SPECIFICATION of PATENTS APPLIED FOR.

No.

1874.

1587-J. H. Johnson, Lincoln's Inn Fields.

Improved apparatus for indicating and registering or recording variations in pressure, weight, or temperature.

1611-W. Dart, Totnes, Devon. Improved thread cutter. 1660-F. Curtis, Boston. Improved method of sewing, and machine for executing the same.

1664-M. Henry, Fleet Street. Improvements in preparing straw, jute, or other materials for the manufacture of paper pulp. 1667-W. R. Lake, Southampton Buildings. Improvements in registering ticket punches. 1668-C. Beck, Strand. Improvements in apparatus for indicating times and amounts at biliiards and games.

1688-H. M. Cowell, Buffalo, New York. Improved printing or devicing of cards, by which games for amusement can be played. 1697-F. Holtermann, Hamburg. Improved cases for jewellery, watches,

&c.

1708-J. E. Hammond, St. James's. Improvements in photographic

albums.

1717-F. C. Barker, Surbiton, Surrey. Improvements in books and pamphlets, so as to adapt them for domestic uses. 1720-J. Weems, Johnstone. A new machine for purposes of recreation. 1755-J. Salmon and D. Nickols, Manchester. Improvements in machinery for cutting and scoring cardboards and other similar substances.

1756-S. M. Smith and C. T. Smith, Bradford. Improvements in dyeing or printing textile or other fabrics.

1758-J. H. Johnson, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Improved toy pistol, and explosives for the same.

1769-J. Phillips, Shepherd's Bush.

Improved means of ventilating

rooms, buildings, and other spaces. 1778-R. F. Donisthorpe, and T. A. W. Clarke, Leicester. Improve. ments in the manufacture of strands for forming plaits, headdresses, chignons, and such like articles.

1788-J. W. Hoffman, Birmingham. Improved travelling type to be used for printing.

1788-W. R. Lake, Southampton Buildings. Improved dog collars. 1791-F. A. Harrison and C. Priestland, Birmingham. Improved apparatus for adjusting and fixing the cords of window blinds, maps, and other like articles.

1807-P. E. Placet, Paris. Improvements in engraving. 1809-S. H. Smith, Ashton-under-Lyne.

Improved apparatus for

marking in the games of whist, other games of cards, and in tables employed for such purposes. 1812-J. Jeyes, Plaistow. Improvements in the manufacture of waterproof

indelible ink.

1845-T. G. and J. Dawson, Otley. Improved printing machinery. 1866-H. Jewitt, Kentish Town. A new and improved toy. 1886-C. J. Rowsell, Walbrook. Improvements in graphoscopes. 1889-J. Hogg, Windsor Road, Denmark Hill, Surrey. Improved apparatus for teaching the alphabet and spelling.

1897-J. Ivimy, Patcham. Improved packing for fragile articles. 1904-G. C. Haselar, Birmingham. Improved fastenings for earrings. 1907-A. Watson, Grange. Improvements in desks, dispatch boxes, and other articles.

1940-Hon. W. E. C. Stanhope, Charing Cross. Improved construction of skate, especially adapted for use on artificial ice. 1945-H. J. Gill, Dublin. Improvements in machines for finishing printed sheets of paper.

1948-M. and W. Pullen, High Bentham. Improved machine for adding together and ascertaining the total of columns of figures or of numbers.

1953-W. E. Wiley, Birmingham. Improvements in the manufacture of movements for pencil-cases and other articles.

1965-L. Sterne, Westminster. Improved buckles or fastenings. 1975-G. Bailey, Cheltenham. Improved glass or vitreous tablets or disc for correcting or improving steel pens when they are partially corroded by ink. 1986-H. W. Price, Birmingham; and J. Warn, Fulham. Improvements in clamps for holding fabrics or flexible materials while being sewn or stitched.

1991-A. Waithman, Prestwich. Improved description of twine or cord. 1993-W. R. Lake, Southampton Buildings. Improvements in clothes wringers.

1995-A. M. Clarke, Chancery Lane. Improved printing ink. 2004-J. H. St. John, Exeter. Improved apparatus for recording money taken.

2005-H. M. Nicholls, Great Portland Street. Improved printing machines, and apparatus connected therewith. 2534-1. M'Luckie, Glasgow. Improvements in tobacco pipes. 2051-W. E. Newton, Chancery Lane. Improvements in pulp strainers.

LETTERS PATENT HAVE BEEN GRANTED TO THE FOLLOWING :

3851-John Crosbie Aitken Henderson and Mathew Eley, Hart Street, improvement in neckties or cravats, also applicable to other articles of wearing apparel. 3825-Alexander Mackie, Warrington, improvements in type-composing machinery. 3918-Thomas Stewart Monkhouse, Regent Square, London, improvements in printing and in apparatus for cutting the printed matter at same time. 164-George Eyre, Codnor, improvements in convertible school desks and seats. 1000-John Garrett Tongue, Southampton Buildings, London, improvements in book sewing machines. 3935-William Henry Yeomans, Redditch, improvements in needle-cases. 3948-Edward Russell Morris, Hampstead, Middlesex, 3956-William improved pocket instruments for registering distances. Edward Gedge, Wellington Street, Strand, improved button and novel process of button fastening. 3959-Arthur Charles Henderson, Southampton Buildings, improvements in match boxes, for automatically lighting matches. 4055-John Harrington, Ryde, Isle of Wight, improvements in the method of binding together a number of sheets or leaves of paper or other material. Josiah Lattimer Clark, Westminster, improved apparatus for recording the number of passengers conveyed in public vehicles, and the distance travelled. 4196-Edourd George Peter Thomas, Brentford, improvements in the manufacture of printing ink. 365-George Somerville and George Crombie, Edinburgh, improvements in the construction of guillotine machines for cutting paper, cardboard, leather, cloth, &c. 1005-Jane Kaye and Joseph Kaye, Kirkstall, Leeds, improved means or apparatus for collecting and checking money received in or on public conveyances, &c. 4280-Bristow Hunt, Lincoln's Inn, improvements in printing presses. 1305-Alfred Dawson, Nottingham, improvements in ornamenting warp lace. 4145-Joseph Bartlett, Clerkenwell, improvements in type. 1037-James Weston Clayton, Hampton, Middlesex, improved manufacture of waterproof paper. Alexander Melville Clark, Chancery Lane, improved instrument, or 1346-Robert Cooke, "tondlogne," to be used in teaching music. Kearsley, Lancashire, improved construction of ruling machines. 1356Joseph Henry Robinson, Liverpool, improvements in the manufacture of enamelled dial and other plates. 1443-John William Wignall, Manchester, improved self-winding apparatus for musical-boxes, clocks, and the like.

OBITUARY.

Mr.

BELLEW-Mr. J. C. M. Bellew, formerly a popular preacher, but latterly better known as a public reader and lecturer. Mr. Bellew returned from his last visit to the United States a victim, as it seemed, to the severity of the climate, and after an unavailing struggle, extending over several months, during which every effort was made to save him, expired to the great grief of his family and friends. Mr. Bellew was born on August 3, 1823, and was consequently in his 51st year. Bellew wrote a novel entitled "Blount Tempest," and a theological work, &c. He was educated at Oxford, and was a frequent speaker at the "Union" debating society. BERGMANN-Anton Bergmann, a young Flemish writer, who, under the pseudonym of "Tony." published, at the beginning of the present year, with the title "Ernest Staas, Advocaat," a book which met with a considerable success in Belgium and Holland. Tony was a member of the club established by the Ghent students in 1854, under the singular name of 't zal wel gaan! (in French ca ira !), for the publication of popular annuals in Flemish, intended to re-awaken ainong the population of Flanders the literary taste and liberal traditions for which they were so conspicuous from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century.

Fox-Sir Charles Fox, the eminent engineer, died at Blackheath, at the age of sixty-four. The firm, of which he was the head, built the Exhibition of 1851, and in connection with this event Sir Charles, in conjuncton with Sir W. Cubitt and Sir Joseph Paxton, received the honour of knighthood. He was the inventor of Fox's Safety Switch, and contributed largely to the improvement of the permanent way and fittings of railways and of ironwork construction generally. GRISSELL-Mr. Thomas Grissell, the well-known engineer, who was for many years at the head of the firm of Grissell & Peto (Sir S. Morton Peto, Bart.). He was in his 73rd year.

HAGENBACH-Dr. Karl Rudolf Hagenbach, the well-known German writer on Church history, died at Bûle, June 6th, at the age of 13. His poems enjoyed considerable popularity amongst Germans and Swiss. HOMON-Jean Louis Homon, painter. He was a pupil of Paul Delaroche and Gleyre, and first attracted notice in the International Exhibition at London in 1851.

JANIN-M. Jules Gabriel Janin died at his villa at Passy. The late cele. brated French critic was born at St. Etienne on the 24th December, 1804, and was consequently in his 70th year. He had for some time been ailing. M. Jules Janin was partly educated in his native town, and partly in Paris. In the latter city he commenced his career in a very humble manner, when his studies were completed, by giving lessons. A taste for journalism soon however manifested itself. He wrote at first for the theatrical papers, but soon became a contributor to the Figaro and the Quotidienne, and attracted considerable attention by his

articles. He afterwards founded the Revue de Paris and the Journal des Enfants, and at the same time published his first work. "L'Ane Mort et la Femme Guillotinée." This was in 1829. In 1836 he became the dramatic critic of the Journal des Débats, and continued to fill that post until quite recently. Besides being a most industrious contributor to journalism, M. Jules Janin wrote a large number of works, ranging through almost every department of literature, to enumerate the mere titles of which would occupy considerable space. In 1865 he was a candidate for the French Academy, but was rejected, and it was not until 1870 that he was elected a member of that body. LEDGER - Mr. Frederic Ledger, the proprietor of the Era newspaper, at his residence, Gothic Lodge, Balham Hill. He was in his oth year, and had been connected with the paper, of which he was the proprietor, from its commencement in 187. NALL-Mr. John Nall, for many years banker in Salford cattle market, committed suicide by hanging himself. A short time ago the deceased was adjudicated a bankrupt, his liabilities being £14,000. On examination, it was found that the amount of his actual deficiency was about £1,000. He was informed the night before that distraint would next morning be made upon his goods, and this seems to have preyed upon his mind so much that he destroyed his life.

USSINGER-Prof. Ussinger, of Kiel, He was well known by his historical works on the relations of Denmark and Germany, and was secretary of the Historical Society of the Duchies of Slesvig-Holstein and Lauenburg.

BANKRUPTS.

LIQUIDATION BY ARRANGEMENT OR COMPOSITION UNDER BANKRUPTCY ACT, 1869. Samuel Moody Hulbert, stationer, and printer, King Street, Cheapside -Charles Taylor, stationer, and dealer in fancy goods, sewing and other machines, Foregate Street and Northgate Street, Chester.-Stephen John Baldock, book and music seller, printer, stationer, and dealer in fancy goods, Lancaster Road, East Barnet.-John Williams, stationer and grocer, Duke Street, Cardiff.-Robert West, stationer, Toll Gavell, Beverley.--Charles James Finlinson, bookseller and stationer, Basingstoke. --John Mather, printer and stationer, Derby Street, and Knowsley Street, Bolton.--John George Reah, stationer, Cornwall Terrace. Rye-la-Peckham. -Robert Jeary, stationer, London Street, Norwich.--Dennison Pentith, printer and stationer, Craven Street, Hulme, Manchester.--John Thomas, and William Harris Thomas, printers and stationers. Priory Street, Carmarthen.-David Bromley, bookseller and stationer, Bridge Street, Warrington and Stockton Heath.--George Robinson, stationer, Bedford Street, Strand (trading as Livermore and Robinson.)--William Metcalfe Snaith, printer, bookseller, stationer, and news agent, Ramsgate, and Theatre Buildings, Yarm Lane, Stockton.-James Harland Coates, stationer, Holme Side, Borough Road, Sunderland --John Coops, bookseller and stationer, Manchester Street, Oldham -Isaac John Smyth, printer. Holborn Buildings, Holborn, and bookseller, stationer and printer, St. John Street Road.-Alfred Thomas, painter, glazier, fancy toy seller, and stationer, West Street, Weston-super-Mare.

PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

Harbord and Johnston, shorthand writers, law stationers, printers, stationers, engravers, lithographers, and advertising and general agents, Harrington Street and Lord Street, Liverpool.

CHEMICAL REPORT.

The chemical market has been somewhat more animated during the past month, a steadier tone has prevailed, as will be seen by the latest quotations:-Tartaric steady at is. 6d. for foreign, and 1s. 7td. per lb, for English. Citric held at 4s. d., and oxalic at 74d. per lb. Soda ash steady at -16d. to 2d. per degree. Caustic soda still inquired for, and zo per cent. firm at £18 10s. per ton; white 60 per cent. 15 5s. to £15 108., and cream £14 105. per ton. Bicarbonate quiet at 15s. ed. to 10s., and soda crystals at ss. 6d. per cwt. Saltcake dull at £3 5s. per ton. Single stannate, 4d. per lb. Phosphate selling at 335. per cwt. Borax steady at 70s. for English, and 65s. per cwt. for Californian. Prussiate quiet at Is. id. for yellow, and 25. 5d. per lb. for red. Chlorate quiet at d. per lb. Muriate flat at £7 per ton for 80 per cent. Bichrome steady at old. per lb. Refined saltpetre held at 29s. for barrels and acs. 6d. per cwt. for kegs. Sal ammoniac firm at 45s. for first, and 44s. per cwt. for second quality. Carbonate at 7d. to d. per lb. Sulphate in more demand at £15 155. to £16 15s. per ton. Alum in good demand; lump firm at £8 5s., powdered £8 15s., and ground £9 per ton. Sulphur firm; roll £9 15s., and flour 11 1os. per ton. Bleaching powder quiet, at £9 15s. for soft, and £10 per ton for hardwood casks. Acetate flat; brown Lia, and distilled at £1 per ton. Magnesia: carbonate 42s. 6d. per cwt., calcined is. 6d. per lb. Arsenic powdered steady at £10 per ton. Phosphorus: wedges s. 11d., and sticks 3s. id. per lb. Copperas in fair demand at 67s. 6d. per ton. Copper sulphate held at £38 per ton, Verdigris Id. per lb. Lead: sugar dull at 47s. 6d. white and 32s. per cwt. for brown; nitrate 325. per cwt.

METAL REPORT.

The metal market continues steady but not very active. Iron, with the exception of fluctuations in Scotch pig iron, remains unchanged. Copper is firm, and a fair business has been done in Chili bars at full rates. Tin: there is a good general demand. The Dutch market also is firmer at bo to 60 guilders, Tin Plates: it is expected the works will shortly resume work, meanwhile there is but little business. Lead very firm. Quicksilver also very firm. Quotations as per last number, may be referred to.

RUST IN PAPER.-A prolific source of rust or blotches is the chlorine left in the stuff. This, in passing over the different parts of the machine, wherever it comes in contact with iron (the rollers, &c.), forms a chloride of iron which is colourless, and by exposure to the air is oxydised to perchloride of a brown, rusty colour, sometimes in single spots, at others in blotches. Very frequently these spots do not make their appearance till the paper is sent from the mill and the printer has damped the sheets for press. Being then in a most favourable state for oxidation, they come out in their full beauty, to the great disgust of the printer and the chagrin of the manufacturer, who proceeds to "blow up" his hands for carelessness in handling the stuff, and still finds his paper bereft of its most exquisite beauty by these canker spots. I think if your corresponden's will thoroughly 1 eutralise all the chlorine while the stuff is still in the engine, they will never again have cause to complain.

SPOTS IN PAPER.-Before the Chemical Society a paper, "On Dendritic Spots in Paper," by H. Adrian, was read by the author. He said he could confirm Mr. Liversidge's observation that these markings were due to sulphide of copper with a nucleus of metallic copper or brass. They are rare in the better class of papers, but a cheap coarsely-finished blue-white paper, used extensively for account books, exbibits them in large numbers. The spots seem to be formed from the metallic nuclei by the action of the antichlore used in the process of bleaching. The president having thanked the author, Dr. Müller said the spots were caused by particles of metal derived from the bed-plate of the machine used for tearing the rags becoming abraded by the steel wheel if the latter was lowered too much. Their being present to a greater extent in the cheaper papers was perhaps due to the sand, &c., in the coarse materials used, but the same effect sometimes occurred' even in good papers. There were, moreover, other dendritic marks of an organic nature. Mr. Frisswell observed that large dendritic spots of reduced metallic silver were sometimes produced in photographic paper, on immersion in the silver. bath, by the action of these particles of metal.

A

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. "STATIONER."-A ream of writing paper, as it comes from the mill, is required to contain 18 quires of 24 good sheets, and 2 quires of 20 sheets of outsides, that is damaged paper, 472 sheets in all, good and bad-—this is called a mill ream. ream (insides), of writing paper contains 20 quires of 24 sheets, or 480 sheets in all, and all good. A ream of printing paper contains, as it comes from the mill, 20 quires of 24 sheets, 480 sheets in all, and all good, and is, in fact, a ream of insides, but is not so termed. A ream perfect, that is, made ready for a printer's use, contains 21 quires, or 516 sheets, all good. In the better class of printing papers, it is the custom to put them up in perfect reams as they come from the mill. Thus there are four different kinds of reams in use in the trade-a mill ream of writing; a mill ream of printing; a ream insides of writing; a ream perfect, of either writing or printing paper..

GUARANTEE AND SURETYSHIP.-In reply to S. W. A guarantee means a contract whereby one man obligates himself for the acts of another who is dealing for his own benefit. No contract of suretyship is valid without a sufficient consideration, and unless such consideration be expressed in the guarantee; which guarantee must be in writing, and be signed by the party to be charged, or his agent duly authorised. Where the guarantor's promise is made after the credit has been given, there must be some new inducement, as giving longer time to pay, or a premium for the guarantee to make it binding upon the guarantor. Such, we believe, is the legal view.

POSTAL MATTERS.

NOTWITHSTANDING the repeated notices issued by this Department, a very large number of newspapers addressed to places abroad is still put into the post daily bearing postage stamps insufficient in amount for their prepayment, and such newspapers are in most cases necessarily detained. Upon a great proportion of these papers less than a single rate of postage (and, indeed, in many cases only a halfpenny) is prepaid. Others bear stamps equivalent in amount to one rate of postage only, although being above four ounces in weight, they are liable to two, and occasionally to three rates of postage. Newspapers for places abroad are also frequently stopped in consequence of being posted more than eight days after the date of publication. Such newspapers can only be forwarded as book packets and prepaid as such. Public attention is again called to this subject, with a view of averting the disappointment occasioned by the non-arrival of newspapers at their destination.

Says the Newark Advertiser, a business firm in this city, to which a bill had been owing for some time, finally sent a sharp running note to the debtor, and received in reply a postal card containing the following: "Matthew xviii. 26.' To this they responded: "Romans xiii. 8. St. Luke xii. 58." The result was the prompt return of a check in payment of the amount.

To United States

7.225

6,344 13,784

5,169 34,700 18,229

26,487

53.634 66,907

£22,894 £26,143 £104,086 £114,838

British N. America 5,296

£85,243 £77.988 £397,681 £359,537

£6,310

£8,720 £43,849 £47,376

Stationary other than Paper.

6,251

14,962

17,751

India

27,402

2,218

8,303 9,438

48,779

49,253

"

124,720

131,823