Staples's case, 2 East P. C. 728,.
Statham's case, 1 Leach 357,
Stear, Reg. v., 1 Den. C. C. 349,.
Steel v. Houghton, 1 H. Bl. 51,
Stephenson v. Hart, 4 Bing. 476,
Sterling's case, 1 Leach 99,

Stevens, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 83,
Steward's case, 2 East P. C. 702,
Steward v. Dunn, 12 M. & W. 655,
Stewart, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 174,
Rex v., R. & R. 363,

Stiles, Rex r., MSS. C. S. G.,
Stimpson, Reg. v., 9 Cox C. C. 356,
Stock, Rex v., R. & M. C. C. R. 87,

R. & R. 185,.

28

Stockton, Rex v

2 Leach 1015,

28

1002

PAGE

258, 1066

v. Newman, 9 Cox C. C. 314 and
4 B. & S. 89,

v. Plummer, 3 M. & S. 562,
Teague's case, R. & R. 33,
Terry's case, Cro. Car. 564,
Testick's case, 2 East P. C. 925,

Thomas's case, 2 Leach 634,

1 Leach 330,

2 Leach 877,

2 East P. C. 781, .

Reg. v., 9 C. & P. 741,
6 Cox C. C. 423, .
L. & C. 313,

711, 752

669

802, 952,

958, 960

Rex v.,

2 Moo. C. C. R. Carr. Sup. 295,

16,

680 Thompson's case, 2 Leach 910,

958, 959,

Stone, Reg. v., 1 Den. C. C. 181,
1 F. & F. 311,

Stonehouse, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 69,
Stonnell, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 142,
Story, Rex v., R. & R. 81,
Stott's case, 2 East P. C. 753,
Stowell, Reg. v., 5 Q. B. 44,
Strahan, Reg. v., 7 Cox C. C. 85,
Strange, 1 Cox C. C. 58,

Stringer, Reg. v., 2 M. C. C. R. 261, 134, 136

Stroud, Reg v., 1 C. & K. 187,

Thomson, Rex v., MSS. Bayley, J., 328 Sullens, Rex v., R. & M. C. C. R. 129, 403, Thorley, Rex v., R. & M. C. C. R. 343,

Sullivan, Reg. v., 2 Cox C. C. 80,
Sunderland's case, 1 Lew. 102,
Sunley, Reg. v., Bell C. C. 145,
Surnam v. Darley, 14 M. & W. 181,
Surrey (Justices), Rex v.. 2 T. R. 504,
Sutton, Reg. v., 2 Moo. C. C. R. 29,
Swallow, Rex v, MSS. Bayley, J.,
Swans (case of), 7 Rep. 16,
Swatkins, Rex v., 4 C. & P. 548,

Tibbs v. Smith, T. Raym. 33,

Timberley's case, 2 Sid. 90,
Tippin, Reg. v., C. & M. 545,
Tite, Reg. v., L. & C. 29,
Tivey, Reg. v., 1 Den. C. C. 63,
Todd's case, 2 East P. C. 653,
799 Todd, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 57,
Tongue, Reg. v., Bell C. C. 289,
Toshack, Reg. v., 1 Den. C. C. 492,
Tottenham, Reg. v., R. & M. C. C. R.461,

659

1079, 1882, Townsend, Reg. v., C. & M. 178,

Tarry v. Newman, 15 M. & W. 645,

Tatlock v. Harris, 3 T. R. 176,

1088

. 1061

289

780

436

771

1042,

1064

491, 492,

501, 502

Tattersall, Rex v., cited 1 New R. 92,
Taverner, Rex v., 4 C. & P. 413,
Taylor's case, 1 Leach 356,

433

737 Tracy v. Talbot, 2 Salk. 532,
924 Trapshaw's case, 1 Leach 427,
1014 Trebilcock, Reg. v., D. & B. 453,
116 Treble, Rex v., 2 Taunt. 328,

608

258

774, 786

836

838

291

Treeve's case, 2 East P. C. 821,
Trenfield, Reg. v., 1 F. & F. 43,
Trevenner, Reg. v., 2 M. & Rob. 476,
Truman, Reg. v., 2 Cox C. C. 306,
Trusty, Rex v., 1 East P. C. 419,
Tucker, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 235,
1 Cox C. C. 73,
Tuffs, Reg. v., 1 Den. C. C. 319,
Tully, Reg. u., 9 C. & P. 227,
Tunnard's case, 2 East P. C. 687,
Turberville, Reg. v., 4 Cox C. C. 13,
Turner's case, 1 Leach 305,

Kel. 30,

1 Sid. 171,

996
526, 539
MSS..
169, 170
R. & M. C. C. R. 13,

Walton, Reg. v., L. & C. C. 288,.
Ward's case, 2 Stark. C. P. 467, .

90

79

84

2 Str. 747, 604, 611, 613, 749,
769, 774

Ward, Reg. v., 1 Cox C. C. 101,

2 F. & F. 19,

7 Cox C. C. 421,
Gow N. P. R. 168,

Rex v.,
Wardell, Reg. v., 3 F. & F. 82,

679

545

Dears. C. C. 203,

2 Moo. C C. R. 91,

9 C. & P. 282,

Rex v., 4 C. & P. 46,

Whitehead, Reg. v., 2 M. C. C. R. 181, 26,

51, 288

Whiteman, Reg. v., Dears. C. C. 353, 258,

1066

1080

742

Whitney, Rex v., R. & M. C. C. R. 3, . 1059
Whittingham's case, 2 Leach 912, 448, 450
Reg. v., 9 C. & P. 234,
Whyte, Reg. v., 5 Cox C. C. 290,
Wickham, Reg. v., 10 Ad. & E. 34, 621, 622,
623, 638, 647, 681

Wicks, Rex v., R. & R. 149,
Wilcock's case, MSS.,
Wilcox's case, R. & R. 50,

155

423

999

480

819, 984

Witchell's case, 2 East P. C. 830, 407, 625, 627, 632, 695

A TREATISE

ON

CRIMES AND MISDEMEANORS.

BOOK THE FOURTH.

OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY, PUBLIC OR PRIVATE.

CHAPTER THE FIRST.

Sec. I.-Of Burglary.

It is laid down in the more ancient authorities, that the offence of burglary may be committed by the felonious breaking and entering of a church, and the walls and gates of a town, in time of peace, as well as by the felonious breaking and entering of a private house. (a) But the more material inquiry at the present day relates to the breaking and entering of private houses, or, in the language of the books, the mansion-houses of individuals: and this species of the offence appears to be well described, as-A breaking and entering the mansion-house of another in the night, with intent to commit some felony within the same, whether such felonious intent be executed or not.(b)1

(a) Staundf. P. C. 30; 22 Ass. pl. 95; Britt. c. 10; Dalt. c. 99; Crom. 31; Spelm. in verbo burglaria. In 3 Inst. 64, Lord Coke gives as a reason for considering the breaking and entering the church as a burglary, that the church is domus mansionalis omnipotentis Dei; but Hawkins says that he does not find this nicety countenanced by the more ancient authors; and that the general tenor of the old books seems to be that burglary may be committed in breaking houses, or churches, or the walls, or gates of a town: 1 Hawk. P. C. c. 38, s. 17. And in 4 Blac. Com. 224, it is stated that breaking open a church is undoubtedly burglary. And see Reg. v. Nicholas, 1 Cox C. C. 218; Reg. v. Baker, 3 Cox C. C. 581, accordingly.

(b) 3 Inst. 63; 1 Hale 549; Sum. 79; 1 Hawk. P. C. c. 38, s. 1; 4 Blac. Com. 224; 2 East P. C. c. 15, s. 1, p. 484; Burn. Just. tit. Burglary, s. 1. The word burglar is sup

:

posed to have been introduced from Germany by the Saxons; and to be derived from the German, burg, a house, and larron, a thief; the latter word being from the Latin, latro: Burn. Just. tit. Burgl. s. 1; 2 East P. C. c. 15, s. 1, p. 484. But Sir H. Spelman thinks that the word burglaria was brought here by the Normans, as he does not find it amongst the Saxons and he says that burglatores, or burgatores, were so called, quod dum alii per campos latrocinantur eminus, hi burgos pertinacius effringunt, et deprædantur. The crime, however, appears to have been noticed in our earliest laws, in the common genus of offences denominated Hamsecken; and by the ancient laws of Canutus, and of Hen. I., to have been punishable with death: Ll. Canuti, c. 61; Hen. 1, c. 13; 1 Hale 547, citing Selm. Gloss. tit. Hamsecken, and Ibid. tit. Burglaria. Originally, the circumstance of time, which is now of the very essence of the offence, does not seem to have been material; and the malignity of the crime was supposed to consist merely in the invasion on the right of habitation, to which the laws of England have always shown an especial regard, herein agreeing with the sentiments of ancient Rome, as expressed in the words of Cicero: Quid enim sanctius, quid omni religione munitius, quam domus uniuscujusque civium? Hic aræ sunt, hic foci-hoc perfugium est ita sanctum omnibus, ut inde abripi neminem fas sit. The learned editor of Bacon's Abridgment says that his researches had not enabled him to discover at what particular period time was first deemed essential to the offence; but that it must have been 30 settled before the reign of Ed. 6, as in the fourth year of that king it is expressly laid 1 People v. Marks, 4 Parker C. R. 153; Allen v. State, 40 Ala. 334.

VOL. 11.-1