DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

ACTS OF U. S. CONGRESS, 1897-98.

CHAPTER 8.-Factories and workshops-Water-closets.

SECTION 9. Every building in said District where persons are employed or intended to be employed in any trade or business, shall be provided with sufficient and suitable privy accommodations, having regard to the number of persons employed in or in attendance at such building; and also where persons of both sexes are employed or intended to be employed, or in attendance, with sufficient, suitable, and separate privy accommodations for persons of each sex. It shall be unlawful for any owner or agent to put any person or persons in possession of any building, or any part thereof, not provided with privy accommodations as aforesaid, except a watchman for the purpose of guarding such building or part thereof.

ACTS OF FIRST SESSION, 59TH CONGRESS, 1905-1906.

CHAPTER 957.-Fire escapes on factories, etc.

SECTION 2. It shall be the duty of the owner, lessee, occupant, or person having possession, charge, or control of any building already erected, or which may hereafter be erected, in which ten or more persons are employed at the same time in any of the stories above the second story, to provide and cause to be erected and affixed thereto a sufficient number of the *** fire escapes [of such material, type, and construction as the Commissioners of the District of Columbia may determine], the location and number of the same to be determined by the said commissioners, and to keep the hallways and stairways in every such building as is used and occupied at night properly lighted, to the satisfaction of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, from sunset to sunrise.

SEC. 3. It shall also be the duty of the owner, lessee, occupant, or person having possession, charge, or control of * ** any building in which ten or more persons are employed, as set forth in section two of this act, to provide, install, and maintain therein proper and sufficient guide signs, guide lights, exit lights, hall and stairway lights, fire hose, and fire extinguishers, in such location and numbers and of such type and character as the Commissioners of the District of Columbia may determine.

SEC. 4. The Commissioners of the District of Columbia are hereby authorized and directed to require any alterations or changes that may become necessary in buildings now or hereafter erected, in order to properly locate or relocate fire escapes or to afford access to fire escapes, and to require any changes or alterations in any building that may be necessary in order to provide for the erection of additional fire escapes, when in the judgment of said Commissioners additional fire escapes are

necessary.

Fireproof SEC. 5. Each elevator shaft and stairway extending to the basement compartment. of the buildings heretofore mentioned shall terminate in a fireproof compartment or inclosure, separating the elevator shaft and stairs from other parts of the basement, and no opening shall be made or maintained in such compartment or inclosure unless the same be provided with fireproof doors.

Obstructions.

Gratings.

Licenses with

held.

SEC. 6. It shall be unlawful to obstruct any hall, passageway, corridor, or stairway in any building mentioned in this act with baggage, trunks, furniture, cans, or with any other thing whatsoever.

SEC. 7. No door or window leading to any fire escape shall be covered or obstructed by any fixed grating or barrier, and no person shall at any time place any incumbrance or obstacle upon any fire escape or upon any platform, ladder, or stairway leading to or from any fire escape.

SEC. 8. No license shall be issued to any person to conduct any business for which a license is required in any building mentioned in this

act until such building has been provided and equipped with a sufficient number of fire escapes and other appliances required by this act. SEC. 9. Any person failing or neglecting to provide fire escapes, alarm gongs, guide signs, fire hose, fire extinguishers, or other appliances required by this act, after notice from the Commissioners of the District of Columbia so to do, shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars, and shall be punished by a further fine of five dollars for each day that he fails to comply with the notice aforesaid. Any person violating any other provision of this act shall be punished, upon conviction thereof, by a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense.

Violations.

SEC. 10. The said notice requiring the erection of fire escapes and Notices. other appliances mentioned in this act shall specify the character and number of fire escapes or other appliances to be provided, the location of the same, and the time within which said fire escapes or other appliances shall be provided, and in no case shall more than ninety days be allowed for compliance with said notice unless the Commissioners of the District of Columbia shall, in their discretion, deem it necessary to extend their time.

SEC. 11. Said notice shall be deemed to have been served if delivered Delivery of to the person to be notified, or if left with any adult person at the usual notice. residence or place of business of the person to be notified in the District of Columbia, or if no such residence or place of business can be found in said District by reasonable search, if left with any adult person at the office of any agent of the person to be notified, provided such agent has any authority or duty with reference to the building to which said notice relates, or if no such office can be found in said District by reasonable search if forwarded by registered mail to the last known address of the person to be notified and not returned by the post-office authorities, or if no address be known or can by reasonable diligence be ascertained, or if any notice forwarded as authorized by the preceding clause of this section be returned by the post-office authorities, if published on ten consecutive days in a daily newspaper published in the District of Columbia, or if by reason of an outstanding unrecorded transfer of title the name of the owner in fact can not be ascertained beyond a reasonable doubt, if served on the owner of record in the manner hereinbefore in this section provided. Any notice to a corporation shall, for the purposes of this act, be deemed to have been served on such corporation if served on the president, secretary, treasurer, general manager, or any principal officer of such corporation in the manner herein before provided for the service of notices on natural persons holding property in their own right, and notice to a foreign corporation shall, for the purposes of this act, be deemed to have been served if served on any agent of such corporation personally, or if left with any person of suitable age and discretion residing at the usual residence or employed at the usual place of business of such agent in the District of Columbia: Provided, That in case of failure or refusal of the owner, lessee, occupant, or person having possession, charge, or control of any buildings specified in this act to comply with the requirements of the notice provided for in section ten, then, and in that event, the Commissioners are hereby empowered and it is their duty to cause such erection of fire escapes and other appliances mentioned in the notice provided for, and they are hereby authorized to assess the costs thereof as a tax against the buildings on which they are erected and the ground on which the same stands, and to issue tax-lien certificates against such building and grounds for the amount of such assessments, bearing interest at the rate of ten per centum per annum, which certificates may be turned over by the Commissioners to the contractor for doing the work.

SEC. 12. The supreme court of the District of Columbia, in term Injunctions. time or in vacation, may, upon a petition of the District of Columbia,

filed by its said Commissioners, issue an injunction to restrain the use

or occupation of any building in the District of Columbia in violation of any of the provisions of this act.

What build

escapes.

GEORGIA.

CODE OF 1895-POLITICAL CODE.

Fire escapes on factories, etc.

SECTION 2622. Owners of every building more than two stories in ings to have fire height, not including the basement, used in the third or higher stories in whole or in part, as factory or workshop, shall provide more than one way of egress from each story of said building, above the second story, by stairways, on the inside or outside of said building, and such stairways shall be, as nearly as may be practicable, at opposite ends of each story, and so constructed that, in case of fire, the ground can be readily reached from the third and higher stories. Stairways on the outside of said buildings shall have suitable railed landings at each story above Doors to open the first, and shall connect with each of said stories by doors or winoutwardly. dows, opening outwardly, and such doors, windows and landings shall be kept at all times clear of obstructions. All the main doors of such buildings, both inside and outside, shall open outwardly, and each story shall be amply supplied with means for extinguishing fires.

Landings.

Inspection.

Who to make alterations.

Laundries, etc. to be erected.

Board of health.

Use of other buildings.

SEC. 2623. The municipal authorities of the town or city where such building is situated, or the ordinary of the county if the building is situated outside of any town or city, shall require the fire marshal or chief officer of the fire department, and if there is no fire marshal nor chief fireman, then some other suitable official, to examine such buildings at least once a year, and report in writing to said municipal authorities, or said ordinary, that said requirements have or have not been complied with. If not complied with, the municipal authorities or the ordinary, as the case may be, shall notify in writing the owner of such building to provide needful alterations or additions.

SEC. 2625. The owners of buildings referred to in this chapter shall make all alterations or additions necessary to comply with the requirements of this chapter. Examinations and reports shall be made during the month of December of each year.

HAWAII.

REVISED LAWS OF 1905.

Regulation of laundries.

SECTION 1063. The superintendent of public works may cause to be built and erected in the district of Kona, Island of Oahu, a sufficient number of laundries and wash houses, and to let the same to persons applying therefor at such rents, and upon such terms as the said superintendent shall deem advisable. And in like manner to designate and use for such purposes buildings already erected.

SEC. 1065. Such laundries and wash houses when erected shall be under the supervision and control of the board of health.

SEC. 1066 (as amended by act No. 111, Acts of 1907). Every person who shall carry on the business of laundry keeping or washing for hire, within the limits of the city of Honolulu, except in such buildings as shall be provided for such purpose, in accordance with the provisions of section 1063, or in such buildings as may be approved and designated for such purpose by the board of health, shall upon conviction be liable to a fine not to exceed ten dollars for each and every day during which he shall so carry on such business, and in default of payment of such fine shall be imprisoned until such fine is paid.

IDAHO.

ACTS OF 1903.

Fire escapes on factories, etc.

(Page 148.)

*

*

in height.

SECTION 1. It is hereby made the duty of every person, firm or cor- Factories more poration, or his or its agents, officers or trustees owning or having than two stories the management or control of any * factory or other structure over two stories in height to provide and furnish such building with safe and suitable metallic, iron or fireproof ladders of sufficient strength and permanently and securely attach the same to the outside or outer walls of such buildings in such manner and in such position as to be adjacent to the windows and convenient and easy of access to the occupants of such buildings in case of fire.

SEC. 2. Such metallic, iron or fireproof ladders must connect with Ladders. each floor above the first, and be well fastened and secure and of sufficient strength and extend from the first story to the upper stories of such building or to the cornice thereof.

SEC. 4. Any person, firm or corporation, or his or its agents, officers Violation. or trustees, who shall fail to comply with the provisions of this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than three nor more than six months, or by a fine of not less than two hundred dollar[s] ($200), nor more than three hundred dollars ($300), or by both such fine and imprisonment.

ILLINOIS.

ANNOTATED STATUTES OF 1896.

CHAPTER 48.-Factories and workshops-Sweat shops.

Inspection.

SECTION 17. No room or rooms, apartment or apartments in any Sewing, etc., in tenement or dwelling house used for eating or sleeping purposes, shall living rooms. be used for the manufacture, in whole or in part, of coats, vests, trousers, knee pants, overalls, cloaks, shirts, ladies' waists, purses, feathers, artificial flowers or cigars, except by the immediate members of the family living therein. Every such workshop shall be kept in a cleanly state, and shall be subject to the provisions of this act; and each of said articles made, altered, repaired or finished in any of such workshops shall be subject to inspection and examination, as hereinafter provided, for the purpose of ascertaining whether said articles, or any of them, or any part thereof, are in a cleanly condition and free from vermin and any matter of an infectious and contagious nature; and every person so occupying or having control of any workshop as aforesaid shall within fourteen days from the taking effect of this act, or from the time of beginning of work in any workshop as aforesaid, notify the board of health of the location of such workshop, the nature of the work there carried on, and the number of persons therein employed.

eases, etc.

SEC. 18. If the board of health of any city or said State inspector Infectious disfinds evidence of infectious or contagious diseases present in any workshop, or in goods manufactured or in process of manufacture therein, and if said board or inspector shall find said shop in an unhealthy condition, or the clothing and materials used therein to be unfit for use, said board or inspector shall issue such order or orders as the public health may require, and the board of health are hereby enjoined to condemn and destroy all such infectious and contagious articles.

ufactures.

SEC. 19. Whenever it shall be reported to said inspector or to the Importation of board of health, or either of them, that coats, vests, trousers, knee-sweat shop manpants, overalls, cloaks, shirts, ladies' waists, purses, feathers, artificial flowers or cigars are being transported to this State, having been previously manufactured in whole or part under unhealthy conditions,

Tumbling rods,

said inspector shall examine said goods and the condition of their manufacture, and if upon such examination said goods or any of them are found to contain vermin, or to have been made in improper places or under unhealthy conditions, he shall make report thereof to the board of health, or inspector, which board or inspector shall thereupon make such order or orders as the public health shall require, and the board of health are hereby empowered to condemn or destroy all such articles.

CHAPTER 70.-Guards on threshing machines, etc.

SECTION 3. All persons in this State who are or may hereafter own etc., to be boxed. or run any threshing machine, corn sheller, or any other machine which is connected to a horse power by means of tumbling rods or line of shafting, shall cause each and every length or section of such tumbling rod (except the one next the horse power), together with the knuckles or joints and jacks thereof, to be safely boxed or secured while running.

Liability for injuries, etc.

Blowers for

etc.

SEC. 4. Any person owning or running any machine, as mentioned in section 1 [sec. 3] of this act, without complying with the requirements of the aforesaid section, shall be held liable to the person damaged for any damage which may be sustained by such person by reason of such neglect, and no action shall be maintained nor shall any legal liability exist for services rendered by or with any such machine, when it shall be made to appear that the first section [sec. 3] of this act has not been complied with.、

A plaintiff suing under this statute must show due care on his part to same degree as in actions for injuries resulting from negligence. 10 Ill. App. 271.

ACTS OF 1897.

Factories and workshops-Use of blowers on metal-polishing machinery.

(Page 250.)

SECTION 1. All persons, companies or corporations operating any facemery wheels, tory or workshop where emery wheels or emery belts of any description are used, either solid emery, leather, leather covered, felt, canvas, linen, paper, cotton, or wheels or belts rolled or coated with emery or corundum, or cotton wheels used as buffs, shall provide the same with blowers, or similar apparatus, which shall be placed over, beside or under such wheels or belts in such a manner as to protect the person or persons using the same from the particles of the dust produced and caused thereby, and to carry away the dust arising from or thrown off by such wheels or belts while in operation directly to the outside of the building or to some receptacle placed so as to receive and confine such dust: Provided, That grinding machines upon which water is used at the point of the grinding contact shall be exempt from the provisions of this act: And provided, This act shall not apply to small shops employing not more than one man in such work.

Provisos.

Hoods or hoppers.

Suction pipes.

SEC. 2. It shall be the duty of any person, company or corporation operating any such factory or workshop to provide or construct such appliances, apparatus, machinery or other things necessary to carry out the purpose of this act, as set forth in the preceding section, as follows: Each and every such wheel shall be fitted with a sheet of [or] cast iron hood or hopper of such form and so applied to such wheel or wheels that the dust or refuse therefrom will fall from such wheels, or will be thrown into such hood or hopper by centrifugal force and be carried off by the current of air into a suction pipe attached to same [said] hood or hopper.

SEC. 3. Each and every such wheel six inches or less in diameter shall be provided with a three-inch suction pipe; wheels six inches to twenty-four inches in diameter with four-inch [such] suction pipe; wheels from twenty-four inches to thirty-six inches in diameter with five-inch suction pipe; and all wheels larger in diameter than those stated above shall be provided each with a suction pipe not less than six inches in diameter. The suction pipe from each wheel, so specified,