So think it was about the south-east|lomon's mariners pushed their trade, corner of Jerusalem, 2 Chron. xxvii. and called it Ophir, because they 3. and xxxiii. 14. Neh. iii. 26. and found gold in it as good as that in xi. 21. Arabia or, if there was no other

than that in Arabia, the East In- against their persons or authority, dians must have brought thither their and disobey or contemn their just apes, &c. laws, Rom. xiii. 2.

OPPORTUNITY, (1.) A fit time, OPPRESS. Some men oppress Matt. xxvi. 16. (2.) Fit circum- others, as when they fraudulently, or stances, Phil. iv. 10. by force, take their property from OPPOSE, RESIST, to strive by them, Lev. xxv. 14. Mal. iii. 5. Job word or deed against a person or xx. 19. 1 Thess. iv. 6. or when they thing. Men oppose themselves, when grievously harass and enslave them, they hold opinions and follow courses Deut. xxviii. 29. Exod. iii. 9. Sacontrary to their own profession, or tan oppresseth men, when by temptacontrary to the scriptures, which tion or possession he terribly torthey acknowledge their only stand-ments them, Acts x. 38. ard and rule of faith and practice. ORACLE, (1.) A divine declara2 Tim. ii. 25. Antichrist opposeth all tion of God's will; and so the whole that is called God; sets up himself of his inspired revelations are called, against or above the Heathen gods; 2 Sam. xvi. 23. 1 Pet. iv. 11. (2.) above the angels and magistrates; The Holy of Holies, from whence nay, above Jesus Christ and his Fa- God uttered his ceremonial laws to ther, by enacting contrary laws, of-the Hebrew nation in the time of fices, &c. 2 Thess. ii. 4. Opposi-Moses, and declared his mind on tion of science, falsely so called, are the other occasions, Exod. xxv. 22. 1 erroneous principles of the Heathen Kings vi. 16. and viii. 6. Psal. xxviii. philosophy as that a virgin could 2. God uttered his oracles in varinot possibly conceive a Son; or the ous manners: (1.) Sometimes by dead be raised; or the vain notions forming a voice, and conversing whereby the Gnostics, under pre- with the person who was informed: tence of great knowledge, opposed thus he spake to Moses, and to Sathe simplicity of the gospel, 1 Tim. muel, as a man to his friend. (2.) vi. 20. God resisteth the proud, by By predictory dreams, as of Joseph, baffling their purposes and endea- Pharaoh, Nebuchadnezzar, &c. (3.) vours, disappointing their hopes, and By visions, wherein his declaration punishing their wickedness, James of his mind was attended with some iv. 6. 1 Pet. v. 5. Satan resists men apparition, as to Abraham, Jacob, when he accuseth them to God, and by Solomon. (4.) By the Urim and continual temptations, strives to hin- Thummim, by means whereof the der them from doing good, Zech. iii. high priest was qualified infallibly to 1. Good men resist not their wicked declare the will of God. This was persecutors, by outrageously fighting a common method from the death against them, and rendering evil for of Moses till after the building of evil, James v. 6. Matt. v. 39. but Solomon's temple. (5.) By prophets, they resist unto blood striving against to whom, either by dreams, visions, sin, choosing rather to lose their life voices, or inspiration, he in an infallithan yield to any wicked law or cus-ble manner communicated the knowtom, Heb. xii. 4. They resist Satan, ledge of his will. On some partiby watching, praying, and striving cular occasions, he made wicked men, against his temptations, James iv. 7. as Balaam, Caiaphas, and the false 1 Pet. v. 9. Wicked men resist the prophets of Bethel, the instruments Holy Ghost, when they oppose his of communicating his mind. (6.) By convictions, and contemn his mira- his Son appearing in our nature, and culous operations, Acts vi. 10, and preaching in Canaan. (7.) By invii. 51. They resist the truth, when spiring his apostles and evangelists they dispute against it, and act con- with the knowledge of his mind, and trary to it, 2 Tim. iii. 8. They by them communicating it to others, resist magistrates, when they rebel Heb. i. 1. and ii. 3, 4. 2 I

VOL. II.