Duties.

Sanitation.

Ventilation.

Use of cellars, etc.

etc.

Exhaust fans,

Seats for female employees.

SEC. 10. It shall also be the duty of said inspector to visit at least four times each year, and oftener when ordered by the governor so to do, each and every cotton mill or factory in this State and to thoroughly inspect the same for the purpose of ascertaining their sanitary condition, the ages and condition of the children employed therein and all other matters concerning the operation and condition of said mills or factories as to which the laws of this State prescribe any rules or regulations, and to make reports to the governor of the result of each such inspection. It shall also be the duty of such inspector, when ordered so to do by the governor, to institute prosecutions against the owners and operators of such mills or factories for the violation of any of the rules or regulations prescribed by any law of this State relating to the conditions or operations of such mills or factories or the employment of children therein.

CALIFORNIA.

CODES AND STATUTES OF 1885.

VOL. V.-SUPPLEMENT OF 1889.

Factories, workshops, etc.-Inspection, etc.

(Page 554. Act of February 6, 1889.)

SECTION 1. Every factory, workshop, mercantile or other establishment, in which five or more persons are employed, shall be kept in a cleanly state and free from the effluvia arising from any drain, privy, or other nuisance, and shall be provided, within reasonable access, with a sufficient number of water-closets or privies for the use of the persons employed therein. Whenever the persons employed as aforesaid are of different sexes, a sufficient number of separate and distinct water-closets or privies shall be provided for the use of each sex, which shall be plainly so designated, and no person shall be allowed to use any water-closet or privy assigned to persons of the other sex.

SEC. 2. Every factory or workshop in which five or more persons are employed shall be so ventilated while work is carried on therein that the air shall not become so exhausted as to be injurious to the health of the persons employed therein, and shall also be so ventilated as to render harmless, as far as practicable, all the gases, vapors, dust, or other impurities generated in the course of the manufacturing process or handicraft carried on therein, that may be injurious to health.

SEC. 3. No basement, cellar, underground apartment, or other place which the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics shall condemn as unhealthy and unsuitable, shall be used as a workshop, factory, or place of business in which any person or persons shall be employed.

SEC. 4 (as amended by chapter 176, Acts of 1901). In any factory, workshop, or other establishment where a work or process is carried on by which dust, filaments, or injurious gases are generated or produced, that are liable to be inhaled by persons employed therein, the person, firm, or corporation by whose authority the said work or process is carried on shall cause to be provided and used in said factory, workshop, or establishment an exhaust fan or blower, and pipes and hoods extending therefrom to each wheel or other apparatus used to grind, polish, or buff metals. The said fan or blower, and the said pipes and hoods, all to be properly fitted and adjusted, and of power and dimensions sufficient to effectually prevent the dust and filaments produced by the above said metal-polishing, metal-grinding, or metal-buffing from escaping into the atmosphere of the room or rooms of said factory, workshop, or establishment where persons are employed.

SEC. 5 (as amended by chapter 12, Acts of 1903). Every person, firm, or corporation employing females in any manufacturing, mechanical, or mercantile establishment shall provide suitable seats for the use of the females so employed, and shall provide such seats to the number of at least one-third the number of females so employed; and shall per

mit the use of such seats by them when they are not necessarily engaged

in the active duties for which they are employed.

SEC. 6. Any person or corporation violating any of the provisions of Penalty. this act shall be punished by a fine of not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense.

SEC. 7. It shall be the duty of the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics to enforce the provisions of this act.

COLORADO.

ANNOTATED STATUTES OF 1891.

Inspection of steam boilers.

Enforcement.

SECTION 4192. The governor of the State of Colorado shall, by and Inspector. with the advice and consent of the senate, on or before April 1, 1889, appoint an inspector of steam boilers. The person so appointed shall be well qualified, from practical experience in the use and construction of boilers, generators, super-heaters and their appurtenances, used for the generating of steam for power, steaming or heating purposes, and shall be neither directly nor indirectly interested in the manufacturing, ownership or agency of same. The duty of said inspector shall be to inspect steam boilers throughout the State, as hereinafter specified and directed. The inspector shall hold office for the term of two years from date of appointment, and until his successor shall be appointed and qualified, and before entering on the duties of his office he shall give a good and sufficient bond in the sum of five thousand (5,000) dollars for the faithful performance of his duties, to be approved by the attorney-general, and deposited with the secretary of state. Said inspector shall receive an annual salary of two thousand five hundred (2,500) dollars and mileage at ten cents per mile, payable as other State officers: Provided, He shall not receive mileage to exceed five hundred dollars in any one year. Said inspector may appoint deputy inspectors in each judicial district in the State, and who shall have the same powers as the inspector, who shall receive as compensation four dollars per day while actually employed, and shall be paid in the same manner as other State officers, and mileage at ten cents per mile. He may also employ a clerk at an annual salary not exceeding one thousand (1,000) dollars, to be paid monthly, as other State

officers.

Annual inspec

Proviso.

SEC. 4193. The inspector shall devote his time and attention to the duties of the office. He shall carefully inspect and test every station- tions. ary boiler and steam generating apparatus under pressure used for stationary power, as provided by this act, including all attachments and connections located within the State of Colorado, once annually, and shall give the owner of any such boiler five days' notice of the time when he will make such inspection: Provided, That any owner or user of any steam boiler in this State who may desire to insure such boiler in any reputable insurance company, and who shall desire to have an inspection made for the purpose of said insurance, may give to said State steam boiler inspector ten days' notice, in writing, of the time of such contemplated insurance inspection, and it shall thereupon be the duty of said State steam boiler inspector to cause the annual State inspection, [by] this act provided, to be made at the same time that said examination for insurance is made; he shall examine into and report to the governor the cause of any boiler explosion that may occur within the State; he shall keep in his office a complete and accurate record of the names of owners or users of steam boilers inspected, giving a full description of the same, the amount of pressure allowed, the date when last tested, and shall make an annual report to the governor.

SEC. 4194. It shall be the duty of every owner or user of steam boiler Boilers to be or boilers, in use or to be used in any part of this State within thirty reported. days after the passage of this act, and once a year thereafter, at such convenient times and in such manner and form as may be determined by rules and regulations to be made therefor by the inspector, to report to said inspector the location of such steam boiler or boilers, and all apparatus and appliances connected therewith, and the strength and

Test.

ited.

boilers. boilers.

security of such boiler shall be tested by hydrostatic pressure, each boiler being tested one-third greater than the ordinary working steam pressure used, and to a pressure demanded by the owner; and the certificate of inspection herein provided shall state the maximum pressure at which such boiler may be worked. If at any time the inspector shall find a boiler which, in his judgment, is unsafe after inspecting the same, he shall condemn its future use. All boilers to be tested by hydrostatic pressure shall be filled with water by the owners or users, and they shall furnish the necessary labor required to work and handle the pumps in applying the test, which pumps shall be furnished by the inspector if necessary. All certificates shall be for one year, unless sooner revoked for cause.

Pressure lim- SEC. 4195. The owners or users of steam boilers, or engineers in charge of same, shall not allow a greater pressure in any boiler than is stated in the certificate of inspection granted by the inspector. No Condemned person or persons shall use or cause to be used for generating steam Installation of any boiler that has been condemned as unsafe by the inspector. Before the owner, owners or users of any steam boiler or boilers shall have said boilers placed in position, he or they shall notify the inspector, who shall, within ten days from the date of receiving such notification, examine the same and satisfy himself that the construction, material, bracing and all other parts of such boiler or boilers are such as to assure the safety of the same. Any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine in any sum not exceeding one thousand (1,000) dollars, or by imprisonment for a period not exceeding two years, or by both such fine and imprison

Penalty.

Fees.

Penalty.

Office, etc.

Neglect of duty.

Penalty.

Exception.

Construction,

etc.

ment.

SEC. 4196. There shall be paid for the inspection of each boiler, according to the provisions of this act, the sum of five (5) dollars, to be paid by the owner, user or agent of the same, occupying the building in which it may be situated, and the inspector shall receipt for the same. In case the owner, user or agent of any such boiler or boilers shall fail to report the location of such boiler or boilers to the inspector, as aforesaid, he shall be liable to pay a penalty of fifty (50) dollars, and in case the owner, users or agent of any such boiler or boilers shall fail to have the same ready for inspection as aforesaid, he shall be liable to pay the fees and expenses of the inspector incurred in the inspection of any such boiler, and a penalty of ten (10) dollars in addition thereto; fees, expenses and penalty in all such cases may be sued for and recovered in any court of record, by and in the name of the people of the State of Colorado, in any county of the State, and it shall be the duty of the district attorney of the district wherein such county may be situated to prosecute all such suits.

SEC. 4198. The secretary of state shall provide a suitable office for said inspector, properly furnished and supplied with such tools, apparatus and stationery as may be required.

SEC. 4199. The inspector of steam boilers provided for in this act shall for every failure to perform his duties as herein directed be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine in a sum not less than one hundred (100) dollars nor more than one thousand (1,000) dollars, or be imprisoned for a period of not less than two months nor greater than one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

SEC. 4200. The provisions of this act shall not apply to cities where city boiler inspectors are appointed under the provisions of the ordinances of said city.

CONNECTICUT.

GENERAL STATUTES OF 1902.

Inspection and regulation of bakeries.

SECTION 2569 (as amended by chapter 13, Acts of 1905). Every building or room occupied as a bakery shall be drained and plumbed in a manner conducive to its healthful and sanitary condition, and constructed with air shafts and windows or ventilating pipes sufficient

to insure ventilation, as the factory inspector shall direct. Every bakery shall be provided with a washroom, and water-closet apart from the bake room and rooms where the manufacturing of such food products is conducted; no water-closet, earth-closet, privy, or ash pit shall be within or communicate directly with a bake shop. Rooms used for the manufacture of flour or meal food shall be at least eight feet in height; the side walls of such rooms shall be plastered or wainscoted, the ceiling plastered or ceiled with lumber or metal, and, if required by the factory inspector, shall be whitewashed at least once in three months; the furniture, utensils, and floor of such rooms shall be kept in healthful sanitary condition. The manufactured flour or meal food products shall be kept in dry, clean, and airy rooms. The sleeping places for persons employed in a bakery shall be separate from the rooms where food products are manufactured or stored. After inspection the factory inspector shall issue a certificate to the owner or operator of such bakery that it is conducted in compliance with the provisions of law, which said certificate shall be kept posted by the owner or operator of such bakery in a conspicuous place in his bake shop; but where orders are issued by said inspector to improve the condition of a bakery, no such certificate shall be issued until such orders shall have been complied with.

Rooms under

2. No room or rooms either wholly or partly underground, not now used as a bakery, shall hereafter be used as a bakery. No room or ground. rooms wholly or partly underground, now used as a bakery, which shall hereafter be closed, shall be again used as a bakery.

Rooms not

3. No room or rooms wholly or partly underground which shall have been closed on account of fire, attachments, observance of religious closed. ceremonies, or quarantine regulations, shall be deemed to be closed within the meaning of this act.

4. A bake shop shall be deemed to be closed whenever, for any reason except those specified in section three, the business of baking for the public shall be suspended therein.

Rooms closed.

diseases.

5. Every person who violates any provision of this act shall be sub- Violations. ject to the penalties provided by section 2572 of the General Statutes. SEC. 2570. No employer shall permit any person to work in his bake Contagious shop who is affected with pulmonary tuberculosis, scrofulous, or venereal disease, or with a communicable skin affection, and every employer shall maintain himself and his employees in a clean and sanitary condition while engaged in the manufacture, handling, or sale of such food products.

Notice to be

SEC. 2571. The owner, agent, or lessee of any property used as a bakery shall, within thirty days after the service of notice upon him complied with. of an order issued by the factory inspector, comply therewith, or cease to use or allow the use of such premises as a bake shop; such notice shall be in writing and may be served upon such owner, agent, or lessee, either personally or by mail, and a notice by registered letter, mailed to the last known address of such owner, agent, or lessee, shall be sufficient service.

Penalty.

SEC. 2572. Every person who violates any provision of sections 2569, Violations. 2570 or 2571, or who fails to comply with an order of the factory inspector, shall be fined not more than fifty dollars for the first offense, not more than one hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than ten days for the second offense, and not more than two hundred dollars and imprisoned not more than thirty days for each subsequent offense.

Fire escapes on factories, etc.

SECTION 2629. If any * * workshop, manufactory, or other building

*

*

*

Fire escapes re

in which more than twenty persons shall quired, when. be employed above the first story, shall be more than two stories in height, it shall be provided with at least one fire escape, of iron or other incombustible material, on the outside of said building; unless, in the opinion of the authority inspecting the same, such building is sufficiently supplied with safe and proper means of egress; and if such building shall be more than one hundred and fifty feet in length it shall be provided with one such fire escape for every one hundred and fifty feet, or fractional part thereof exceeding fifty feet, and such fire escapes shall be conveniently accessible from each story of said building.

Owner to provide.

Penalty.

Enforcement.

Duty of inspector.

Lighting, etc.

SEC. 2630. The owner of every such building shall provide such fire escapes and means of egress, or cause the same to be provided, and, if he shall neglect to do so for a period of three months after notice from the building inspector or other proper authority, he shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not more than six months, or both.

SEC. 2631. The building inspector of each city, the warden of each borough, or the first selectman of each town not having a building inspector, either by himself or by some proper person appointed by him, shall inspect all the above-named buildings at least once each year between April first and October first, and shall see that the provisions of sections * * * 2629, and 2630 are complied with; and for such purpose he shall have the right to enter any of said buildings in the daytime, between the hours of nine and five o'clock. Said city, borough, or town shall fix and pay the compensation for all such services.

Inspection of factories, etc.

SECTION 4515. The inspector shall, as often as practicable, examine all buildings and places where machinery is used, and may enter such buildings and places at all proper times for the purposes of inspection. He shall, on or before the first of December in each year, make a report to the governor of the condition, as respects safety to life and health, of the factories, buildings, and places visited by him.

SEC. 4516. All factories and buildings where machinery is used shall be well lighted, ventilated, and kept as clean as the nature of the busiSafety ap-ness will permit. The belting, shafting, gearing, machinery, and pliances. drums, of all factories and buildings where machinery is used, when so placed as, in the opinion of the inspector, to be dangerous to the persons employed therein while engaged in their ordinary duties, shall, as far as practicable, be securely guarded. No machinery other than steam engines in a factory shall be cleaned while running after notice forbidding the same is given by the inspector to the owners or operators of the factory.

Colored windows.

Water-closets.

Enforcement.

ing, etc.

SEC. 4518. Every person, firm, or corporation using stained, painted, or corrugated glass in factory windows, where the same is injurious to the eyes of the workmen therein, shall remove the same upon the order of the factory inspector.

SEC. 4519. Every person or corporation managing or operating any factory, or owning or controlling the use of any other building where more than five persons are employed, shall provide and keep in good sanitary condition suitable water-closet accommodations for the use of the persons employed.

SEC. 4520. The inspector shall enforce the provisions of this chapter by giving proper orders or notices to the persons or corporations owning, operating, or managing the factories or buildings inspected by him, and shall make complaint to the State's attorneys of all violations of this chapter.

Buffing, grind- SEC. 4521. Whenever the inspector, on complaint of any person, shall find it necessary, for the preservation of the health of the employees in any manufacturing establishment, factory, or mill in which is carried on the business of buffing, polishing, or grinding metals, or any operations in which an excessive amount of dust is generated, that such dust should be removed from the atmosphere of the rooms or apartments used for that purpose, he shall, in writing, direct the person, or corporation owning, occupying, or carrying on business in such premises, within three months from the date of said order, to introduce and operate such appliances or devices as may be necessary to remove, so far as the nature of the business will permit, such excessive dust or foreign matter: Provided, That such appliances or devices do not restrict or interfere with the aforesaid business or operations.

Violations.

SEC. 4522 (as amended by chapter 53, Acts of 1903). Every owner, lessee, or occupant of a factory, or building included within the provisions of this chapter, or owning or controlling the use of any room in such building, shall for the violation of any provision of sections