mentioned in such license, allowing not less than two hundred and fifty cubic feet for each person employed between the hours of six o'clock in the morning and six o'clock in the evening, and unless by a special written permit of the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector, or assistant factory inspector, not less than four hundred cubic feet for each person employed therein between the hours of six in the evening and six in the morning, but no such permit shall be issued unless such room or apartment has suitable light at all times during such hours, while such persons are employed therein.

Such license must be posted in a conspicuous place in the room or apartment to which it relates. It may be revoked by the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector or assistant factory inspector, if the health of the community or of the employees requires it, or if it appears that the rooms or apartments, to which such license relates, are not in a healthy and proper sanitary condition.

Every room or apartment in which any of the articles named in this section are manufactured, altered, repaired or finished, shall be kept in a clean and sanitary condition and shall be subject to inspection and examination by the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, fac- Sanitation. tory inspector, or assistant factory inspector, for the purpose of ascertaining whether said garments or articles or any part or parts thereof are clean and free from vermin and every matter of infectious or contagious

nature.

No person, firm or corporation, shall hire, employ or contract with any member of a family or any person, firm or corporation not holding a license therefor, to manufacture, alter, repair or finish any of the articles named in this section in any room or apartment in any tenement or dwelling house or in any room or apartment in any building, situated in the rear of a tenement or dwelling house as aforesaid; and no person, firm or corporation shall receive, handle or convey to others or sell, hold in stock or expose for sale, any goods mentioned in this section unless made under the sanitary conditions and in accordance with this act.

This section shall not prevent the employment of a tailor or seamstress by any person or family for the purpose of making, altering, repairing or finishing any article of wearing apparel for such person or for family use. SEC. 1636-72. Whenever the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector or assistant factory inspector in his judgment revokes or refuses to grant a license to any person or persons because of the unhealthy or unsanitary conditions in or surrounding the place where any of the aforesaid goods are or are to be manufactured, the person or persons aggrieved by such decision may appeal to the board of health of such city, village or town wherein said license was refused or revoked. The board of health after receiving a written notice of the appeal from the person or persons aggrieved, shall immediately investigate the conditions and surroundings of the place wherein any of the goods are or are to be manufactured as mentioned in the aforesaid, and if they find that a license can be granted without injuring or impairing the public health, then such finding shall be immediately reported in writing to the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics who shall thereupon grant such license.

Revocation of license.

SEC. 1636-73. The commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, fac- Separation of tory inspector or assistant factory inspector, may when he deems it neces- workrooms from living rooms. sary, require that all rooms or apartments used for the purpose of manufacturing, altering, repairing or finishing therein, any of the aforesaid goods or articles as mentioned in section 1 shall be separate from and have no door, window or other opening into any living or sleeping room of any tenement or dwelling and that no such rooms or apartments shall be used at any time for sleeping purposes and shall contain no bed, bedding or cooking utensils. He may further require or direct a sepa rate outside entrance to the room or apartments where the work is carried on, and if such work is carried on above the first floor, then there may be directed a separate and distinct stairway leading thereto and every such room or apartment shall be well and sufficiently lighted, heated and ventilated by ordinary, or if necessary, by mechanical appliance.

He may also require suitable closet arrangements for each sex Water-closets. employed as follows: Where there are ten or more persons and three or more to the number of twenty are of either sex, a separate and dis

Register.

Infectious dis

eases.

Owner not to

use.

tinet water-closet, either inside the building with adequate plumbing connections or on the outside, at least twenty feet from the building, shall be provided for each sex. When the number employed is more than twenty-five of either sex, there shall be provided an additional water-closet for such sex up to the number of fifty persons, and above that number in the same ratio, and all such closets shall be kept strictly and exclusively for the use of the employees and employer and [or] employers. All closets shall be regularly disinfected and the commis sioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector or assistant factory inspector may require all other necessary changes or any process of cleaning, painting or whitewashing which they may deem necessary, before the issuing of the license.

SEC. 1636-74. Any person, firm or corporation, by themselves or by their agents or managers, contracting for the manufacturing, altering, repairing or finishing of any of the articles mentioned in section 1 of this act, or giving out material from which they or any part of them are to be manufactured, altered, repaired or finished, shall keep a register of the names and addresses, plainly written in English, of the persons to whom such articles or materials are given to be so manufactured, altered, repaired or finished or with whom they have contracted to do the same. Such register shall be subject to inspection on demand, by the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector or assistant factory inspector, and a copy thereof shall be furnished at his request.

SEC. 1636-75. If the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector or assistant factory inspector find that infectious or contagious diseases exist in a workshop, room or apartment of a tenement or dwelling house or of a building in the rear thereof in which any of the articles specified in section 1 of this act are being manufactured, altered, repaired or finished or that articles manufactured or in process of manufacture therein are infected or that goods used therein are unfit for use, he shall report to the local board of health, and such board shall issue such order as the public health may require. Such board may condemn and destroy all such infectious article or articles manufactured or in the process of manufacture under unclean or unhealthful conditions.

SEC. 1636-76. The owner, lessee or agent of a tenement or dwelling permit unlawful house or of a building in the rear of a tenement or dwelling house shall not permit the use thereof for the manufacture, repair, alteration or finishing of any of the articles mentioned in this act contrary to its provisions. If a room or apartment in such tenement or dwelling house or in a building in the rear of a tenement or dwelling house be so unlawfully used, the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, factory inspector, or assistant factory inspector, shall serve a notice thereof upon such owner, lessee or agent. Unless such owner, lessee or agent shall cause sucn unlawful manufacture to be discontinued within thirty days after the service of such notice or within fifteen days thereafter, institutes and faithfully prosecutes proceedings for the dispos session of the occupant of a tenement or dwelling house or of a buildirg in the rear of a tenement or dwelling house who unlawfully manufactures, repairs, alters or finishes such articles in any room or apartment therein, he shall be deemed guilty of a violation of this act as if he himself was engaged in such unlawful manufacture, repair, alteration or finishing.

Penalty.

SEC. 1636-77. Any person, firm or corporation, agent or manager of any corporation who whether for himself or for such firm or corporation or by himself or through agents, servants or foremen shall violate any of the provisions of this act shall upon conviction thereof be fined in any sum not less than twenty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense, or imprisoned not less than twenty or more than sixty days or both, and in all prosecutions brought by or under the direction of the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics for the violation of this act, he shall not be held to give security for costs or adjudged to pay any costs but in all cases where the accused be acquitted or is found to be indigent, the costs shall be paid out of the county treasury of the county in which the proceedings are brought the same as the costs in all other cases of misdemeanor.

Factories and workshops-Cigar factories.

SECTION 1636-101. No shop or place wherein cigars are manufactured shall be located below the ground floor.

SEC. 1636-102. Each employee in any shop or place wherein cigars are manufactured, shall, while actually employed, be allowed to use twenty square feet of surface space, unobstructed to the ceiling.

SEC. 1636-103. Every room wherein cigars are manufactured shall contain at least seven hundred cubic feet of air space. It shall in every part be not less than eight feet in height, from floor to ceiling, every window shall have not less than twelve square feet in superficial area, and the entire area of window surface shall not be less than twelve per cent of the floor space of such room.

Location.

Surface space.

Air space.

SEC. 1636-104. Every room in which cigars are manufactured while Ventilation. work is carried on shall be so ventilated that the air shall not become impure and injurious to the health of the persons employed therein, and it shall wherever necessary, by the means of air shafts or other ventilation, be so changed as to render harmless all gases, dust and other impurities generated in the process of manufacturing cigars. All windows are to be kept open for thirty minutes before working hours and for thirty minutes after working hours.

SEC. 1636-105. Every such shop or place in which one or more persons are employed and every such factory in which five or more persons are employed, shall be kept clean. The dust must be removed from work tables and floors once every day, the floors scrubbed at least once a week and one cuspidor provided for every two employees.

Cleanliness.

Hours of labor

SEC. 1636-106. No person under eighteen years of age shall be employed or permitted to work in a cigar shop or a cigar factory at manu- of minors. facturing cigars for longer than eight hours a day or forty-eight hours a week.

SEC. 1636-107. Where men and women are employed there shall be separate dressing rooms and water-closets for the different sexes. SEC. 1636-108. Any person violating any provision of this act shall be punished by fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars and no less than ten dollars for the first offense, and by fine not exceeding fifty dollars, and no less than twenty-five dollars for the second and each following offense.

Dressing

rooms, etc.

Penalty.

SEC. 1636-109. The factory inspector shall have full power and it Enforcement. shall be his duty to enforce all the provisions of this act, but no prosecution shall be instituted for any violation of sections 2, 3 and 4 [1636– 102, 1636-103, and 1636-104] unless the employer or manufacturer, or the firm has been notified by a notice sent in a registered letter for at least four weeks prior to a prosecution, requiring the necessary changes in the factory or workshop, and such request has not been complied with.

*

*

*

Factories and workshops.

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SECTION 4390. Every building now or hereafter used, in whole or in part, as a factory or workshop must be provided with outer doors that shall open or swing outwardly, and when storm doors are used at the entrance of any such building, either inside or outside, said storm doors shall have a glass therein not less than fifteen inches square, which glass shall be not less than four feet from the floor or approach, unless the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics, the factory inspector or assistant factory inspector in his judgment shall deem it otherwise.

Any owner, tenant, corporation, person or persons in charge of any of the above-named buildings, who shall fail to comply with this section or provide the same with fire escapes according to law, or any architect who shall prepare plans for any building which is required by law to be provided with such doors or with fire escapes, without providing in such plans for the same shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars or by imprisonment in the county jail not longer than ninety days.

SEC. 4390a. Every person or corporation owning, occupying or controlling any factory, workshop or structure three or more stories high, except such as are included in the next preceding section, in which

27295 No. 73-08-22

Doors to open outwardly.

Fire escapes.

Standpipes.

twenty-five or more persons are employed at any kind of labor, shall provide and keep connected with the same one or more good and substantial metallic or fireproof ladders, stairs or stairways, ready for use at all times, reaching from the cornice to the top of the first story, and placed on the outside thereof in such position and number as may be designated by the chief of the fire department or fire marshal of the city or village in which such structure is situated, or by the State factory inspector, and at each story above the first a wrought iron balcony in connection with such ladder, such balcony to be substantially attached to the structure, and of such length as to permit of access to it from two or more windows on each story, and of sufficient size to furnish reasonable means of escape to the persons employed therein from each and every floor or story above the first; and in all cities and villages where there is a water supply, either from waterworks, fire engines or pumping station, there shall be attached to such fire escape, except on structures equipped with automatic sprinklers, a three-inch wrought iron standpipe extending from a point within five feet from the ground to a point three feet above the roof or cornice. and on the roof shall be attached a two and one-half inch angle hose valve, with male hose connection and a double or Siamese "Y" female hose connection at the base of the pipe, the threads of which shall conform to the size and pattern used by the fire department where the structure is located. Any such person or corporation who shall fail, for three months after the receipt of notice in writing, stating the substance of the provisions of this section, from such chief, marshal or inspector to provide and keep such means of escape or such standpipe shall be punished by fine not exceeding one hundred dollars.

RECENT REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR STATISTICS.

CONNECTICUT.

Twenty-second Annual Report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for the year ending November 30, 1906. William H. Scoville, Commissioner. 303 pp.; appendix, 91 pp.

The subjects of inquiry presented in this report are as follows: New factory construction, 43 pages; industrial opportunities, 81 pages; statistics of manufactures, 56 pages; free public employment bureaus, 12 pages; directory of labor organizations, 19 pages; tenement houses, 5 pages; strikes and lockouts, 45 pages; labor laws, 84 pages.

NEW FACTORY CONSTRUCTION.-A list of buildings and additions erected during the year ending July 1, 1906, to be used for manufacturing purposes, is given under this caption. Location, material, dimensions, and cost of construction are set forth for each new structure. In 53 towns of the State 200 manufacturing establishments reported having constructed 329 new buildings and additions. to existing structures, with a floor space of 3,718,065 square feet, at a total cost of $3,742,813.

INDUSTRIAL OPPORTUNITIES.-This section of the report presents by towns such industrial opportunities in the State as are not yet utilized. The information was secured from clerks of the various towns of the State, from secretaries or other officials of boards of trade, and from officials and members of business men's associations. Population, area, resources, water supply, transportation facilities, available land for factory sites, etc., of the various towns are given. STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.-This chapter, devoted to statistics of manufactures, consists of a comparison between like data for the fiscal years 1904 and 1906 for 936 identical representative establishments. The data show weekly hours of labor, for 1906; and for both 1904 and 1906, average number of persons employed, amount paid in wages, gross value of product manufactured, and the percentages of increase or decrease in the items in 1906 as compared with 1904. In an analytical summary of the data are given also, for the year 1906, average annual earnings per employee and value of product manufactured for each person employed. Of the more important comparable data for the 936 identical establishments, a summary of that given for the fiscal year 1906 is presented in the table following: