false statement in regard to any part required by such certificate or who violates any of the provisions of this chapter, or who suffers or permits any child or woman to be employed in violation of its provisions, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, on conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars: Provided, however, That this section shall not apply to that portion of section 1 of this chapter which fixes the penalty for the refusal to show to the inspector any certificate provided for in that section.

CHAPTER 108.--Employment of children on elevators.

SECTION 16 (as amended by chapters 921, enacted 1901, and 973, Age limit. enacted 1902). * * No person under the age of eighteen years

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shall take charge of or operate any passenger elevator.

CHAPTER 115.-Certain employments of children forbidden.

SECTION 4 (as amended by chapter 475, enacted 1897). Every Acrobatic menperson having the custody or control of any child under the age of dicant, etc., occupations. sixteen years, who shall exhibit, use or employ, or shall in any manner or under any pretense sell, apprentice or give away, let out or otherwise dispose of any such child to any person for or in the vocation, occupation, service or purpose of rope or wire walking, or as a gymnast, wrestler, contortionist, equestrian performer, acrobat, or rider upon any bicycle or mechanical contrivance, or in any dancing, theatrical or musical exhibition unless it be in connection with churches, schools, or private instruction in dancing or music or unless it be under the auspices of a Rhode Island. society incorporated, or organized without incorporation, for a purpose authorized by section 11 of chapter 176 of the General Laws, or unless it be with the written consent, previously obtained and revocable at will, of the mayor of the city or the president of the town council where such child is to be employed; or for or in gathering or picking rags, or collecting cigar stumps, bones, or refuse from markets, or in begging, or in any mendicant or wandering occupation, or in peddling in places injurious to the morals of such child;~ * * or in any illegal, obscene, indecent, or immoral purpose, exhibition or practice whatsoever; or for or in any business, exhibition or vocation injurious to the health or morals, or dangerous to the life or limb of such child, or who shall cause, procure or encourage any such child to engage therein, or who after being notified by an officer mentioned in section 6 of this chapter to restrain such child from engaging therein, shall neglect or refuse to do so, shall be held guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, for every such offense, be imprisoned not exceeding one year or be fined not exceeding two hundred [and] fifty dollars, or be both fined and imprisoned as aforesaid, and shall forfeit any right which he may have to the custody of such child.

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SEC. 5 (as amended by chapter 475, enacted 1897). Every person Hiring child. who shall take, receive, hire or employ, exhibit, or have in custody, or who shall cause to be taken, hired or employed, exhibited, or held in custody, any child under the age of sixteen years, for any of the purposes prohibited in the preceding section, shall be held guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished for every such offense in the manner provided in said section.

SEC. 6 (as amended by chapter 475, enacted 1897). The town sergeant of any town, the chief of police of any city, or the general agent or agents of the Rhode Island Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children may enter any place where any child may be held, detained or employed in violation of this chapter, and without process of law, seize and detain such child and hold him as a witness to certify upon the trial of any person charged with violating the provisions of this chapter;

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CHAPTER 194.-Earnings of married women.

SECTION 1. The real estate, chattels real, and personal estate, which are the property of any woman before marriage, or which may become the property of any woman after marriage, or which may be acquired 27295-No. 73-08-10

Enforcement.

Earnings sepa rate property.

Limit of fiftyeight hours.

by her own industry, including damages recovered in suits or proceedings for her benefit and compensation for her property taken for publie use, and the proceeds of all such property, shall be and remain her sole and separate property free from control of her husband.

CHAPTER 198.-Hours of labor of women and children.

SECTION 22 (as amended by chapter 994, enacted 1902). No minor under sixteen years of age, and no woman, shall be employed in laboring in any manufacturing or mechanical establishment more than fiftyeight hours in any one week; and in no case shall the hours of labor exceed ten hours in any one day, excepting when it is necessary to make repairs to prevent the interruption of the ordinary running of the machinery, or when a different apportionment of the hours of labor is made for the sole purpose of making a shorter day's work for one day of the week.

Schedule to be Every employer shall post in a conspicuous place in every room posted. where such persons are employed a printed notice stating the number of hours' work required of them on each day of the week; and the employment of any such person for a longer time in any day than so stated shall be deemed a violation of this section, unless it appears that such employment is to make up for time lost on some previous day of the same week in consequence of the stopping of the machinery upon which such person was employed or dependent for employment: Provided, That the provisions of this section shall not be construed to enlarge or impair any restriction placed upon the employment of any minor mentioned in chapter 64.

SEC. 23. Every person who willfully employs, or has in his employment or under his charge any person, in violation of the provisions of the preceding section, and every parent or guardian who permits any such minor to be so employed, shall be fined not exceeding twenty dollars for each offense. A certificate of the age of a minor, made by him or by his parent or guardian, at the time of his employment in a manufacturing establishment, shall be conclusive evidence of his age upon any trial of any person other than the parent or guardian for a violation of the preceding section.

SOUTH CAROLINA.

CODE OF 1902.

CIVIL CODE.

Earnings of married women.

SECTION 2666. All the earnings and income of a married woman shall be her own separate estate, and shall be governed by the same provisions of law as apply to her other separate estate.

Earnings of minors.

SECTION 2691. If any person shall hire or employ any minor, or person under the age of twenty-one years, without the knowledge and consent of the parents or guardian of such minor, such person shall pay to the said parents or guardian the full value of the labor of said minor from and after notice from the parents or guardian that payment of such service shall be made to him or them, as the case may be.

CRIMINAL CODE.

Seats for female employees.

SECTION 333 It shall be the duty of all employers of females in any mercantile establishment, or any place where goods or wares or merchandise are offered for sale, to provide and maintain chairs or stools, or other suitable seats, for the use of such female employees, to the number of one seat for every three females employed, and to permit the use of such seats by such employees, at reasonable times, to such an extent as may be requisite for the preservation of their health. And

such employees shall be permitted to use same, as above set forth, in front of the counter, table, desk or any fixture when the female employee for the use of whom said seat shall be kept and maintained is principally engaged in front of said counter, table, desk or fixture; and behind such counter, table, desk or fixture when the female employee for the use of whom said seat shall be kept and maintained is principally engaged behind said counter, table, desk or fixture.

Any person who violates or omits to comply with any of the foregoing provisions of this section, or who suffers or permits any woman to stand, in violation of its provisions, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not less than twenty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense.

ACTS OF 1903.

ACT No. 74.—Employment of children.

SECTION 1. From and after the first day of May, 1903, no child under Age limit. the age of ten years shall be employed in any factory, mine or textile manufacturing establishment of this State; and from and after the first day of May, 1904, no child under the age of eleven shall be employed in any factory, mine or textile establishment of this State; from and after the first day of May, 1905, no child under the age of twelve years shall be employed in any factory, mine or textile establishment of this State, except as hereinafter provided.

SEC. 2. From and after May first, 1903, no child under the age of Night work. twelve years shall be permitted to work between the hours of 8 o'clock p. m. and 6 o'clock in the morning in any factory, mine or textile manufactory of this State: Provided, That children under the age of twelve, whose employment is permissible, under the provisions of this act, may be permitted to work after the hour of 8 p. m. in order to make up lost time, which has occurred from some temporary shut down of the mill, on account of accident or breakdown in the machinery, which has caused loss of time: Provided, however, That under no circumstances shall a child below the age of twelve work later than the hour of 9 p. m. SEC. 3. Children of a widowed mother and the children of a totally Children of dedisabled father, who are dependent upon their own labor for their sup- pendent parents. port, and orphan children who are dependent upon their own labor for their support, may be permitted to work in textile establishments of this State for the purposes of earning their support: Provided, That in the case of a child or children of a widowed mother or of a totally disabled father, the said mother or the said father, and in case of orphan children, the guardian of said children or person standing, in loco parentis of said child or children, shall furnish to any of the persons named in section 4 of this act an affidavit duly sworn to by him or her before some magistrate or clerk of court of the county in which he or she resides, stating that he or she is unable to support the said children, and that the said children are dependent upon their own labor for their support, then, and in that case, the said child or children of the said widowed mother and the said disabled father and said orphan children shall not be affected by the prohibitions of section 1 of this act; and filing of said affidavit shall be full justification for their employment: Provided, further, That the officer before whom the said affidavit shall be subscribed shall indorse upon the back thereof his approval and his consent to the employment of said child or children. Any person who shall swear falsely to the facts set forth in said acts shall be guilty of perjury and shall be indictable as provided by law: Provided, further, That the employment of said child or children shall be subject to the hours of labor herein limited.

SEC. 4. Any owner, superintendent, manager or overseer of any Penalty. factory, mine or textile manufacturing establishment, or any other person in charge thereof or connected therewith, who shall knowingly employ any child contrary to the provisions of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and for every such offense shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars, or be imprisoned not longer than thirty days, at the discretion of the

court.

SEC. 5. Any parent, guardian or other person having under his Same subject. or her control any child, who consents, suffers or permits the employ

Certificates.

Proof of age.

Ten hours day's work.

ment of his or her child or ward under the ages as above provided, or who knowingly or willfully misrepresents the age of such child or ward to any of the persons named in section 4 of this act, in order to obtain employment for such child or ward, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and for every such offense shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars, or be imprisoned not longer than thirty days, in the discretion of the court.

SEC. 6. Any parent, guardian or person standing in loco parentis, who shall furnish to the persons named in section 4 of this act a certificate that their child or ward has attended school for not less than four months during the current school year and that said child or children can read and write, may be permitted to obtain employment for such child or children in any of the textile establishments of this State during the months of June, July and August, and the employment of such child or children during the said months upon the proper certificate that such child or children have attended school as aforesaid, shall not be in conflict with the provisions of this act.

SEC. 7. In the employment of any child under the age of twelve years in any factory, mine or textile manufacturing establishment, the owner or superintendent of such factory, mine or textile manufacturing establishment shall require of the parent, guardian or person standing in loco parentis of such child, an affidavit giving the age of such child, which affidavit shall be placed on file in the office of the employer; and any person knowingly furnishing a false statement of the age of such child shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and for every such offense shall, upon conviction, be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars, or be imprisoned not longer than thirty days, in the discretion of the court.

ACTS OF 1907.

ACT No. 233.-Hours of labor of employees in cotton and woolen mills. B SECTION 1. Ten hours a day, or sixty hours a week, shall constitute the hours for working for all operatives and employees in cotton and woolen manufacturing establishments engaged in the manufacture of yarns, cloth, hosiery and other products for merchandise except mechanics, engineers, firemen, watchmen, teamsters, yard employees and clerical force. All contracts for longer hours of work other than herein provided in said manufacturing establishments shall be, and the same are hereby, declared null and void; and any person entering into or enforcing such contracts shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, in each and every instance, and on conviction in a court of competent jurisdiction shall be fined a sum of money not less than $25 nor more than $100, or imprisonment not exceeding thirty days: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be construed as forbidding or preventing any such manufacturing company from making up lost time, to the extent of sixty hours per annum, where such lost time has been caused by accident or other unavoidable cause.

Earnings separate property.

Age limit.

SOUTH DAKOTA.

CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE XXI.-Earnings of married women.

SECTION 5. * * * All property to which [a woman] may after marriage become in any manner rightfully entitled, shall be her separate property, and shall not be liable for the debts of her husband.

REVISED CODES OF 1903.

POLITICAL Code.

Employment of children in mines.

SECTION 145. All corporations or individuals working mines in South Dakota who shall employ, or permit to be employed, in such mines any

children under fourteen years of age shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars.

Employment of minors in barrooms.

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Employment

SECTION 2844 (as amended by chapter 165, Acts of 1903). it shall also be unlawful for any person to whom any license may be forbidden. granted to employ any person under twenty-one (21) years of age as a bartender or in any other capacity in connection with the place or room where intoxicating liquors are sold.

CIVIL CODE.

Earnings of married women.

SECTION 102. * * * 2. The earnings of the wife are not liable Earnings sepafor the debts of the husband. rate property.

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to

SECTION 124. The wages of a minor employed in service may be Payments paid to him or her until the parent or guardian entitled thereto gives minors valid, the employer notice that he claims such wages.

PENAL CODE.

Hours of labor of women and children.

when.

Limit of ten

SECTION 764. Every owner, stockholder, overseer, employer, clerk or foreman of any manufactory, workshop or other place used for mechan-hours. ical or manufacturing purposes, who, having control, shall compel any woman or any child under eighteen years of age, or permit any child under fourteen years of age, to labor in any day exceeding ten hours, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one hundred and not less than ten dollars.

ACTS OF 1907.

CHAPTER 135.-Employment of children-Age limit.

Employ ment

term.

SECTION 150. No child under the age of fifteen years shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work at any gainful occupation in any during school mine, hotel, laundry, manufacturing establishment, factory, passenger or freight elevator [] bowling alley, or in any saloon, theater, concert hall or place of amusement where intoxicating liquors are sold, or as messenger or driver thereof, or in any other manner in work performed for wages or other compensation, to whomsoever payable, during any portion of any month during the hours when the public schools of any district in which he or she resides are in session.

Every owner, superintendent or overseer of any mine, factory, workshop, mercantile establishment, or any other person who shall employ any child under fifteen years of age contrary to the provisions of this article shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and for every offense shall upon conviction thereof be fined not less than $10 nor more than $50 and costs.

Any person having the control of a child or who may have children in his employ, who with the intent to evade the provisions of this article shall make a willfully false statement concerning the age of such child or in regard to facts covered by any other provision of this article, shall for such an offense be fined in any sum not less than $10 nor more than $50 for the use of the public school corporation.