THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS |
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Page v
... epoch , -the amount of difference that exists be- tween the animals of adjacent districts being closely related to preceding geological changes . By the collection of such minute facts , alone , can we hope to fill up a great gap in the ...
... epoch , -the amount of difference that exists be- tween the animals of adjacent districts being closely related to preceding geological changes . By the collection of such minute facts , alone , can we hope to fill up a great gap in the ...
Page xvii
... Epoch as affecting the Distribution of Animals ( p . 40 ) —Changes of Vegetation as affecting the Distribution of Ani- mals ( p . 43 ) -Organic Changes as affecting Distribution ( p . 44 ) . 35-49 VOL . I. - 2 CHAPTER IV . ON ZOOLOGICAL ...
... Epoch as affecting the Distribution of Animals ( p . 40 ) —Changes of Vegetation as affecting the Distribution of Ani- mals ( p . 43 ) -Organic Changes as affecting Distribution ( p . 44 ) . 35-49 VOL . I. - 2 CHAPTER IV . ON ZOOLOGICAL ...
Page 7
... epoch , which on the very lowest estimate must be from 50,000 to 100,000 years , has only served to modify a few of the higher animals into very slightly different species . The changes of the forms of animals appear to have accompanied ...
... epoch , which on the very lowest estimate must be from 50,000 to 100,000 years , has only served to modify a few of the higher animals into very slightly different species . The changes of the forms of animals appear to have accompanied ...
Page 22
... epoch ; and Gibraltar , as well as Sicily and Malta , were also recently united with Africa , as is proved by the fossil elephants and other large mammalia found in their caverns , by the comparatively shallow water still existing in ...
... epoch ; and Gibraltar , as well as Sicily and Malta , were also recently united with Africa , as is proved by the fossil elephants and other large mammalia found in their caverns , by the comparatively shallow water still existing in ...
Page 26
... epoch , there is reason to believe that all North America , as far south as about 40 ° north latitude , was covered with an almost continuous and perennial ice - sheet . At this time the migratory birds would extend up to this barrier ...
... epoch , there is reason to believe that all North America , as far south as about 40 ° north latitude , was covered with an almost continuous and perennial ice - sheet . At this time the migratory birds would extend up to this barrier ...
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Common terms and phrases
absence abundant Abyssinia affinities Africa and Madagascar allied Amphibia animals antelopes arctic Asia Austral Australian Australian region Austro-Malaya belong birds Borneo Burmah Carnivora Celebes Central Ceylon characteristic China climate confined CORVIDA Cosmopolite Cosmopolite Cosmopolite deposits distribution east Eocene epoch Ethiopian Ethiopian region Europe European excl existing extend extinct fauna forests Formosa genera genus geographical globe groups Guinea Himalayas hyænas India Indo-Malay inhabit Insectivora insects islands Japan Java land land-birds large number less lizards Machairodus Madagascar Malacca Malay Malaya Malayan mammalia migration Miocene Miocene period Moluccas mountains Nearctic Neotropical North northern occur ocean Oriental genus Oriental region Palearctic Palearctic genus Palearctic region Papuan peculiar forms peculiar genera peculiar genus peculiar species perhaps Philippines Pliocene possesses Post-Pliocene probably range regions but Australian remarkable represented reptiles rhinoceros South America southern sub-region Sumatra tapir Tasmania temperate Tertiary Thibet Timor Tropical Africa types whole region wholly Zealand zoological regions
Popular passages
Page 150 - Yet it is surely a marvellous fact, and one that has hardly been sufficiently dwelt upon, this sudden dying out of so many large mammalia, not in one place only but over half the land surface of the globe.
Page 328 - India consisting mainly of granite and old-metamorphic rocks, while the greater part of the peninsula is of tertiary formation, with a few isolated patches of secondary rocks. It is evident, therefore, that during much of the tertiary period,* Ceylon and South India were bounded on the north by a considerable extent of sea, and probably formed part of an extensive Southern Continent or great island. The very numerous and remarkable cases of affinity with Malaya, require, however, some closer approximation...
Page 37 - Straits, so that it is possible to go from Cape Horn to Singapore or the Cape of Good Hope without ever being out of sight of land ; and owing to the intervention of the numerous islands of the Malay Archipelago the journey might be continued under the same conditions as far as Melbourne and Hobart...
Page 278 - ... wonderful aye-aye (Chiromys) , the insectivorous Centetidae, and carnivorous Cryptoprocta, among the Mammalia. They speak to us plainly of enormous antiquity, of long-continued isolation, and not less plainly of a lost continent or continental island, in which so many, and various, and peculiarly organized creatures, could have been gradually developed in a connected fauna, of which we have here but the fragmentary remains.
Page 328 - ... much of the Tertiary period, Ceylon and South India were bounded on the north by a considerable extent of sea, and probably formed part of an extensive Southern Continent or great island. The very numerous and remarkable cases of affinity with Malaya require, however, some closer approximation with these islands, which probably occurred at a later period. When, still later, the great plains and tablelands of Hindostan were formed and a permanent land communication effected with the rich and highly...
Page 57 - Eegions in the first place, from a consideration of the distribution of mammalia, only bringing to our aid the distribution of other groups to determine doubtful points. Regions so established will be most closely in accordance with those long-enduring features of physical geography, on which the distribution of all forms of life fundamentally depends;* and all discrepancies in the distribution of other classes of animals must be capable of being explained, either...
Page 67 - ... who cannot recognize the essential diversity of structure in such groups as swifts and swallows, sun-birds and humming-birds, under the superficial disguise caused by adaptation to a similar mode of life. The application of Mr. Allen's principle leads to equally erroneous results, as may be well seen by considering his separation of 'the southern third of Australia' to unite it with New Zealand as one of his secondary zoological divisions."t Leaving Mr.
Page 44 - The introduction of goats into St. Helena utterly destroyed a whole flora of forest trees, and with them all the insects, mollusca, and perhaps birds directly or indirectly dependent on them.
Page 290 - The enormous disproportion between the mean height of the land and the mean depth of the ocean, which would render it very difficult for new land to reach the surface till long after the total submergence of the sinking continent. (2) The wonderful uniformity of level over by far the greater part of the ocean floor, which indicates that it is not subject to the same disturbing agencies which...
Page 76 - is undoubtedly a legitimate and highly probable supposition, and it is an example of the way in which a study of the geographical distribution of animals may enable us to reconstruct the geography of a bygone age. ... It...