CXLI. LONDON TO YARMOUTH THROUGH IPSWICH, WOODBRIDGE, SAX

MUNDHAM AND LOWESTOFT, 124 Miles.

IPSWICH, the capital of Suffolk, and a place of great antiquity, stands on the side of a gentle elevation rising from the banks of the river Orwell. The country around is fertile, and the banks of the river present very pleasing prospects. Ipswich formerly contained nineteen parish churches, and still retains twelve, besides three in the Liberty, and several places of worship for Dissenters. In St Peter's Church is an ancient font, and in St Lawrence, a painting by Sir Robert Kerr Porter. There is a town and a shire hall, an extensive county jail, a commodious market-place, a theatre, assembly-rooms, a public library, a mechanics' institute, a custom-house, &c. A college was established here by Cardinal Wolsey, who was said to have been born in a house in St Nicholas parish, which is still standing. This insti

* 10 miles from Saxmundham is Halesworth on the Blythe, by means of which, and of a canal to Southwold, it carries on a considerable trade. A great quantity of hemp is grown in the vicinity, and many of the inhabitants are employed in spinning yarn. Pop. of par., 2022.

tution fell with the founder, but there is still an endowed classical school. Ipswich was formerly celebrated for its woollen manufactures; but that branch of industry has been removed to the northern counties. The chief trade at present is in ship-building, and in exporting ship timber, corn, and malt; but it has a considerable import trade for wines, spirits, timber, ship stores, and other commodities. Vessels sail every tide from Ipswich to Harwich and back again, --an excursion rendered peculiarly delightful by the beauty of the scenery. There are also, during the summer months, steamers from Ipswich to London, touching at Harwich. About a mile from the town is the race-course, and there is a beautiful promenade, called Christ Church Park, which is open to the public. Two M. P. Pop. 24,940.

WOODBRIDGE stands on the north-west bank of the river Deben, which, at high water, is a quarter of a mile wide. It has a spacious market place, in the centre of which is an ancient shire hall. The church, which contains several monuments, is a large and handsome building, supposed to have been erected in the time of Edward III. It has a large square tower 180 feet high. Here are also meeting-houses, a custom-house, a small theatre, and barracks, dockyards, &c. Woodbridge is a place of considerable trade, exporting corn, malt, and flour, and importing coal, timber, and general merchandize. Before the Reformation, there was a small priory for canons of St Augustine, adjacent to the church. Pop. of parish, 4954.

About nine or ten miles from Woodbridge is FRAMLINGHAM, a town of great antiquity, on an eminence near the source of the Ore. The church is a large and handsome building, with a tower 90 feet high, in which is a peal of eight bells. The roof of the nave is of curiously carved oak. The church contains several monuments of the Howard family; among others those of Thomas, second Duke of Norfolk, and his son, the accomplished Earl of Surrey, beheaded by Henry VIII. Here are the ruins of a magnificent castle, granted by Henry I. to Hugh Bigod, and held in succession by the Bigods, Mowbrays, and Howards. The castle and manor are now the property of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, to which they were bequeathed by Sir Robert Hitcham, who purchased them from the Howard family. It was to this castle that Queen Mary repaired when Lady Jane Grey was placed upon the throne. Pop. of parish, 2523,

ORFORD, twelve miles from Woodbridge, has an ancient castle, of which only the keep now remains. The church contains an ancient font and several monuments. One mile distant is Sudbourn Hall, a seat of the Marquis of Hertford. Orford gives the title of Earl to the Walpole family. Pop. 342.

SOUTHWOLD, almost surrounded by the Blythe, is pleasantly situated on an eminence overlooking the sea. It was nearly destroyed by fire in 1659. The damage was estimated at more than £.40,000. The town is much frequented in the bathing season. In Southwold Bay, usually called Solebay, the famous naval engagement took place in 1672, between the Dutch, commanded by De Ruyter, and the English, commanded by the Duke of York.

LOWESTOFT, Colloquially Laystoff, stands on the top of a cliff facing the sea, and enjoys a fine view of the German Ocean. Viewed from the sea, it presents a remarkably picturesque object. The parish church, about half a mile west of the town, is a large and handsome building, containing several ancient mo numents. In the churchyard is the tomb of Potter, the translator of Aeschylus, Sophocles, &c. There are also meeting-houses, a town-hall, two light-houses, a theatre, &c. The principal branch of industry is the fishery. Great quantities of mackerel and soles are caught and sent to the London and Norwich markets, and a great quantity of herrings are taken and cured. There are rope and twine manufactories. Lowestoft has lately been much frequented as a bathing place, for which its sands are well adapted. Pop. of parish, 4647.

YARMOUTH, a considerable sea port town, and a place of great antiquity. The old town is situated on the eastern bank of the Yare, and is connected with the new town, called Little Yarmouth, by means of a bridge. The old town is still surrounded by walls, and consists of four parallel streets, and of about 150 narrow lanes, called rows. The best dwelling-houses are situated along the quay, which is considered the finest in the kingdom, having in the centre a noble promenade, planted on each side with trees. The principal buildings are, the church, a handsome building, erected in 1123; two chapels, several meeting houses, a town-hall, theatre, assembly-room, bathing house, &c. There are several charitable institutions, the principal of which is the Seamen's Hos pital, and extensive barracks, containing a large armoury. There is an extensive manufactory for crapes and other silk goods. Ship-building, and the va rious trades connected with it, are carried on to some extent. The rivers Yare, Waveney, and Bure, which unite in Braydon Water, contiguous to the town, secure to Yarmouth an extensive inland trade. The exportation of grain and malt is considerable; but the principal business of this port is the herring and mackerel fisheries. An extensive timber trade with the Baltic is also carried on, and Yarmouth Roads have long been the principal rendezvous for the col lier trade. Steam-packets proceed every day between this place and Norwich. Two M. P. Pop. 26,991.

Near Yarmouth is a beautiful fluted column, 140 feet high, erected in memory of Lord Nelson.

SOUTHEND (Essex) is situated on an acclivity at the mouth of the Thames opposite to Sheerness. It has of late years risen into some importance as a bathing-place. Here is an assembly room, a theatre, library, meeting-house, baths, bathing machines, and other accommodations for visitors. Near this place a stone marks the termination of the jurisdiction of the corporation of London over the Thames. Steam-vessels sail regularly during summer between Southend and London.

CXLIII. LONDON TO SOUTHEND THROUGH BARKING, RAINHAM, STANFORD LE HOPE, AND HADLEIGH, 393 Miles.