Suction pipes.

Fans.

Inspection.

Penalty.

Guards,

etc.,

sary to carry out the purpose of this act, as set forth in the preceding section, as follows: Each and every such wheel shall be fitted with a sheet or cast iron hood or hopper of such form and so applied to such wheel or wheels that the dust or refuse therefrom will fall from such wheel, or will be thrown into such hood or hopper by centrifugal force and be carried off by the current of air into a suction pipe attached to same hood or hopper.

SEC. 4364-88. Each and every such wheel, six inches or less in diameter, shall be provided with a three-inch suction pipe; wheels six inches to twenty-four inches in diameter with four-inch suction pipe; wheels from twenty-four inches to thirty-six inches in diameter with five-inch suction pipe; and all wheels larger in diameter than those stated above shall be provided each with a suction pipe not less than six inches in diameter. The suction pipe from each wheel, so specified, must be full size to the main trunk suction pipe, and the main suction pipe to which smaller pipes are attached shall. in its diameter and capacity, be equal to the combined area of such smaller pipes attached to the same, and the discharge pipe from the exhaust fan, connected with such suction pipe or pipes, shall be as large, or larger, than the suction pipe.

SEC. 4364 89. It shall be the duty of any person, company or corporation operating any such factory or workshop to provide the neces sary fans or blowers to be connected with such pipe or pipes, as set forth in this act [secs. 4364–86 to 4364–89b], which shall be run at a rate of speed such as will produce a velocity of air in such suction or discharge pipes of at least nine thousand feet per minute to an equivalent suction or pressure of air equal to raising a column of water not less than five inches in a U-shaped tube. All branch pipes must enter the main trunk pipe at an angle of forty-five degrees or less; the main suction or trunk pipe shall be below the emery or buffing wheels, and as close to the same as possible, and to be either upon the floor or beneath the floor on which the machines are placed to which such wheels are attached. All bends, turns or elbows in such pipes must be made with easy, smooth surfaces, having a radius in the throat of not less than two diameters of the pipe on which they are connected.

SEC. 4364 89a. It shall be the duty of the chief inspector of workshops and factories to cause his district inspectors to inspect such workshops and factories in this State having and using such machinery as is named in this act [secs. 4364–86 to 4364-89b], as often as he may deem advisable, and the district inspector shall have entry to such workshops and factories at all times when directed to make such inspection, and shall report to the chief inspector such violations as he may find, [.]

And the chief inspector shall notify the person or persons, company or corporation operating such workshop or factory to comply with the provisions of this act within thirty days after date of issuing order, which notification shall be in writing and may be served by the district inspector or mailed to the last known address of such person, persons, company or corporation, which service shall be deemed sufficient notice for the purpose of this act [secs. 4364-86 to 4364-89b].

SEC. 4364-89b. Any person, or persons, company or corporation, or agent having charge of or the management of such workshop or factory, failing to comply with the provisions of this act [secs. 4364–86 to 436489b], and with such orders for changes as may be issued by the chief inspector, within thirty days after the same has been issued, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof before any court of competent jurisdiction, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense or imprisonment in the county jail not less than thirty days, or both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

SEC. 4364-89c. The owners and operators of factories and workshops, for machinery. which terms shall mean all manufacturing, mechanical, electrical and mercantile establishments, and all places where machinery of any kind is used or operated, shall take ordinary care, and make such suitable provisions as to prevent injury to persons who may come in contact with any such machinery, or any part thereof; and such ordinary care and such suitable provisions shall include the casing or boxing of all shaft

ing when operating horizontally near floors, or when in perpendicular or other position operating between, from, or through floors, or traversing near floors, or when operating near passageway, or directly over the heads of employees; the inclosure of all exposed cogwheels, fly wheels, band wheels, all main belts transmitting power from engine to dynamo, or other kind of machinery, and all openings through floors, through, or in which such wheels or belts may operate, with substantial railing; the covering, cutting off, or countersinking of keys, bolts, set screws, and all parts of wheels, shafting, or other revolving machinery, projecting unevenly from and beyond the surfaces of such revolving parts of such machinery; the railing in all unused elevator openings, the placing of automatic gates or floor doors, and the keeping of same in good condition, on each floor from which and where on each side, or sides, of elevator openings, entrance to the elevator carriage is obtained, the frequent examination and keeping in sound condition of ropes, gearing, and other parts of elevators, the closing of stair openings on all floors, except where access to stairs is obtained, and the railing of stairs between floors, the lighting of hallways, rooms, approaches to rooms, basements and other places wherein sufficient daylight is not obtainable; the guarding of all saws and other woodcutting and wood-shaping machinery, providing shifters for shifting belts, and poles and other appliances for removing and replacing belts on single pulleys, and adjusting runways, and staging used for oiling and other purposes, more than five feet from floors with hand railing, and providing countershafting with tight and loose pulleys or such other suitable appliances, in each room, separate from the engine room, for disconnecting machinery from other machinery when in operation.

SEC. 4364-89d. Any owner or operator of a factory or workshop, Penalty. as defined in section one of this act [sec. 4364-89c], who violates any

of the provisions of said section, shall be fined for the first offense

not exceeding one hundred dollars, and for every subsequent offense

not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars.

marked.

SEC. 4364-89e. The chief inspector or any district inspector of work- Dangerous shops and factories, who shall obtain knowledge of violation of the machinery to be provisions of section one of this act [sec. 4364-89c], is hereby authorized whenever he may deem it advisable to paste upon any machine, device, elevator, utensil, structure or machinery, or part of machinery of any kind, a notice stating that such machine, device, elevator, structure or machinery, or part of machinery of any kind, is dangerous to use or operate, and that operatives or employees are liable to injury by its use or operation, and such notice shall designate and describe the alteration or other change necessary to be made in order to insure safety of operation, the date of inspection and the time allowed for such alteration or change to be made, and no such machine, device, elevator, utensil, structure or machinery of any kind, shall be used or operated after such notice is posted thereon, until such change or alteration is made to the satisfaction of the inspector having made such recommendation.

SEC. 4364-89f. Any such owner or operator of a factory or workshop Penalty. who violates any of the provisions of section 3 of this act [sec. 4364-89e] shall be fined for the first offense not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars, and for every subsequent offense, not less than fifty nor more than five hundred dollars.

SEC. 4364-89g. It shall be the duty of the chief inspector and any Enforcement. district inspector of workshops and factories to prosecute all violations of the provisions of this act [secs. 4364-89c to 4364-89f].

SEC. 4364-89h (as amended by act, page 311, Acts of 1902). All stationary steam boilers operated or used, or caused to be operated or used, by any person, firm or corporation, within the State of Ohio, shall have upon them a low-pressure safety alarm column, which shall sound an alarm for the purpose of calling the attention of the engineer, fireman or person in charge of such boiler to the depth of water in the boiler before the same reaches the danger point. The said lowwater safety alarm column shall be a type capable of being tested easily by the chief examiner of steam engineers, or any of his district examiners, and shall be so connected with the boiler that the lowwater alarm will be sounded when there is not less than two inches

Low-water alarms for steam boilers.

of water over the highest point of the tubes or crown sheets. The chief examiner of steam engineers, or any of his district examiners, shall be authorized to enter upon the premises of any person, firm or corporation within this State for the purpose of inspecting any stationary steam boiler to ascertain as to whether it is equipped as herein provided. SEC. 4364-89i (as amended by act, page 311, Acts of 1902). It shall without be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to operate any stationary steam boiler unless it is equipped with a low-water alarm column after the date * [of this act].

Operating

boiler alarm.

*

SEC. 4364-89j (as amended by act, page 311, Acts of 1902). Any person, the member of any firm, or the member of any board of directors of any corporation who shall violate any of the provisions of this act [secs. 4364-89h to 4364-89j], or shall refuse or neglect to comply with any of its provisions, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five (25) dollars nor more than fifty (50) dollars and costs, or by imprisonment in the county jail of the county where conviction was had for a period of not less than thirty (30) days nor more than ninety (90) days, or both, such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the court for each and every offense.

OREGON.

ACTS OF 1903.

Bureau of labor statistics, etc.

(Page 205.)

SECTION 1. There is hereby established a separate and distinct department in this State, to be known as the "Bureau of Labor Statistics and Inspector of Factories and Workshops," to be in charge and under control of a commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics, which office is hereby created.

SEC. 2 (as amended by chapter 36, Acts of 1905). The governor, secretary of state, and State treasurer shall, on or before the first day of June, 1903, appoint a citizen of the State of Oregon, who has been a resident of the State continuously for five years, as such commissioner to fill said office, and such commissioner shall hold office until the second Monday in January, 1907, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified.

SEC. 3. At the general election in the year 1906, there shall be elected, as other State officers are elected, a citizen of the State of Oregon, who has been a resident of the State over five years, to fill the office of commissioner of labor statistics and inspector of factories and workshops, whose term of office shall be four years, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified. At the general election every fourth year thereafter, there shall be elected a commissioner of labor statistics and inspector of workshops and factories, whose term of office shall be four years, and until his successor is elected and has qualified.

SEC. 4. It shall be the duty of such officer to cause to be enforced all the laws regulating the employment of children, minors, and women; all laws established for the protection of the health, lives, and limbs of operatives in workshops, factories, mills, and other places, and all laws enacted for the protection of the working classes; laws which declare it to be a misdemeanor on the part of the employees [employers] to require as a condition of employment the surrender of any rights of citizenship; laws regulating and prescribing the qualifications of persons in trade and handcrafts, and similar laws now in force or hereafter to be enacted. It shall also be the duty of the officers to collect, assort, arrange, and present, in biennial reports to the legislature, on or before the first Monday in January, statistical details relating to all the departments of labor in the State; to the subject of corporations, strikes, or other labor difficulties; to trade unions and other labor organizations, and their effect upon labor or capital; the number and condition of

the Japanese and Chinese in the State, their social and sanitary habits; number of married, and of single; the number employed, and the nature of their employment; the average wages per day at each employment, and the gross amount yearly; the amount expended by them in rent, food, and clothing, and in what proportion such amounts are expended for foreign and home productions, respectively; to what extent their employment comes in competition with the white industrial classes of the State; and to such other matters relating to the commercial, industrial, social, educational, moral, and sanitary conditions of the laboring classes, and the permanent prosperity of the respective industries of the State as the bureau may be able to gather. In its biennial report the bureau shall also give account of all the proceedings of its officers which have been taken in accordance with the provisions of this act, herein referred to, including a statement of all violations of law which have been observed, and the proceedings under the same, and shall join with such amounts [accounts] and such remarks, suggestions and recommendations as the commissioner may deem necessary.

SEC. 5. It shall be the duty of every owner, operator, or manager of Reports from every factory, workshop, mill, or other establishment, excepting factories, etc. mines, where labor is employed, to make to the bureau, upon blanks furnished by said bureau, such reports and returns as the said bureau may require, for the purpose of compiling such labor statistics as are authorized by this act, and the owner or business manager shall make such reports and returns within the time prescribed therefor by said commissioner, and shall certify to the correctness of the same. In the report of said bureau no use shall be made of the names of individuals, firms, or corporations supplying the information called for by this section; such information shall be deemed confidential, and not for the purpose of disclosing personal affairs. Any officer, agent, or employee of said bureau violating this provision shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be fined in a sum not exceeding $500, or be imprisoned for not more than one year in the county jail.

SEC. 6. Said commissioner shall have the power to issue subpoenas, Powers of administer oaths, and take testimony in all matters relating to the commissioner. duties herein required by such bureau, and such testimony to be taken in some suitable place in the vicinity to which testimony is applicable. Witnesses subpoenaed and testifying before any officer of the said bureau shall be paid the same fees as witnesses before a circuit court, such payment to be made from the fund appropriated for the use of the bureau, and in the manner provided in section 10 of this act for the payment of other expenses of the bureau. Any person duly subpoenaed under the provisions of this section, who shall willfully neglect or refuse to attend, or testify, at the time and place named in the subpoena, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof before any court of competent jurisdiction, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $25 or more than $100, or by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding thirty days.

SEC. 7. Said commissioner of the bureau of labor shall have power Same subject. to enter any factory, mill, office, workshop, or public or private works,

at any reasonable time, for the purpose of gathering facts and statistics,

such as are contemplated by this act; and to examine into the methods

of protection from danger to employees, and the sanitary conditions in Inspection. and around such buildings and places, and make a record thereof; and any owner or occupant of said factory, mill, office, or workshop, or public or private works, or his agent, or agents, who shall refuse to allow an inspector or employee of said bureau to enter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, before any court of competent jurisdiction, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $25 nor more than $100, or be imprisoned in the county jail not to exceed ninety days for each and every offense.

SEC. 8. At the expiration of two years all records, schedules, and Schedules. papers accumulating in said bureau that may be considered of no etc., to be devalue by the commissioner may be destroyed: Provided, The authority stroyed.

of the governor be first obtained for such destruction.

Publication of

SEC. 9. The biennial reports of said commissioner, provided for in section 4 of this act, shall be printed in the same manner, and under reports. the same regulations, as the reports of the executive officers of the

Salary.

Bond.

Belt shifters, guards, etc.

Ventilation.

Hoistways,

etc.

State: Provided, That no less than four hundred and eighty copies of the report shall be distributed as the judgment of the commissioner may deem best. The blanks and stationery required by the bureau of labor statistics, in accordance with the provisions of this act, shall be furnished by the secretary of state and shall be paid for from the printing fund of the State.

SEC. 10 (as amended by chapter 111, Acts of 1907). The commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics and inspector of workshops and factories shall receive an annual salary of $2,000, payable quarterly, and is authorized to incur such expense and employ such clerical aid as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. The secretary of state is hereby authorized to draw warrants on the State treasurer for the payment of such expense upon properly verified vouchers approved by the commissioner: Provided, however, That said expense shall not exceed at any time the amount appropriated therefor. Said commissioner shall, before entering upon the duties of his office, execute a bond to the State of Oregon in the sum of $3,000, conditioned upon the faithful, honest and impartial performance of his duties under this act, which bond shall be approved by the secretary of state and filed in his office. Such commissioner shall include in his biennial report to the governor and legislature an itemized statement of the expense of the bureau incurred by him.

ACTS OF 1907.

CHAPTER 158.-Inspection of factories and workshops.

SECTION 1. Any person, firm, corporation or association operating a factory, mill or workshop where machinery is used, shall provide and maintain in use belt shifters or other mechanical contrivances for the purpose of throwing on or off belts or pulleys while running, where the same are practicable with due regard to the nature and purpose of said belts and the dangers to employees therefrom; also reasonable safeguards for all vats, pans, trimmers, cut-off, gang edger, and other saws, planers, cogs, gearings, belting, shafting, coupling, set screw, live rollers, conveyors, mangles in laundries, and machinery of other or similar descriptions, which it is practicable to guard, and which can be effectively guarded with due regard to the ordinary use of such machinery and appliances, and the dangers to employees therefrom, and with which the employees of any such factory, mill or workshop are liable to come in contact while in the performance of their duties; and if any machine, or any part thereof, is in a defective condition and its operation would be extra hazardous because of such defect, or if any machine is not safeguarded as provided in this act, the use thereof is prohibited, and a notice to that effect shall be attached thereto by the employer immediately on receiving notice of such defect or lack of safeguard, and such notice shall not be removed until said defect has been remedied or the machine safeguarded as herein provided.

SEC. 2. Every factory, mill or workshop where machinery is used and manual labor is exercised by the way of trade for the purposes of gain within an inclosed room (private houses in which the employees live, excepted) shall be provided in each workroom thereof with good and sufficient ventilation and kept in a cleanly and sanitary state, and shall be so ventilated as to render harmless, so far as practicable, all gases, vapors, dust, or other impurities, generated in the course of the manufacturing or laboring process carried on therein; and if in any factory, mill or workshop any process is carried on in any inclosed room thereof, by which dust is generated and inhaled to an injurious extent by the persons employed therein, conveyers, receptacles or exhaust fans, or other mechanical means, shall be provided and maintained for the purpose of carrying off or receiving and collecting such dust.

SEC. 3. The openings of all hoistways, hatchways, elevators, and wellholes and stairways in factories, mills, workshops, storehouses, warerooms, or stores, shall be protected, where practicable, by good